The following article comes from pediatrician Hu Liang and author Hu Liang.

Pediatrician Hu Liang.

Allergy doctor, popular science author

Author: Hu Liang

Youth Committee of Asthma Group of Pediatric Branch of Chinese Medical Association/Youth Committee of Chronic Cough Group of Pediatric Branch of Chinese Medical Association

Sina Weibo is a popular blogger/serving thousands of allergic patients.

Every autumn, many people will encounter allergic symptoms such as itchy nose, itchy eyes, cough, itchy skin and even difficulty breathing. This seasonal allergy is called autumn pollinosis. According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), about 10-30% of the global population is affected by seasonal allergic rhinitis. So, why are we allergic to pollen? How to prevent and treat it?

01

What is hay fever?

Hay disease, also known as seasonal allergic rhinitis, is an allergic reaction caused by plant pollen. Pollen is a tiny powdery substance, which is the male reproductive cell of plants and is used for pollination and reproduction. Pollen will enter the air when it is spread by wind, insects or other media. If these pollen are inhaled or come into contact with our eyes, nose, skin and other parts, it may trigger an overreaction of the immune system and lead to various discomfort symptoms.

02

Why are hay fever frequent in autumn?

1. The peak of plant pollen: Autumn is the peak of pollen for many plants, especially weeds. Common sensitized plants include ragweed, wormwood, Humulus Humulus, Chenopodiaceae and so on. The dry weather and strong wind in autumn make it easier to spread pollen into the air, which leads to more frequent contact with pollen.

2. Allergic reaction of immune system: The human immune system was originally used to protect us from harmful substances, but for some people, their immune system mistakenly regards pollen as an "intruder" and produces antibodies to fight against these pollen. This process releases a chemical called histamine, which causes allergic symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing and itchy eyes.

3. Genetic and environmental factors: Allergic constitution has a certain genetic tendency. If parents or family members have a history of allergies, the possibility of allergies in their children will also increase. In addition, environmental factors such as air pollution, indoor and outdoor temperature difference, etc., may also aggravate pollen symptoms.

03

Common symptoms of hay fever

The symptoms of autumn pollinosis are diverse, and the common ones are:

Nasal symptoms: runny nose, stuffy nose, sneezing, itchy nose, etc.

Eye symptoms: itchy eyes, tears, redness, conjunctivitis, etc.

Respiratory symptoms: cough, itchy throat, asthma, etc.

Skin symptoms: itchy skin, rash, urticaria, etc.

These symptoms may affect daily life and work, so timely prevention and treatment is particularly important.

04

How to prevent autumn pollinosis?

1, reduce contact with pollen:

Pay close attention to the pollen index: you can know the daily pollen concentration through weather forecast or special pollen monitoring website, and try to reduce outdoor activities during the pollen peak period.

Avoid going out during peak hours: pollen concentration usually peaks in the morning and evening, so try to avoid going out during these hours.

Close doors and windows: In the high pollen season, try to close doors and windows and use air conditioners or air purifiers to keep indoor air clean.

2. Maintain personal hygiene:

Wash your face and hands frequently: After going home, wash your face and hands in time to avoid pollen residue.

Change clothes: Change clothes in time after going out to prevent pollen from entering the room.

Nose washing: Using normal saline to wash the nasal cavity can effectively remove pollen and other allergens in the nasal cavity.

Pollen blocking agent: before going out, applying pollen blocking agent around the nostrils can effectively block pollen from entering the nasal cavity and reduce the occurrence of allergic reactions.

3, improve the indoor environment:

Use an air purifier: An air purifier can filter pollen and other allergens in the air and keep the indoor air fresh.

Cleaning household items: regularly clean sheets, curtains, carpets, etc. to reduce the accumulation of pollen and dust mites.

Maintain moderate humidity: moderate humidity can reduce the pollen concentration in the air, but too high humidity may lead to mold growth.

05

Treatment of autumn pollinosis

1, drug therapy:

Antihistamines: Antihistamines can prevent the action of histamine and relieve symptoms such as itchy nose, runny nose and sneezing. Common antihistamines are loratadine and cetirizine.

Nasal hormone spray: nasal hormone spray can effectively alleviate nasal symptoms, such as mometasone furoate and fluticasone propionate.

Nasal decongestant: nasal decongestant can temporarily relieve nasal congestion, but it should not be used for a long time to avoid rebounding nasal congestion.

2, immunotherapy (desensitization therapy):

Desensitization therapy: Desensitization therapy, also known as specific immunotherapy, is to gradually increase the exposure of patients to specific allergens, so as to make their immune system tolerant, thus alleviating or eliminating allergic symptoms and obtaining long-term curative effect. Desensitization treatment needs to be carried out under the guidance of a doctor, usually lasting for 3-5 years. At present, the desensitization schemes for autumn pollen can be routinely obtained in China, including sublingual drops of Artemisia annua and sublingual sprays of ragweed and Artemisia argyi.

3, omalizumab treatment:

Omalizumab (omalizumab) is a monoclonal antibody drug, which has been proved to be effective for severe allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria by binding with IgE and blocking its mediated allergic reaction. Studies have shown that omazumab also has a significant effect on some patients with refractory hay fever. According to a systematic review and meta-analysis in 2022, omazumab showed good effect in the treatment of hay fever, significantly reducing the symptom score and drug demand.

Usage: Omazumab is usually given by subcutaneous injection, which needs to be given before hay fever comes. The specific dosage and frequency need to be determined according to the patient’s weight and IgE level.

06

tag

Although autumn pollinosis is miserable, as long as we understand its causes and take scientific prevention and treatment measures, we can completely alleviate the symptoms and enjoy a comfortable autumn.

[Author of this article]

Hu Liang

Pediatricians insist on evidence-based

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Original title: "Autumn pollinosis is frequent, why are we allergic to pollen? 》

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　　Shanghai Municipal Health and Health Commission announced this morning (13th): March 12th, 2022 0— At 24: 00, there were 1 confirmed case and 64 asymptomatic infected persons in COVID-19, of which 1 confirmed case and 60 asymptomatic infected persons were found in isolation and control, and the rest were found in the investigation of related risk groups. 13 new confirmed cases imported from COVID-19 and 1 asymptomatic infected person imported from abroad were found in closed-loop control.

　　March 12, 2022 0— At 24: 00, a new case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Shanghai.

　　This case, an 18-year-old male, lives at No.800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District. He is a close contact of a local asymptomatic infected person reported in Shanghai, that is, he was quarantined and controlled. During this period, Covid-19’s nucleic acid test result was abnormal, and the result was positive by the municipal CDC. After consultation with municipal experts, comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging examination results, the case was diagnosed as a confirmed case.

　　The close contacts of this case in Shanghai have previously implemented centralized isolation observation. Terminal disinfection has been carried out in the place where the case has been active.

　　March 12, 2022 0— At 2400 hours, there were 64 new cases of asymptomatic infection in Shanghai.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1, female, aged 39, lives at No.933 Tanggu Road, Jing ‘an District; asymptomatic infected person 2, female, aged 11, lives at Lane 1581 Chunshen Road, Minhang District; asymptomatic infected person 3, male, aged 21, lives at Lane 75 Innovation West Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 4, female, aged 47, lives at Lane 733 Yichuan Road, Jing ‘an District; asymptomatic infected person 5. Male, 31 years old, living at No.1377 Luoxiu Road, Minhang District, asymptomatic 7, female, 38 years old, living at Lane 555, Hexia Road, Jiading District, asymptomatic 8, female, 74 years old, asymptomatic 9, female, 52 years old, asymptomatic 10, female, asymptomatic. Living in Lane 2517 of Husong Highway in Songjiang District, there are 12 asymptomatic infected persons, female, 60 years old, 13 asymptomatic infected persons, female, 54 years old, living in No.388 Xujiahui Road in Huangpu District, 14 asymptomatic infected persons, male, 10 years old, living in Lane 1288 of Nanyang Bay Road in Jinshan District, and 15 asymptomatic infected persons, male. Living in Hengpu Village, Jinshan District, 17 asymptomatic patients, male, 63 years old, living in Lane 257, Danxiashan Road, Baoshan District, 18 asymptomatic patients, female, 66 years old,Living in Lane 612, Shunchang Road, Huangpu District, 19 asymptomatic infected persons, male, 38 years old, living in No.282, Nanchang Road, Huangpu District, 20 asymptomatic infected persons, female, 4 years old, living in Lane 901, Songfa Road, Baoshan District, asymptomatic infected persons, 21 female, 59 years old, living in Lane 901, Songfa Road, Baoshan District, asymptomatic infected persons, 22 female, 57 years old. Living in the dormitory of China Railway Fourth Bureau, Jianchuan Road, Minhang District, asymptomatic 24, female, 46 years old, asymptomatic 25, male, 34 years old, asymptomatic 26, male, 41 years old, asymptomatic 27, male, living in the dormitory of China Railway Fourth Bureau, Jianchuan Road, Minhang District. Asymptomatic infected person 28, male, 19 years old, lives at No.800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District; asymptomatic infected person 29, female, 31 years old, lives at Lane 1989, Long Xuan Road, Jinshan District; asymptomatic infected person 30, female, 36 years old, lives at Lane 780, Wulian Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 31, female, 53 years old, lives at Lane 729, Lijin Road, Pudong New Area. Asymptomatic infected person 33, female, aged 10, lives in Lane 115, Jialin Road, Pudong New Area, and asymptomatic infected person 34, male, aged 5, lives in Lane 95, Gongming Road, Pudong New Area.Asymptomatic infected person 35, female, 5 years old, living in Lane 685, Tingyue Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 36, female, 6 years old, living in Lane 1205, Tingyue Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 37, male, 5 years old, living in Lane 685, Tingyue Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 38, male, 5 years old, living in No.818, Chengnan Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 39. Asymptomatic infected person 40, male, 6 years old, living in Lane 2600, Gongwei Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 41, female, 6 years old, living in Lane 960, Tingyue Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 42, female, 5 years old, living in Lane 60, Gongming Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 43, male, 5 years old, living in Lane 685, Tingyue Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 44. Asymptomatic infected person 45, male, 5 years old, living in Lane 79, Gonghai Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 46, female, 32 years old, living in Lane 77, Tingchao South Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 47, male, 30 years old, living in Lane 77, Tingchao South Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 48, female, 51 years old, living in Xiatang Group 1, Fulan Village, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 49. Asymptomatic infected person 50, female, 43 years old, lives in Lane 685, Tingyue Road, Pudong New Area, and asymptomatic infected person 51, male, 11 years old, lives in Lane 1260, Huaxia East Road, Pudong New Area.Asymptomatic infected person 52, male, 41 years old, living in Lane 384, Muping Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 53, male, 34 years old, living in Lane 500, Huamu Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 54, female, 13 years old, living in Lane 200, Huaxia Second Road, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person 55, male, 44 years old, living in Lane 2778, Pudong Avenue, Pudong New Area; asymptomatic infected person. Living in Lane 183, Yuntai Road, Pudong New Area, 57 asymptomatic patients, male, 54 years old, living in Lane 667, Jufeng Road, Pudong New Area, 58 asymptomatic patients, female, 53 years old, asymptomatic patients, 59 female, 35 years old, living in Lane 616, Tongji Road, Pudong New Area, and 60 asymptomatic patients, female, 8 years old, living in Qinqin, Pudong New Area. After consultation with municipal experts and comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 61, male, 58 years old, living at No.193 Xiehe Road, Changning District, asymptomatic infected person 62, female, 34 years old, family members of medical personnel from other provinces coming to Shanghai, asymptomatic infected person 63, female, 30 years old, living in Zhangjiazhai, Qizao North, Chuansha Sixth Regiment, Pudong New Area, asymptomatic infected person 64, female, 35 years old, living in the dormitory of No.199 Fenju Road, Pudong New Area. The results of review by the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention were positive. After consultation with municipal experts and comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging examination results, it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　At present, 13 close contacts of the above asymptomatic infected people in this city have been tracked, and centralized isolation observation has been implemented. Terminal disinfection has been carried out in places where asymptomatic infected people have been active.

　　March 12, 2022 0— At 2400 hours, through the joint prevention and control mechanism at the port, Shanghai reported 13 newly confirmed cases of imported COVID-19. Twenty-six new cases were cured and discharged, including 17 from Hong Kong, China, 2 from the United States, 2 from Taiwan Province, 1 from Ghana, 1 from Singapore, 1 from Canada, 1 from Japan and 1 from the United Arab Emirates.

　　Case 1, a China resident, started from Hong Kong and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 1, 2022. After entering the customs, he was kept in isolated observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 2, a native of China, worked in Hong Kong, set out from Hong Kong and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 4, 2022. After entering the customs, he was placed in centralized isolation and observed, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 3 and Case 4, all of whom are China nationals and temporarily reside in Hong Kong, started from Hong Kong and took the same flight. They arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 4, 2022, and were kept in isolated observation immediately after entering the customs, during which symptoms appeared. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 5, a Japanese national, worked in Japan, set out from Japan and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 4, 2022. After entering the customs, he was kept in isolated observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 6, a China citizen who lives in Hong Kong temporarily, started from Hong Kong and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on February 26th, 2022. After entering the customs, he was placed under centralized isolation observation. Before the isolation was lifted, he was sent to a designated medical institution for isolation investigation. After consultation by the expert group, it was diagnosed as a confirmed case by comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging examination results.

　　Case 7, a native of China, visited relatives in the United States, set out from the United States and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 5, 2022. After entering the customs, he was kept in isolated observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 8, a native of China, studied in Hong Kong, set out from Hong Kong and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 5, 2022. After entering the customs, he was put under centralized isolation observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 9, a China resident, started from Hong Kong and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 6, 2022. After entering the customs, he was kept in isolated observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 10, a native of China, worked in Japan, set out from Japan and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 8, 2022. After entering the customs, he was put under centralized isolation observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 11, a native of China, worked in Germany, set out from Germany and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 8, 2022. After entering the customs, he was placed in centralized isolation and observed, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 12, a China citizen, worked in Israel, started from Israel and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 9, 2022. Due to symptoms, she was sent to a designated medical institution for quarantine observation. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Case 13, a native of China, worked in Papua New Guinea, departed from Papua New Guinea, transited through Australia, and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 9, 2022. After entering the customs, he was kept in isolated observation, during which he developed symptoms. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as confirmed cases.

　　Thirteen confirmed cases imported from abroad have been transferred to designated medical institutions for treatment, and 190 people who have been in close contact with the flight have been tracked, and centralized isolation observation has been implemented.

　　March 12, 2022 0— At 24: 00, there was a new case of asymptomatic imported infection in Shanghai.

　　The asymptomatic infected person, a China citizen, studied in Hong Kong, set out from Hong Kong and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on March 8, 2022. After entering the customs, he was placed in centralized isolation and observed, during which routine nucleic acid tests were abnormal. After investigation, the results of Covid-19 nucleic acid test in the District CDC were positive. Comprehensive epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging results, etc., were diagnosed as asymptomatic infection.

　　The imported asymptomatic infected person has been transferred to designated medical institutions for medical observation, and 26 people who have been in close contact with the flight have been tracked, and centralized isolation observation has been implemented.

　　March 12, 2022 0— At 24: 00, Shanghai released medical observation on 11 imported asymptomatic infected people.

　　By 24: 00 on March 12, 2022, 432 cases were diagnosed locally, 385 cases were cured and discharged, 40 cases were treated in hospital and 7 cases died. There are 0 suspected cases to be investigated.

　　By 24: 00 on March 12, 2022, there were 4,329 confirmed cases imported from abroad, 3,728 cases were discharged and 601 cases were treated in hospital. There are 4 suspected cases to be investigated.

　　As of 24: 00 on March 12, 2022, there were 686 asymptomatic infected people under medical observation, including 512 asymptomatic infected people in China and 174 asymptomatic infected people imported from abroad.

　　(Headquarters reporter Wang Dianjia Yang Jing)

CCTV News:A few days ago, the the State Council executive meeting deployed a package of policies and measures to speed up economic stabilization, which came into effect to help enterprises tide over the difficulties and protect people’s livelihood. Since late May, many places have intensively released a series of measures to promote consumption, covering online and offline consumption scenarios. Insiders pointed out that with the obvious effect of epidemic prevention and control, various policies will gradually become effective, and the "fireworks gas" of economic and social development is gradually returning.

In Chengdu, Sichuan, coupons with a total face value of 240 million yuan are being distributed, and the first round of 660,000 coupons have been collected.

Hainan Sanya Wenlv and Commercial Department jointly launched a series of preferential products and issued coupons with more than 100 enterprises, and major duty-free shops also launched a series of promotional activities, which attracted many customers to buy.

In addition, Taiyuan, Shanxi invested 420 million yuan to issue coupons, Guizhou started to issue 140 million yuan of coupons for retail culture, sports and catering, and Qingdao, Xiangtan and other places also issued coupons of 10 million yuan during the Dragon Boat Festival. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and other places have even introduced supporting policies on promoting automobile consumption and replacing old appliances with new ones to meet the consumer demand of citizens.

Shanghai has launched 50 measures in eight aspects to speed up economic recovery and revitalization. Among them, strong measures such as vigorously promoting the recovery of consumption, introducing new non-operating bus license quotas, providing subsidies for the purchase of pure electric vehicles, and implementing the old-for-new plan for home appliances.

Beijing has issued 45 measures to stabilize growth in six aspects, which will accelerate the recovery of bulk consumption and new consumption and tap consumption potential more vigorously. Before the end of 2022, the maximum subsidy for eligible "trade-in" new energy vehicles will not exceed 10,000 yuan per vehicle.

Shenzhen issued 30 measures to promote the sustainable recovery of consumption, in terms of consumer electronics and household appliances, 5-mdash; During August, the purchase of qualified related products will be subsidized according to 15% of the sales price, with a cumulative maximum of 2,000 yuan per person. Many merchants also superimposed promotional activities, and the sales volume of offline stores in Huaqiang North and other business districts continued to climb.

Experts pointed out that multiple rounds of consumer vouchers and digital RMB issuance are driving the growth of online and offline consumer users and transaction amount, and the "fireworks" of social and economic development is gradually returning.

CCTV News:On February 5th, News Network reported the development of e-commerce logistics and the supply of bulk commodities in China in January 2024. In 2023, the execution amount of service outsourcing contracts in China achieved double growth, and the main economic indicators of the machinery industry grew steadily. Combined with the latest news released in recent days in finance, transportation and optimization of business environment, groups of data outlined a vivid picture of high-quality development, reflecting the strong pulse and surging vitality of China economy.　　　　

The People’s Bank of China lowered the RRR by 0.5 percentage point and released liquidity of 1 trillion yuan.

On February 5th, the People’s Bank of China lowered the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions by 0.5 percentage point, which is what we often call "RRR reduction". The deposit reserve ratio means that banks turn over the absorbed deposits to the central bank in a certain proportion to ensure financial security. After the RRR cut, the deposit paid by the bank is less, and the money in hand is more. According to estimates, if the RRR is lowered by 0.5 percentage points, banks will have 1 trillion yuan of low-cost funds in their hands. A number of banks also stated that they should transmit this benefit to the loan as soon as possible.

The RRR cut policy will be implemented before the Spring Festival, which can also better meet the capital needs of banks during the Spring Festival.

CCTV reporter Wang Lei:After the downward adjustment, the weighted average deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions is about 7%. It is worth noting that the previous RRR cuts were basically adjusted by 0.25 percentage points, but this time the downward adjustment reached 0.5 percentage points, which exceeded the general expectations of the market.

Many experts believe that there will be a big gap in liquidity in the banking system before the Spring Festival due to factors such as centralized cash withdrawal by residents and enterprises and long holidays. The central bank’s RRR cut policy was laid out in advance, which can meet the liquidity demand during the Spring Festival and effectively promote the smooth operation of the financial market.

Dong Ximiao, Principal Investigator of Zhaolian:At the beginning of the year, especially before the Spring Festival, banks were guided to increase credit supply by a large margin, which fully reflected the determination of the People’s Bank of China to increase efforts to support the recovery of the real economy and was conducive to boosting the confidence of various business entities.　

This RRR cut has given banks about 1 trillion yuan more long-term funds. Many banks, such as China Agricultural Bank, China Bank and China Construction Bank, indicated that they would use these funds to further increase their support for the real economy and increase credit supply in key areas such as farmers’ loans, rural construction, real estate market, advanced manufacturing industry and private enterprises.

China has achieved remarkable results in optimizing the business environment.

On February 5, the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission introduced that China adhered to the problem orientation, accelerated the reform of key areas and key links, and achieved remarkable results in optimizing the business environment.

In improving the level of marketization, the state has issued anti-monopoly supporting regulations and law enforcement guidelines in key areas, and carried out special treatment of outstanding problems in the field of bidding and tendering for engineering construction; Establish mechanisms such as investment and loan linkage pilot cooperation to expand the space for private investment; Introduce preferential tax and fee policies to effectively reduce operating costs such as corporate financing and tax burden.

In improving the level of rule of law, the state has cancelled and adjusted 33 fines and vigorously rectified illegal fees charged by enterprises; Promote the administrative adjudication of major patent infringement disputes and protect the legitimate rights and interests of business entities according to law.

In terms of improving the level of internationalization, China has implemented the strategy of upgrading the free trade pilot zone and piloted the docking of international high-standard economic and trade rules; Hengqin Guangdong-Macao Deep Cooperation Zone will relax market access and further increase efforts to attract foreign investment; Customs optimizes business environment and promotes customs clearance facilitation.　

In terms of improving the level of government services, the state has expanded the application scope of electronic business licenses, launched 109 specific measures of "facilitating taxation", and promoted the "transfer with mortgage" of real estate; The nationwide telegraph installation has achieved zero door-to-door, zero approval and zero investment service coverage, saving power users more than 200 billion yuan in investment.

China will accelerate the construction of a unified national market.

According to the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission, China will speed up the construction of a unified national market and create a stable, fair, transparent and predictable business environment.

From the standpoint of legislation, China has comprehensively revised the new version of the negative list of market access, and the basic system of the market has become more unified; Nearly 90% of the national expressway service areas have built reserved charging parking spaces, and the online trading service platform of the national land secondary market has been put into operation, making the market facilities more efficient and connected.

From a broken point of view, in view of improper intervention in the construction of a unified national market, China has established a rectification and typical case interview notification system; Organize all localities to clean up the prescribed practices that hinder the construction of a unified market and fair competition, and promote the special rectification of improper market intervention in the fields of engineering construction and bidding.

The total business volume index of e-commerce logistics reached a new high of nearly two years.

China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing announced on February 5th that in January, the logistics index of e-commerce in China was 112.8 points, 0.4 percentage points higher than that of the previous month.

From the sub-index, the strong demand for e-commerce logistics has led to a significant rebound in the total business volume index. In January, the total business volume index of e-commerce logistics reached 125.3 points, a record high of nearly two years. The business volume index of rural e-commerce logistics stopped falling and rebounded, increasing by 1.3 points over the previous month, and rose to above 129 points again, maintaining a high operation. Local specialty foods have become the mainstream of new year goods, and fresh e-commerce has become one of the main channels for consumers to purchase new year goods with the rapid development of instant retail.

In addition, the personnel index stopped falling and rebounded, and the actual load rate index exceeded 117 points for the first time, hitting a record high, that is, the efficiency of matching goods with trucks was higher, and the adaptability of e-commerce logistics supply system to market demand was significantly enhanced.

In January, the growth rate of commodity supply accelerated and sales increased.

China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing also announced that the commodity index of China in January was 101.1%, up 0.4 percentage points from last month. In terms of sub-items, China’s commodity supply index was 101.4% in January, up 1.1 percentage points from the previous month, and the growth rate of commodity supply accelerated. In January, the sales index of bulk commodities was 100.6%. Among the main commodities, the sales of iron ore, raw coal, non-ferrous metals and chemicals continued to increase.

In 2023, the execution amount of service outsourcing contracts in China will double.

According to the data released by the Ministry of Commerce, in 2023, the contract value of service outsourcing undertaken by Chinese enterprises was 2,866.6 billion yuan, and the execution amount was 1,959.1 billion yuan, up by 17.6% and 18.6% respectively. Among them, offshore service outsourcing services such as new energy technology research and development services, inspection and testing services, and vehicle maintenance services have grown rapidly.

The main economic indicators of China’s machinery industry have grown steadily.

According to the latest data released by China Machinery Industry Federation on February 5, the added value of machinery industry increased by 8.7% year-on-year in 2023, which was 4.1 percentage points higher than the national industrial growth rate. By the end of 2023, the number of enterprises above designated size in the machinery industry had reached 121,000, an increase of 10,000 over the previous year.

In January, the freight transported by trains in the western land and sea new passage increased by 39% year-on-year

In January this year, 80,000 TEUs were transported by rail-sea combined transport in the new land-sea corridor in the west, up 39% year-on-year, and the number of transported goods increased from more than 50 in the past to more than 980 now. At present, the new land-sea passage in the west has been expanded from the initial cooperation between Chongqing and Guangxi provinces to the cooperation of 18 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China, and the transportation network covers 473 ports in 120 countries and regions around the world.

The the State Council Security Committee deployed a three-year campaign to tackle the root cause of production safety.

The the State Council Safety Committee recently deployed various regions, relevant departments and units to carry out a three-year campaign to tackle the root causes of production safety, and to carry out "eight major actions" such as safety education and training for the main persons in charge of production and business units and dynamic clearing of hidden dangers of major accidents, so as to promote the stable situation of production safety throughout the country and effectively curb the frequent occurrence of serious production safety accidents.

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, December 12 (Reporter Shendyapin) On December 12, at the press conference held by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on "Giving full play to the role of national high-tech zones to accelerate new industrialization", Wu Jiaxi, deputy director of the Planning Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, introduced that by November 2023, the total number of national high-tech industrial development zones (hereinafter referred to as "national high-tech zones") had reached 178, and 23 countries had built their own independence based on 66 national high-tech zones.

　　According to the deployment requirements of the Party and State Institutional Reform Plan, the function of the Ministry of Science and Technology to guide the construction of national high-tech zones and self-created zones has been transferred to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The National New Industrialization Promotion Conference held in September this year put forward clear requirements for giving full play to the important carrier and engine role of high-tech zones and other parks.

　　Wu Jiaxi introduced that since its establishment 35 years ago, the National High-tech Zone has adhered to the initial mission of "developing high technology and realizing industrialization", done well the two articles of "high" and "new", embarked on a road of high-tech industrialization with China characteristics, and has become an important innovation source, an experimental field for institutional mechanism reform, an important carrier for high-growth enterprises and high-end industrial agglomeration in China, making important contributions to China’s high-quality development.

　　He pointed out that in recent years, national high-tech zones have continuously deepened reform and exploration, promoted the docking of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and rapidly improved their comprehensive strength, laying a solid foundation for promoting new industrialization at a high level in the new era.

　　First, give play to the leading role of high-quality development and become an important engine for stable economic growth. In 2022, the GDP of national high-tech zones reached 17.3 trillion yuan, creating 14.3% of the national GDP and contributing 13.6% of the national tax revenue. From January to September 2023, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the park reached 12.33 trillion yuan, a nominal increase of 7.11% year-on-year.

　　The second is to cultivate and expand high-tech industrial clusters, which has become an important cornerstone to ensure the safety of the industrial chain supply chain. The scale of Zhongguancun’s next-generation information technology, Wuhan Donghu optoelectronics and Zhangjiang integrated circuit industry accounted for 17%, 50% and 35% of the country respectively. Supported the construction of 38 national advanced manufacturing clusters, gathering 1/3 of high-tech enterprises and 2/3 of listed enterprises in science and technology innovation board.

　　The third is to strengthen the source of innovation and the breakthrough of key core technologies, which has become a strong support for high-level science and technology to stand on its own feet. From the base platform, the National High-tech Zone has gathered nearly 80% national key laboratories, 70% national manufacturing innovation centers and 78% national technological innovation centers. From the perspective of R&D investment, the R&D investment of enterprises in national high-tech zones exceeds one trillion yuan, accounting for nearly half of the national R&D investment. From the output of achievements, the invention patents owned by enterprises in national high-tech zones account for nearly half of the country; A number of leading original achievements such as intelligent robots and satellite navigation have accelerated industrialization in high-tech zones, and the first artificial intelligence chip and the first quantum communication satellite were born in high-tech zones.

　　The fourth is to enhance the role of radiation and become the main position to implement the major national and regional strategies. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have gathered a quarter of the national high-tech zones. The coverage rate of national high-tech zones in prefecture-level cities in the eastern region has reached 71%, and the coverage rate of prefecture-level cities in the central region has reached 59%.

　　Wu Jiaxi said that in the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will implement the deployment of the National New Industrialization Promotion Conference, adhere to inheritance, consolidation and innovative development, always adhere to the initial mission of "developing high technology and realizing industrialization", further focus on the national strategic needs, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, cultivate new industries with new technologies, lead industrial upgrading, foster new kinetic energy for development, accelerate the formation of new quality productivity, and contribute more "high-tech" forces to promoting Chinese modernization.

The Indian military research institute exhibited a self-developed full-scale model of the "loyal wingman" stealth drone at this air show, which reflected the ambition of the Indian aviation industry.

On February 3rd, Bangalore Aerospace Exhibition (India Air Show) was held at Yelahanka Air Force Base. Indian Defense Minister Rajnath Singh attended the opening ceremony.

Although the epidemic in India is still raging, the United States and Russia have sent a large lineup of exhibitors for the potential large orders of the Indian Air Force, and they have all produced a variety of advanced fighters. This year’s air show attracted more than 600 exhibitors, including 78 foreign exhibitors. It is worth mentioning that the US bomber B-1B flew from South Dakota for 26 hours and arrived at the air show in Bangalore, India. Accompanied by an LCA fighter of the Indian Air Force, it passed the field at low altitude.

Warrior UAV adopts stealth design, and its shape is very similar to that of American Valkyria and Loyal Wingman.

For huge orders, the United States and Russia showed advanced fighters regardless of the epidemic.

According to the "India Times" reported on February 3, at the opening ceremony of the air show that day, The representative of the United States said at the press conference that Washington suggested that the Indian Air Force purchase American fighters, and the optional models include F-18, F-15 and F-16 (the United States later gave the specific number F-21).

The representative of the United States said that it is possible that the United States will produce American fighters in India as part of the "Made in India" plan. The representative of the United States also said that India is an important defense partner of Washington and the two sides will continue to cooperate to strengthen security in the Asia-Pacific region. The representative also said that Washington knew about India’s purchase of Russian-made S-400 air defense missile system and had asked India to abandon the deal, but the United States would consider this issue separately.

In June 2017, during the Paris Air Show in France, Lockheed Martin, an American military enterprise, announced that it had signed an agreement with India’s Tata Group to produce the F-16 Block70 in India at the Paris Air Show. India and the United States signed an agreement with a total value of over 10 billion US dollars, which became a heavy news during the air show and triggered a heated discussion. However, due to technology transfer, funds and other issues, the plan for the United States and India to jointly produce the improved F-16 has not yet landed. India plans to buy 114 multi-role fighters, with a budget allocation of about $17 billion. Several rounds of bidding have been conducted, but there has been no result. American F-16, Russian MIG -35, French Gust and Swedish Gryphon all participated in the bidding.

In recent years, the defense relationship between the United States and India has been deepening. Not only have high-level joint military exercises been conducted frequently, but the United States has also sold more and more advanced weapons to India. In the past 12 years, the United States has provided India with more than $18 billion in weapons and equipment, mainly including P-8 anti-submarine patrol aircraft, C-17 large transport aircraft, MH-60 anti-submarine helicopter, AH-64 armed helicopter and large-caliber artillery. At present, the United States has become the second largest exporter of weapons to India after Russia. According to the data at the end of 2018, Russia accounts for about 65% of India’s arms imports, the United States accounts for about 15%, and Israel accounts for about 11%.

F-16 is the third-generation fighter with the largest number of production in the world, and it is still in production today. With the expansion of the stealth fighter in the United States, the demand for the third-generation fighter is gradually decreasing. Transferring the F-16 production line to India can further extract the surplus value of the fighter and earn more money, and further deepen the defense cooperation between the two countries.

In addition to the F-16, the United States also actively promoted the F/A-18 carrier-based fighter to India. In August last year, the US F/A-18 carrier-based fighter successfully carried out the ground takeoff test, which proved to India that the aircraft can take off in the Indian Navy. At present, India has an aircraft carrier "Vikla Matia", and the aircraft carrier "Viklandt" is scheduled to enter the train next year. Both aircraft carriers take off in a skid mode, and the carrier aircraft is a Russian MIG -29. India has purchased 45 MIG-29s in total, but the performance of the aircraft is not good after being equipped in India, and the intact rate is less than 50%. So far, six MIG-29s have crashed. In this regard, the Indian Navy can be said to be "suffering", and the performance of domestic LCA carrier aircraft cannot meet the demand, and MIG-29s can only make do with it. Now, with the deepening of the defense relationship between the United States and India, the choice of carrier aircraft has increased by one.

The F/A-18 carrier-based fighter successfully carried out the ground takeoff test.

As India’s largest supplier of weapons, Russia also sent a core lineup to participate in this air show. Among them, the full-scale model of Su -57E fighter made its debut at the Indian Air Show.

Su -57 is the latest fifth-generation multi-role fighter developed by Russia. The fighter adopts stealth design and composite materials, and its weapons will include hypersonic missiles. The Su -57 prototype made its first flight in 2010, and the first mass production machine was delivered to the army in December 2020. Russia decided to purchase 76 Su-57s and equip three aviation regiments before 2027. Su -57E is the export model of Su -57, which made its debut at the Moscow Air Show in 2019. Its target customers include several Russian traditional fighter sales customers such as India, Vietnam, Indonesia and Algeria.

Victor Kladov, director of international cooperation and regional policy of Russian National Technology Group, said on February 1st that many foreign customers showed great interest in Russian foreign trade weapon Su -57E fifth-generation fighter. "This fighter has aroused great interest in many countries because of its unique combat performance and flight characteristics," Kladov said.

India has reached an agreement with Russia to jointly manufacture FGFA fighters based on Su -57 fighters. In 2007, India and Russia agreed to jointly manufacture FGFA fighters, and signed a cooperation agreement in 2010. In 2018, a senior Indian Defense Ministry official revealed that India will withdraw from the FGFA cooperation project that started 11 years ago. It is said that the FGFA project ended because the two sides have differences in research and development costs and technical capabilities.

Full-scale model of Su -57E fighter.

FGFA is actually an export version of Su -57, but some changes have been made according to the needs of India. At present, the fifth-generation aircraft that India is expected to acquire are only Russian products, the American F-22 is not for sale, and the F-35 has not been exported to India. Moreover, there are many orders for the F-35 from project partners and American allies. Even if the export is agreed, it is unlikely that India will equip the F-35 in the next few years.

Despite the twists and turns, the Su -57 was officially delivered to the troops last year, which is of great significance to this project. With the increase of stealth fighters in India’s neighboring countries, India is likely to buy Su -57 fighters again.

In addition, the close defense cooperation between India and Russia is also an important reason why India chose Su -57. More than 70% of the weapons of the Indian armed forces are Soviet-Russian products, and Russian equipment accounts for 80% of Indian combat aircraft, including Su -30MKI, MIG -29 multi-function fighter and Mi -17 military transport helicopter. Since India put forward the "Made in India" plan in 2014, Russia and India have implemented more than 200 joint projects under this framework.

India’s NG-CCM new generation fighting bomb displayed with Warrior UAV.

Following the military frontier technology, the Indian version of "loyal wingman" appeared.

In recent years, the UAV named "loyal wingman" has become a popular equipment in the field of UAV development. The concept of "loyal wingman" was first put forward by the United States in 2015. Subsequently, Russia, Australia, Britain and other countries also launched their own versions of "loyal wingman" drones.

Literally, the "loyal wingman" UAV mainly plays the role of wingman, has autonomous combat capability, can effectively integrate with manned fighters, complete coordinated operations, and improve operational efficiency. The specific operational roles of the "loyal wingman" drone are: acting as a weapon launching platform and launching attacks on targets designated by manned pilots; Strike the target set perceived by the drone; Attract anti-aircraft fire for manned aircraft and destroy threatening targets; Implement anti-interference outside the area; As an information fusion node of ISR.

Valkyria UAV developed by the US Air Force.

There are three main types of "loyal wingman" drones: one is modified from manned fighters; The other is a newly developed UAV. Some high-end UAVs generally adopt stealth design, and some low-end UAVs adopt non-stealth design. The "loyal wingman" drone sacrifices itself when necessary to ensure the safety of manned aircraft, so it is also fully considered in terms of cost and belongs to a product that can be quickly consumed. The "loyal wingman" who cooperates with the fifth-generation aircraft generally adopts stealth design, such as the American XQ-58A and the Russian "Grom".

The XQ-58A "Valkyria" UAV prototype completed its first flight in March 2019. It was jointly developed by the US Air Force Research Laboratory and Karatos UAV Systems Company, with a length of 9.14 meters and an internal bomb bay capable of carrying 272 kilograms of payload. It was mainly designed to cooperate with F-22, F-35 and other manned stealth fighters. The "Grom" UAV designed by Kronstadt Company of Russia was announced for the first time at the 6th International Military and Technical Forum held in August 2020. Airborne weapons, including laser-guided bombs, TV-guided bombs and air-to-ground missiles, were also displayed with the UAV. From the appearance, the stealth UAV is similar to the American XQ-58A UAV, both of which adopt a diamond nose and a backpack inlet.

The "Grom" UAV can carry a variety of precision guided munitions.

At this air show, the Indian military industrial organization also demonstrated the Indian version of the "Loyalty Wingman" drone. Hindustan Aviation Co., Ltd. (HAL) first demonstrated the full-scale Warrior UAV model. The aircraft was developed within the framework of AMCA battle plan, which has been implemented for about five years. In addition, India’s Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Aviation Development Agency (ADA) launched the dual-engine carrier aircraft (TEDBF) program.

From the appearance, the UAV is very similar to Boeing’s "loyal wingman". It adopts stealth design, the inlet is located above the fuselage, the cross section of the fuselage is irregular and polygonal, and the tail nozzle is stealth-treated, which can greatly weaken the radar reflection signal and infrared characteristics. The power system consists of two small turbojet or turbofan engines, which can ensure the UAV to fly at high subsonic speed.

In the vision of the Indian military industry organization, Warrior UAV can cooperate with the domestic AMCA fifth-generation fighter to keep up with the transformation of the combat style of the world-class air force. However, it is one thing to make a model, and it is one thing to really develop a reliable real machine. In the past, Indian military institutions often showed various advanced fighter models at air shows, but few of them were really developed successfully. AMCA’s fifth-generation fighter model has appeared for nearly 10 years, but the project has not been officially launched so far.

I. Meaning of price level?

The price level of a society is determined by the average price of the whole society, not the price of a certain item or a certain category of goods. It is a very important indicator to measure the market consumption capacity and analyze its economic situation. At the same time, it also represents the middle value of the common labor income of material producers in the whole society, so the price level is not determined by individuals or individual groups, but by the labor productivity of the whole society. ????

Two, the price level measurement index and legal accounting institutions

The most commonly used Consumer Price Index (CPI) in the international community, also known as consumer price index (CPI), is used as an indicator to measure the price level. The National Bureau of Statistics mainly investigates the consumer prices of residents, which are divided into eight categories: food, alcohol, tobacco, clothing, housing, daily necessities and services, transportation and communication, education, culture and entertainment, medical care, and prices of other goods and services. The National Bureau of Statistics announces the CPI increase level last month every month, which is the change of price level. The consumer price index (CPI) of our city is legally counted by the Qinzhou investigation team of the National Bureau of Statistics. ????

Third, the significance of price level accounting?

Measuring the price level of a region mainly depends on the change of CPI. CPI is an important economic indicator reflecting the changes in the price level of consumer goods and services related to residents’ lives, and it is also an important indicator of macroeconomic analysis and decision-making and national economic accounting. Generally speaking, the level of CPI directly affects the introduction and strength of the country’s macroeconomic regulation and control measures, and is the direction standard of market price regulation. ????

Four, the basic situation of the current price level in our city and the comparison with other places.?

（一）、我市物价水平基本情况。据国家统计局钦州调查队调查统计，?1—5月份，各月CPI同比涨幅分别为0.7%、1.8%、1.4%、2.1%、2.0%?；1-5月（CPI）同比累计上涨1.6%。统计数据显示，我市物价水平处于温和上涨区间，比年初市政府制定的3%以内控制目标低1.4个百分点，居民消费价格指数涨幅处在可控范围之内。????

（二）、我市物价水平与各地对比。我市1-5月（CPI）同比累计上涨1.6%。①与全国平均水平及北上广三个城市平均水平相比。比全国平均水平2.1 %低0.5个百分点；比北京市平均水平1.3%高0.3个百分点，比上海市平均水平3.1%低1.5个百分点，比广州市平均水平2.8%低1.2个百分点；②与广西壮族自治区平均水平及毗邻地区相比。比广西壮族自治区平均水平2.2 %低0.6个百分点，比毗邻地区的南宁市1.9%低0.3个百分点，比北海市的1.7%低0.1个百分点，比防城港市的1.0%高0.6个百分点，在广西壮族自治区14个设区市中，我市CPI同比涨幅排名第九位居中下水平。由此可见，我市的物价处于中等水平。????

5. Why do residents in our city feel that prices are higher at present????

1. The price of food has increased significantly, which is deeply felt by residents. ????

From the eight categories of prices that constitute the consumer price index (CPI), from January to May, the eight categories of prices showed a trend of "five rises and three falls", and the prices of food, tobacco, alcohol, clothing, daily necessities and services, education, culture, entertainment and medical care increased by 5.5%, 2.4%, 1.3%, 2.5% and 0.7% respectively. Obviously, food prices are leading the way. The daily necessities that residents contact most are food, especially during the strong cold weather attack and the Spring Festival at the beginning of this year, the prices of pork and vegetables climbed to a record high, and the prices in residents’ "food baskets" felt heavy, which also affected consumers’ psychology. ????

At present, the price of food, which mainly drives the increase of CPI, is affected by the government’s macro-control, and the increase of pork price will gradually narrow and is expected to stabilize; After the Spring Festival, with the warmer weather, the climate is relatively stable, seasonal fresh vegetables are on the market, the market supply is gradually increasing, and the price of vegetables has dropped significantly compared with the previous period. Since mid-March, the vegetable market price has started to show a downward trend. At present, the local leafy vegetables prices are between 2-3 yuan/500g, and the price has dropped by 10% compared with the previous period.

2. The public has a vague concept of price level. People have a misunderstanding. When they see the price of a certain commodity is high, they say that the price level is high, and they don’t understand or understand the meaning of the price level enough. For example, the price of pig’s foot powder, which belongs to the market-adjusted price, was 7-8 yuan per bowl in the previous two years. Now, due to the rising labor costs and raw material prices, the price of pig’s foot powder has increased to 9 yuan, and some consumers only see the price increase of pig’s foot powder, which is a fuzzy measure of the high market price level. For example, in the past two years, the prices of household appliances, mobile phones, daily industrial products, industrial means of production and real estate in the market have all fallen to varying degrees, which has played a pulling role in the price level and some consumers have ignored it. This is a manifestation of the vague understanding of the concept of price level. ????

6. Why do you feel that the prices in small cities are higher than those in big cities???

1. From the consumption level. Everyone’s income level is different, and their tolerance for prices is also different. High-income groups such as big enterprises, big groups, big finance, big consortia, central enterprises and state-owned enterprises are concentrated in big cities, while the industrial capacity of small cities is not strong, and high-income groups are mainly civil servants and state-owned enterprises and institutions, which also causes residents to feel different about price changes. For example, the price of a bowl of beef powder was originally sold in 8 yuan, but later it was sold to 10 yuan because of the rising labor costs and raw material prices. The consumer groups in big cities are not very strong, but they feel differently in small cities. ??

2. From the point of view of competition. Big cities have a large population, a large flow of people and a large consumption of goods. Full market competition will improve efficiency and lower prices. For example, if you sell beef powder, you can sell 500 Jin a day in a big city, but you may only sell 50 Jin in a small city. Selling 500 Jin to earn one yuan will be very impressive. Because of market competition, it will not be a big loss to make another Jin to earn 0.9 yuan. If a small city sells 50 kilograms, it is estimated that it can still make a living if it earns one yuan per kilogram. If it makes a profit again, it is estimated that it is difficult to make a living in 0.9 yuan. In addition, small cities generally have so-called "general agents" and other agents, and the formed commodity prices may not necessarily reflect the fully competitive market prices. ????

3. From the perspective of supply. In big cities, industries, manufacturing, commodities and services are relatively developed, and the supply is relatively sufficient, while in small cities, there is a structural shortage. For example, basic consumer goods, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar may not be much more expensive in small cities than in big cities. Because the local property or production area is close and the labor cost is low, it may be cheaper. In big cities, there are many brands and wide choices, and the competition between manufacturers and merchants is fierce, which may lead to the price of some necessities being lower than that in small cities.

4. From the perspective of logistics cost. The demand for goods in big cities is large, the logistics cost is relatively low, and the price will naturally be low. The logistics cost from big cities to small cities will be attached to the selling price of goods, and the price in small cities will naturally be higher. ??

The above reasons will lead to lower prices in big cities than in small cities, and the feeling that prices in small cities are higher than in big cities will arise. ????

Seven, the price department to regulate and supervise the market price measures.

With the development of market economy, the scope of government pricing has gradually decreased. Except for a few commodities, more than 95% of commodity prices are mainly formed by market mechanism. So does the price department need not care about the market price? That’s not true. The following are the main measures taken by the price authorities to regulate and supervise the price level:

1. Implement the duties entrusted to us by the Price Law. According to the fourth chapter of "Price Law", "Regulation of General Price Level" clearly stipulates. ????

Article 26 Stabilizing the overall market price level is an important macroeconomic policy goal of the state. According to the needs of national economic development and social affordability, the state determines the goal of regulating the overall market price level, which is included in the national economic and social development plan, and comprehensively applies policies and measures in the fields of currency, finance, investment, import and export to achieve it. ????

Article 27 The government may establish an important commodity reserve system, set up a price adjustment fund, regulate prices and stabilize the market. ????

Twenty-eighth in order to meet the needs of price regulation and management, the government price department should establish a price monitoring system to monitor the changes in the prices of important commodities and services. ????

Article 29 When the market purchase price of grain and other important agricultural products is too low, the government can implement protective prices in the purchase and take corresponding economic measures to ensure their realization. ????

Article 30 When the prices of important commodities and services have risen significantly or are likely to rise significantly, the people’s governments of the State Council and provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may take intervention measures such as limiting the price difference rate or profit rate, setting price limits, implementing a price increase declaration system and a price adjustment filing system.

The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall report to the State Council for the record if they take the intervention measures specified in the preceding paragraph. ????

Article 31 When the general market price level is in an abnormal state such as violent fluctuation, the State Council may take emergency measures such as temporarily centralizing pricing authority or partially or completely freezing prices nationwide or in some regions. ????

Article 32 After the circumstances of implementing intervention measures and emergency measures in accordance with the provisions of Articles 30 and 31 of this Law are eliminated, the intervention measures and emergency measures shall be lifted in time. ????

2 actively implement the regulatory objectives set by the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress. On February 27th, 2016, the third meeting of the Presidium of the Seventh Session of the Fourth People’s Congress of Qinzhou adopted the Report of the Financial and Economic Committee of the Fourth People’s Congress of Qinzhou on the Review Results of the Implementation of the National Economic and Social Development Plan in 2015 and the Draft National Economic and Social Development Plan in 2016, which made it clear that the increase of the overall consumer price level in Qinzhou in 2016 should be controlled within 3%. That is to say, if the price level in our city is higher than 3%, intervention measures shall be taken in accordance with the provisions of the Price Law. ????

3. Start the emergency plan for the sale of affordable goods. According to Article 13 of the Measures for the Administration of Fair-price Stores of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: In any of the following circumstances, the competent price department shall negotiate with the operators and put forward a plan for the sale of fair-price goods in conjunction with the financial department, which will be implemented after being approved by the people’s government at the same level: (1) The monthly year-on-year increase in the overall consumer price level reaches or exceeds the government’s annual price control target; (two) in each district and city as a unit, based on the monthly increase of CPI, when the year-on-year increase of CPI in each district and city reaches or exceeds 3% for three consecutive months; (3) The month-on-month increase in food prices exceeded 15%; (4) Pork prices rose by more than 10% month-on-month or accumulated by more than 15% for two consecutive months; (five) the price of vegetables increased by more than 20% year-on-year; (six) according to the market situation to determine other circumstances that may cause abnormal price fluctuations.

4. Strengthen market price supervision, and seriously investigate and deal with price violations such as price gouging, price collusion and hoarding. If there is a phenomenon of "high-priced shrimp and high-priced fish", it will not be tolerated and severely investigated. ????

　　【Editor’s note]

　　How much do you know about the Spring Festival?

　　Standing at the beginning of 2019, which is changing at a second speed, we ask an "old-fashioned" question. As many people know, there are various manners and customs in the Spring Festival, such as endless dinners and parties that can’t be pushed off, and the resulting nostalgia and social embarrassment … …

　　But you know what? The Spring Festival is not only a festival, but also contains social changes, economic development, and every tiny change you bring. On February 4, 2019, Zhongxin.com launched a series of planning "Do you know the Spring Festival", trying to outline the great changes in China’s social landscape through the little changes you and I have made in the Spring Festival.

　　Chinanews. com client Beijing, February 4 th:[Do you know the Spring Festival]How many stories and emotions does Chinese have to eat this meal every year?

　　Author: Yuan Xiuyue

　　For Chinese, the Spring Festival is the most grand festival of the year. After a busy year, people stopped to have a rest. Mary, Vivian and David from Beishangguang went home one after another and became Cui Hua, Dani and Ergouzi. As Lu Xun said, even in the sky, there is a weather that will come to the New Year.

　　Chinese pays special attention to eating. The most ceremonial thing in the Spring Festival is the New Year’s Eve. The whole family get together neatly, watch the Spring Festival Gala while eating, and then give out red envelopes and say something auspicious to win a good title for the coming year. This meal not only has delicious food, but also carries many stories and emotions, as well as decades of changes.

　　Everything can be bought at the door.

　　Although old Shanghai is a "ten-mile foreign market", the customs of the New Year have always been very traditional and particular. It is said that Shanghainese will eat some delicious foods, such as peanuts (longevity fruit), egg dumplings (gold ingot), baked bran (homophonic) and wonton (gold ingot).

　　As the saying goes: "It’s spring in the first month of the New Year, and farmers are happiest when they are ripe. After eating the rice cake, they will drink sugar tea and then eat shepherd’s purse dumplings and wonton."

　　At the beginning of the New Year’s Eve, cold dishes, such as Italian food and boiled chicken, are served first, then hot dishes, fish and shrimp, and, indispensable, soup. Chen Rongfu, 68, said that no matter what you cook, you must first prepare old duck soup and old hen soup, which are loved by adults and children.

　　Data Map: The three generations of the Chinese-born Lord Chen Zuoyi in the Kingdom of Cambodia ate "New Year’s Eve". China News Service reporter Huang Yaohui photo

　　Every year, Chen Rongfu and his wife prepare the New Year’s Eve dinner. Even if they eat it, they have to prepare 20 dishes.

　　They don’t use online shopping, and they are not used to fresh supermarkets that are fashionable among young people. Instead, they prefer to go to various vegetable markets to find the most affordable ingredients. A long time ago, they began to prepare materials for the New Year’s Eve dinner. They bought some meat today and some dry goods tomorrow. In recent years, the refrigerators have become bigger and bigger.

　　I didn’t dare to think about this before. Chen Rongfu said that before the Spring Festival, every household hung pickles, and the vegetable seller would help pickle them and hang them at home to dry, so that they wouldn’t go bad easily.

　　From 1950s to 1980s, materials were scarce, and many things were supplied by ticket. Chen Rongfu recalled that every new year, every household will have a card, and there are many people in the family, and the number will be a little more.

　　Anyone who has some fish and meat at home is usually left for guests to eat. "Someone came to be a guest, and I took all these things out of my family. Anyway, it doesn’t matter if the door is closed." Chen Rongfu said.

　　I don’t need it at all now. I string relatives during the New Year, and the dishes of every household are similar.

　　When he was young, Chen Rongfu was a sailor and drifted around all year round. At that time, the traffic was underdeveloped, the price gap between places was relatively large, and the richness of goods was also different.

　　At that time, the most common thing he did was to carry special products back from all over the country, and every time it was a big bag. But now, Chen Rongfu has long lost this habit, and everything can be bought at the door, which is not worth it.

　　The only thing that does not change on New Year’s Eve is bean buns.

　　Shexian County, Handan City, Hebei Province is located at the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain, in a mountainous area, and is rich in fruit. Zanthoxylum bungeanum, walnut and persimmon are called "Three Treasures in Shexian County". Every new year, of course, they are indispensable in the New Year’s Eve dinner.

　　In the northeast, there is a custom of eating sticky bean buns during the Spring Festival. Using yellow wheat to make the skin and wrapping it with bean stuffing made of various beans can not only resist hunger, but also have a good meaning. In Shexian County, Hebei Province, you should also eat bean bags during the New Year. But unlike the Northeast, they used to use corn flour as the skin, but now they use white flour as the skin. There are both red beans and Shexian specialties in the stuffing — — Persimmon.

　　Yang Linzhen, 61, has many years of experience in making bean curd. She said that the New Year’s Eve dinner in the village is very simple. Cook some jiaozi, stir-fry some dishes, and then steamed bread with bean curd. Before the Chinese New Year, every household should steam a lot of steamed buns and bean bags and eat them until the Lantern Festival.

　　The essence of bean curd lies in the stuffing. After persimmon is peeled, it can be made into persimmon cake, and the persimmon peel is cooked with red beans to make the stuffing of bean curd. Old people like to eat this kind of bean bag, which is soft, sweet and not greasy, and has the smell of persimmon.

　　There are many people in Yang Linzhen’s family. Every New Year, she will steam steamed buns and bean bags in the cauldron of the local stove, and she can cook fifty or sixty at a time.

　　In the past, many people planted persimmon trees at home, but in recent years, persimmon trees have become less and less. Yang Linzhen said that farming at home made less money, young people went out to work, persimmon trees were left unattended and slowly died. The persimmon that Yang Linzhen ate at home was still grafted from the black jujube tree.

　　For decades, the New Year’s Eve dinner of Yang Linzhen’s family has changed a lot, and the only constant is this bean bag.

　　Data Map: On New Year’s Eve, citizens of Huludao, Liaoning Province enjoy a sumptuous New Year’s Eve dinner with their families at home. China News Agency issued by Haiyang Photo

　　More convenient and healthy New Year’s Eve dinner

　　Another Spring Festival, Song Yun of Hebei teased himself that he was going home to lose weight. Before the Chinese New Year, their family will also prepare a lot of steamed bread, bean buns, steamed dumplings with instant noodles, and cut cakes, but more of them are meat. Chopped cubes of meat are cooked, with a layer of salt on the surface.

　　It is also popular to send meat, donkey meat, beef and mutton, pork and so on. Zhang Yun said that during the Chinese New Year, almost all people eat meat and few vegetables.

　　Therefore, every New Year, Song Yun doesn’t eat much. He will buy a box of oranges at home and finish them in a few days.

　　Zhang Yun’s father died young, and his two sisters got married one after another, leaving only him and his mother for the New Year. If these years have changed, it is that there are fewer and fewer people. At the New Year’s Eve, their home was exceptionally clean.

　　The function of the New Year’s Eve dinner is fading away, and more people are thinking about how to eat conveniently and healthily.

　　"It has been the same for more than 20 years, nothing has changed, just being a vegetarian." Meng Zhang, from Hubei, said that on New Year’s Eve in recent years, his family always prepared more vegetarian dishes. Qiu Chen of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province also said that their New Year’s Eve dinner is getting simpler and simpler. Every day, everyone is tired of eating big fish and big meat.

　　Cooking and cooking in the New Year is also a physical activity for parents. In order not to make New Year’s Eve a burden, many people are trying to find a way. In the 1990s, it became popular for people in the city to go to restaurants for New Year’s Eve dinner. In recent years, more and more families have gone out for New Year’s Eve dinner. Half a month in advance, many restaurants have been booked out for the New Year’s Eve dinner, and it is hard to find a table for popular restaurants.

　　In order to save trouble, some people buy New Year’s Eve dinner online. Online shopping for semi-finished New Year’s Eve dinner has also become a new choice for many young people after 80 s and 90 s.

　　"On this day of the Spring Festival, it is a festival, and they have to be prepared for the excitement. It’s just that when I’m old, it’s hard work to cook and cook. " A netizen bought a set of Shanghai-style New Year’s Eve dinner for his parents. He said that semi-finished dishes are convenient and can be cooked quickly, and it can save effort during the New Year.

　　Good boys don’t make money on New Year’s Eve.

　　Customs vary from place to place in Fujian Province, and New Year’s Eve is also very particular. Rice cakes, seafood, tofu and spinach are common ones. Xie Jia, a 23-year-old, said that every year during the Chinese New Year, my mother would prepare many dishes, such as braised pork, sausage, bacon, preserved duck, jiaozi and soup, which are available every year, and others would be added depending on the situation.

　　Although living conditions are better now, Xie Jia especially misses the Spring Festival when she was a child. In her memory, the New Year’s Eve dinner used to be more traditional, but now it is more casual. Although the previous New Year’s Eve dinner was not as rich as it is now, it was more grand and formal, and the annual flavor was more sufficient.

　　Chen Rongfu always misses the Spring Festival when he was a child. He said that when I was a child, the Spring Festival was like a reward. I could wear new clothes, eat delicious food, set off firecrackers and not go to school, so I looked forward to the Spring Festival every day.

　　Nowadays, children have grown up and gone out to work, and Shanghai can’t set off firecrackers casually. The New Year seems deserted. But the good news is that the material conditions are really much better.

　　When he was young, he seldom went home for the New Year. Really homesick, just sing a song to solve it. Now with the high-speed rail, the old couple can go to Beijing on business with their son. With video calling, I can meet my son every day.

　　There is an old saying in Fuzhou, Fujian — — "Good kids don’t make money" means that good kids don’t make money on New Year’s Eve. Before New Year’s Eve, Fuzhou people who are working in business will definitely go back to reunite with their families and have a New Year’s Eve dinner together. On New Year’s Eve, there will be no visits, so the whole family should get together, and we can’t have dinner if people are not together.

　　For decades, perhaps the taste of the year is not as full as before, and the New Year’s Eve dinner is also casual, but what remains unchanged is the sincerity of returning home and reuniting.

　　We no longer buy new year’s goods in big bags and small bags, because of the popularity of e-commerce, we can also buy local specialties at our doorstep; I no longer look forward to the big fish and big meat dinner once a year, because people pay more attention to how to eat healthier … …

　　It’s been a hard year. Let’s have a good meal with our family. This is the real meaning of the New Year’s Eve. (At the request of the interviewee, some characters in the text are pseudonyms) (End)

Guiding case no.77

Luo Rongrong v. Ji ‘an Price Bureau (case of price administration)

(the Supreme People’s Court Judicial Committee discussed and passed the release on December 28, 2016)

Keywords: administrative litigation/report reply/scope of accepting cases/plaintiff qualification

　　Referee points

　　1. The administrative organ only gives an informative reply to the report that has an interest with the informant, and fails to deal with the report according to the law. It does not belong to the "behavior that has no actual impact on the rights and obligations of citizens, legal persons or other organizations" as stipulated in Item 6 of Article 1 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, so it is actionable and belongs to the scope of administrative litigation of the people’s court.

　　2. Informants who report violations of their own legitimate rights and interests to administrative organs have a legal interest in the handling of reports by administrative organs, and are qualified as plaintiffs in administrative litigation.

　　Related laws and regulations

　　Articles 12 and 25 of the Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China (amended on November 1, 2014)

　　Basic facts

　　Luo Rongrong, the plaintiff, claimed that on May 20, 2012, when he handled the mobile phone number in the telecom business hall of Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji ‘an City, Ji ‘an Telecom Company charged the plaintiff 20 yuan’s card fee and issued an invoice. The plaintiff believed that Ji ‘an Telecom Company charged the plaintiff the card fee for handling the mobile phone number for the first time, which violated the prohibition of not charging users separately in the Administrative Measures for the Application and Charge of Integrated Circuit Cards, so it complained to the defendant Ji ‘an Price Bureau and made demands for the defendant to perform legal duties, investigate and make a written reply. Although the defendant issued a written reply, the reply letter only stated that the defendant found a document and part of the document during the investigation. The reply letter did not deal with the matters requested in the plaintiff’s complaint report letter, and the defendant’s behavior violated the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Price Law, the Provisions on Reporting Price Violations and other relevant laws and regulations. Request the court to confirm that the defendant’s behavior in handling the plaintiff’s complaint and report was illegal, revoke the defendant’s reply according to law, and order the defendant to investigate and deal with the illegal behavior involved in the plaintiff’s complaint and report letter according to law.

　　Defendant Ji ‘an Price Bureau argued that the plaintiff’s prosecution did not comply with the relevant provisions of the administrative procedure law. Administrative litigation refers to the litigation brought by citizens, legal persons and other organizations against the specific administrative acts of administrative organs. In this case, the defendant’s reply to the plaintiff on July 3, 2012 was not a specific administrative act and was not actionable. The defendant’s reply to the plaintiff meets the procedural requirements of the Provisions on Price Violations, and the content of the reply is also to inform the plaintiff of the situation verified by the defendant after investigation. Request the court to reject the plaintiff’s claim according to law.

　　The court found through trial that on May 28th, 2012, the plaintiff Luo Rongrong mailed a complaint and report letter to the defendant Ji ‘an Price Bureau, reporting that Ji ‘an Telecom Company had charged the plaintiff the fee for handling mobile phone card for the first time, and asked the defendant to order Ji ‘an Telecom Company to return the 20 yuan who illegally charged the plaintiff’s mobile phone card fee, investigate and confiscate the card fees charged by all telecom users for handling mobile phone cards for the first time according to law, and reward the plaintiff according to law and give a written reply to the plaintiff’s relevant processing results. On May 31, 2012, the defendant received a complaint report letter from the plaintiff. On July 3, 2012, the defendant made a Reply on the Handling of Luo Rongrong’s Complaint on May 28, 2012, and sent it to the plaintiff by post. The reply content is: "On May 31st, 2012, our bureau received your complaint that users of new mobile phone cards of Ji ‘an Telecom Company charged 20 yuan mobile phone card fees, and we paid great attention to it. After investigation, it was verified that the Reply on Jiangxi Telecom’s Full-service Package Tariff Optimization Scheme (No.14 [2012] of Jiangxi Telecom Bureau) jointly issued by Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Communications and Jiangxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission stipulated that the upper limit of UIM card charges is 50 yuan. Our bureau is very grateful for your support and help in price work. " After receiving the defendant’s reply, the plaintiff appealed to the court on the grounds that the defendant’s reply was illegal.

　　Referee result

　　On November 1, 2012, the People’s Court of Jizhou District, Ji ‘an City, Jiangxi Province made a judgment of (2012) Jixingchuzi No.13: The Reply of Ji ‘an Price Bureau on the Handling of Luo Rongrong’s Complaint on May 28, 2012 was revoked, and it was limited to make a new written reply within fifteen days. After the verdict is pronounced, the parties have not appealed, and the judgment has taken legal effect.

　　Referee’s reason

　　The court’s effective judgment holds that: regarding the actionable issue of Ji ‘an Price Bureau’s report and reply. According to Item 5, Paragraph 1, Article 11 of the Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Administrative Procedure Law, adopted on April 4, 1989), if an application is made for an administrative organ to perform its statutory duties of protecting personal rights and property rights, and the administrative organ refuses to perform or refuses to reply, the people’s court shall accept the lawsuit filed by the parties concerned. In this case, Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau should investigate and determine whether the card fees charged by Ji ‘an Telecom Company reported by Luo Rongrong are illegal and inform the investigation results. However, the report reply made by Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau listed the UIM card fees ceiling standards stipulated in the Reply on the Optimization Scheme of Jiangxi Telecom’s Full-service Package Fees (hereinafter referred to as the Reply), and did not specify the handling results of the reported matters. This act of informing the relevant contents of the Reply instead of informing the investigation results of the report fails to fulfill the legal duty of protecting the property rights of the informant according to law, which is an infringement of Luo Rongrong’s right to seek relief through proper reporting channels, and does not belong to the act of "having no actual impact on the rights and obligations of citizens, legal persons or other organizations" as stipulated in Item 6 of Article 1 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation of the Administrative Procedure Law).

　　On the plaintiff qualification of Luo Rongrong. According to the provisions of Article 2, Paragraph 1 of Article 24 of the Administrative Procedure Law and Article 12 of the Interpretation of the Administrative Procedure Law, an informant must have a legal interest in the act of handling a report when he files an administrative lawsuit. In this case, although Luo Rongrong asked Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau to "investigate and confiscate the card fees charged by all telecom users for handling mobile phone cards for the first time", he still reported to Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau on the basis that Ji ‘an Telecom Company’s collection of card fees infringed his own legitimate rights and interests, and held the invoices for the fees as evidence. Therefore, Luo Rongrong has a legal interest in reporting and handling, and has the qualification of plaintiff in administrative litigation, so he can bring an administrative lawsuit according to law.

　　On the legality of reporting reply. Article 14 of the Provisions on Reporting Price Violations stipulates: "After the report is completed, if the reporter asks for a reply and has contact information, the competent price department shall inform the reporter of the result in writing or orally within five working days after the completion." In this case, Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau, as the competent price department, has the legal duty to accept reports of price violations, review whether prices are illegal or not, and put forward opinions on classified treatment. Luo Rongrong clearly listed three reporting requests in the complaint reporting letter, and asked the Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau to inform Luo Rongrong of the handling results in writing after the investigation was completed. This reply did not specify the handling results of the reported items by the Ji ‘an Municipal Price Bureau according to law, which violated the provisions of Article 14 of the Provisions on Reporting Price Violations and was not legal, so it should be corrected.

　　(Effective judges: Hu Jianming, Zhang Binghua, Liu Taosheng)

According to the news released by Suzhou, from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on February 27th, there were no new confirmed cases in COVID-19 and no new asymptomatic infections in Suzhou.

As of 24: 00 on February 27th, Suzhou has reported a total of 114 locally confirmed cases and 29 locally asymptomatic infected people.

From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on February 27, Suzhou added a confirmed case from overseas.

From 0: 00 to 7: 00 on February 28th, two people were positive in the nucleic acid detection of key population in our city. After receiving the report, measures such as epidemiological investigation and isolation control were immediately carried out.

Recently, Covid-19-positive infected people mostly appear in the centralized isolation personnel in Yonglin District No.2, Pingjiang Street, gusu district. In order to eliminate risks, quickly identify and block the transmission chain of Covid-19 as soon as possible, and effectively protect the health and life safety of the general public, gusu district carried out nucleic acid testing and sampling in the areas west of Donghuan Road, east of Mo Xie Road, north of Ganjiang Road and south of Loumen Road on the morning of February 28th.

The general public are requested to continue to enhance their awareness of prevention, do a good job in personal protection, insist on wearing masks, keep social distance and pay attention to personal hygiene. In case of fever, cough and other symptoms, on the premise of personal protection, go to the nearest medical institution in time.

Suzhou COVID-19 epidemic situation joint defense joint control headquarters

February 28, 2022