I’m afraid Chinese didn’t know much about Yuan Shikai, but many people’s cognition of Yuan Shikai started from his training in Tianjin station after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, culminating in his "stealing the fruits of the Revolution of 1911" and becoming the president of the Republic of China. Finally, he restored the monarchy and died in the sound of the defection of the old cadres and the crusade of the revolutionary party. As for him, he was ordered to go to North Korea to support the current situation in the turbulence of East Asia in the late Qing Dynasty, and to save the three northeastern provinces and gradually stabilize the national political situation during the Ding Revolution in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, etc., it has long been irrelevant in this historical narrative system with the theme of "stealing the country and stealing Yuan Shikai".

　　　　　　　　As for the fact that Yuan Shikai was stationed in Korea for ten years with the imperial rank of the Great Qing Dynasty, there have been many studies and evaluations in Chinese and foreign academic circles. Almost all the archives about the history at that time have already been made public, and they can be seen in archives or libraries in Chinese mainland, Taiwan Province and South Korea. In the eyes of many people, Yuan Shikai, who was stationed in the DPRK in the late Qing Dynasty, is almost the same as the supervisor stationed in the DPRK after the Japanese annexed Korea. It is the embodiment of China’s great power hegemony in North Korea, with the aim of controlling North Korea. The difference is just wrapped in a coat of traditional suzerain-vassal relationship. From the perspective of power politics, it seems that the argument that China pursued "imperialism" against North Korea in the late Qing Dynasty is conclusive, and Yuan Shikai is the vanguard and agent of China’s "imperialism", and his efforts to prevent North Korea from sending envoys to Europe and the United States have naturally become a series of external manifestations and appearances of the politics of these great powers.

　　　　　　　　Does Yuan Shikai, the prime minister in the DPRK, really have such great power? How did he become an imperial envoy?In fact, Yuan Shikai’s life in North Korea is not easy. He has been in the middle of the system to protect the outdated relationship between China and North Korea.. This article is not to "reverse the verdict" for Yuan Shikai, who has been plunged into eighteen layers of hell by China’s modern political discourse, but simply to talk about the cause of his embarrassing identity in North Korea, because it is this identity problem that led to his frequent conflicts with the North Korean government and diplomats from Japan, the United States and Europe, which weakened China’s diplomacy.

"Who am I": Chen Shutang’s troubles

　　　　　　　　Yuan Shikai led troops to North Korea for the first time during the mutiny in the summer of 1882, and in December 1884 he led troops to quell the coup staged by the Kaihua Party in North Korea, which won great appreciation from Li Hongzhang. In November 1885, under the strong recommendation of Li Zhongtang, Yuan Shikai was officially appointed by the Beijing court as "the prime minister of North Korea to negotiate trade matters", and he stayed in North Korea until the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894. From entering the DPRK in 1882 to returning to China in 1894, Yuan Shikai has been in the DPRK for nearly thirteen years, including ten years as the above-mentioned "Prime Minister". However, before Yuan Shikai, Chen Shutang was the first official stationed in the DPRK by the Qing government, and to understand Yuan Shikai’s power, we must start with Chen Shutang.

　　　　　　　　After the mutiny in the summer of 1882, korean king asked the Chinese side to stay in the army, and sent capable people who were familiar with foreign affairs to North Korea to help North Korea with its foreign trade and customs. In September of the same year, the two sides signed the Charter of Land and Water Trade for Merchants, which stipulated that China and the DPRK should send commercial members to each other. This treaty was negotiated and signed at the request of North Korea, and it was put into operation long before the mutiny. In the autumn of 1882, China’s supervision on how to deal with foreign affairs and trade affairs in North Korea after the rebellion was gradually spread out according to the needs of North Korea. In November of the same year, Li Hongzhang sent Ma Jianzhong’s brother Ma Jianchang (that is, Ma Xiangbo) and Paul George von M?llendorff, a German who worked in Tianjin Customs and Taxation Department and German legation in China, to Seoul as a consultant to help the king organize the westernization. It is precisely because of this that the newly established Western-style customs tax system in North Korea is under the jurisdiction of the General Customs Tax Department in China, which is a branch of the customs system in China, and its annual report is attached to the report of the Customs Tax Department in China.

　　　　　　　　What we need to make clear is that,This series of guidance work, all within the framework of traditional suzerain-vassal, was handled by China as an "upper country" at the request of the "lower country" North Korea. Originally, China did not take the initiative to do it.. After North Korea opened its doors, there were almost no people who knew English and French. They didn’t know how to write diplomatic documents aimed at Europe, America and other countries, how to set up new customs and collect tariffs, and even how to formulate the style of their national flag. They were at a loss. The only thing they could rely on was China, who had been engaged in westernization for more than 20 years. For example, in 1882, North Korea signed a diplomatic treaty with the United States and Britain, mainly relying on the assistance and guidance of Ma Jianzhong and others. Later, according to superficial observation, many people came to the conclusion that this was the beginning of Li Hongzhang and others’ active intervention in Korean affairs, and that the traditional suzerain-vassal order ended. Such judgments are all caused by poor observation and are often sloppy.

　　　　　　　　At the beginning of 1883, Ma Jianchang and Mu Linde arrived in Seoul, and the consuls of the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries in the DPRK also poured in. Arrived at the same time, and China’s second-class title was Chen Shutang, whose official name was "Commissioned North Korean Commercial Committee", which was controlled by Beiyang Minister Li Hongzhang. Seoul, the quiet ancient capital of the "hermit country", became lively overnight and became a stage for diplomats from all over the world. But Chen Shutang couldn’t be happy, because his troubles may be the most among his peers, and the most deadly one is the relationship between China and North Korea, and he is unclear and unclear to his colleagues in Taixi. He wants to emphasize North China’s status as a vassal state, while the rest of his colleagues acknowledge China’s influence on North Korea and the special relationship between the two countries by default, but in public, they all recognize North Korea as an independent sovereign state.

　　　　　　　　Lucius Foote, the first American ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary to the DPRK, received an instruction from the Secretary of State in March of this year, which included instructions on the trilateral relations between the United States and the DPRK: the 1882 US-DPRK Treaty was a treaty between two independent sovereign States. As far as the United States is concerned, the DPRK is an independent sovereign state, but unless its own rights and interests are damaged, the United States will not interfere in the relations between China and the DPRK. In other words, the United States acquiesced in the existence of the suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea, as long as it didn’t touch the American cake. This two-sided pragmatic diplomacy has also been imitated by countries such as Britain and Germany. In this way, the envoys of Britain, the United States and other countries in the DPRK did not really have diplomatic contacts with Chen Shutang, a commercial Commissioner, but contacted the newly established diplomatic department of the DPRK, the unified maintenance yamen, and those involved in Chinese businessmen were also handled through the unified management yamen.

　　　　　　　　As a result, Chen Shutang was left aside by the arrival of China, and his embarrassing position was repeatedly ridiculed by his British and Japanese counterparts. Chen Shutang’s response was to take out the Charter of Land and Water Trade for Merchants between China and North Korea to justify his power. He was accused that the foreword of the Charter was only applicable to China and North Korea, but not to other countries. At that time, the clever word game when China and North Korea signed the contract was really self-defeating at this time. Chen Shutang has repeatedly felt embarrassed and humiliated about this unclear question of "who am I", and repeatedly complained to Li Hongzhang.

　　　　　　　　In view of this, in 1884, when appointing the heads of the branches in Incheon, Wonsan and Busan, Chen Shutang specially appointed them as "directors for handling Chinese business affairs", giving them the right to negotiate foreign affairs beyond the commercial scope. In addition, although "director" and "consul" are similar in pronunciation in Chinese, they are totally different in nature. The former is the person in charge of a certain affairs internally, while the latter is a diplomat specializing in foreign affairs, while China cannot recognize that officials sent to its subordinate country, North Korea, are diplomats stationed in sovereign countries. Therefore, before the Sino-Japanese War, China had only directors in North Korea, but no consul, to show the unique authority of China and the special ethical relationship between China and North Korea.

　　　　　　　　At the same time, after consulting with American consuls Ford and Li Hongzhang, Chen Shutang changed his title to "General Manager of North Korea’s Trade Affairs" in November 1884, thus covering foreign affairs. This revision, Chen Shutang thinks, is quite in line with the "system" of the two countries, and even conforms to the identity of the "official of the country". Related to this, Cao Can, a commercial councilor and worker from North Korea stationed in Tianjin in April, 1884, sentenced Nan Tingzhe to "accompany the minister" to the China court, which is a typical language used by vassals and ministers to maintain the courtesies of vassals and vassals.

　　　　　　　　This time, Chen Shutang finally felt justified, but the ministers of various countries still had doubts about his new title, fearing that this was a sign that the China administration wanted to control the North Korean government. Parkes, the first British ambassador to the DPRK who had been in Beijing in his early years, asked the Prime Minister’s yamen to explain clearly what title Chen Shutang was. The Prime Minister’s yamen replied to him: "North China is a state, and it is not allowed to follow the example of ambassadors stationed in various countries … [Chen Shutang] is a Taoist, and he is equal to the consuls of various countries." That is to say, according to the bilateral articles of association between China and the DPRK in 1882, China’s commercial councilor stationed in the DPRK is equivalent to the consul general of western countries. This set the tone for China’s diplomatic status as a member in the DPRK in the future.

"Jiashen coup": China was unbeaten and defeated

　　　　　　　　However, the good times didn’t last long. Less than a month after Chen Shutang took up his new post, he met the Japanese-supported Korean Kaihua Party members Hong Yingzhi, Jin Yujun and Park Yong-hyo, who staged a coup on December 4, which coincided with the year of Jiashen in the lunar calendar, so it was called "Jiashen coup" or "Jiashen revolution" in history. The Kaihua Party occupied the palace, held the king hostage, killed Li Zuyuan, Zhao Ningxia, Min Yongmu and other pro-China ministers who tended to be "big", announced the abolition of the relationship between China and North Korea, and invited the Japanese army to enter the palace for support. At that time, Japan’s ambassador to the DPRK was Takeyuki Ichiro, a diplomat who accompanied Sen Youli to Beijing and Baoding eight years ago to debate the international status of the DPRK with the Prime Minister’s yamen and Li Hongzhang. However, the "revolution" of Zhu Tian and Jin Yujun, together with their Japanese troops, was defeated two days later by Wu Zhaoyou, commander-in-chief of the Qing army, and his deputies Yuan Shikai and Zhang Guangqian. A "three-day revolution" with swords and shadows failed.

　　　　　　　　China and Japan immediately started diplomatic negotiations, and in April 1885, they signed a special article in Tianjin with only three contents: both countries withdrew their troops from North Korea, and neither sent troops to coach the army in North Korea. If there is a major accident in North Korea, the two countries or one of them should know each other in advance. Through the content of the third paragraph, Japan has gained the same power as China to send troops into the DPRK in a critical situation.Later, in the Sino-Japanese War of 1885, Japan sent troops into the DPRK on the grounds that China had sent troops in the East School Party Rebellion, and its legal basis was the Tianjin Special Article in 1885. Therefore, as far as the result of diplomatic contest after the "Jiashen coup" is concerned, China is unbeaten and defeated, and Japan is invincible, which is very similar to the result of the contest and diplomatic negotiation between China and France in Vietnam around the Sino-Vietnamese suzerain-vassal relationship in the same period. All these examples show that China was not a weak country without diplomacy, but a weak country without diplomacy..

　　　　　　　　After this bloody affair, Ma Jianchang returned from North Korea and suggested to Li Hongzhang that China should either completely allow North Korea to go out independently and cut off the feudalism-vassal relationship with each other, or send an imperial agent to supervise its affairs. Li Hongzhang felt that China’s affairs were too complicated to give consideration to North Korea, but he was in favor of strengthening the power of China’s officials in the DPRK. In October 1885, Chen Shutang resigned and returned to China on the grounds of overwork. Li Hongzhang played in Beijing and recommended Yuan Shikai, who had been stationed in North Korea, to take over.

On October 28, 1885, Beiyang Minister Li Hongzhang recommended Yuan Shikai to take over the Korean trade affairs.

　　　　　　　　In the memorial, Li Hongzhang praised Yuan Shikai’s "courage and superiority, knowing the general situation" and suggested that Beijing appoint him as the post of "stationed in the DPRK Prime Minister to negotiate trade matters" in order to "slightly show the meaning of diplomacy" and "emphasize the power of affairs". Because Yuan Shikai is a knowledgeable person with five titles, and his official rank is relatively low, Li Hongzhang specially asked the court to increase the title in order to be an important official. Beijing soon formally appointed Yuan Shikai as "an imperial envoy stationed in the DPRK Prime Minister to negotiate trade matters" in early November, and awarded him three titles, which were distributed by the magistrate, and were supplemented when there was a shortage, and then promoted by Taoist priests.

　　　　　　　　Yuan Shikai was promoted to "use the Tao to supplement the magistrate". Later, people called him "Yuan Dao", which refers to the grade of "promoting Tao". Compared with his predecessor, Chen Shutang, Yuan Shikai’s official rank is low, but his power has been greatly improved: the title of "Imperial Envoy" made him gain the legitimacy of being stationed in the DPRK directly from the son of China, while the scope of supervision function of "Prime Minister" was broader than that of Chen Shutang’s "General Office", and "Negotiating trade matters" gave him the power to supervise diplomatic and commercial affairs. Since then, Yuan Shikai has become the prime minister of Yuan.

　 　 　 　 This year, Yuan Shikai was just 26 years old, and there was quite a spirit that newborn calves were not afraid of tigers. This spirit, to some extent, is just the wisdom outside the system that Li Hongzhang needs after he has been groping for more than 20 years in the westernization field. With this wisdom, he can reduce the constraints of a series of old cases between China and North Korea and new regulations between China and the West. Li Hongzhang is well aware of Yuan Shikai’s shortcomings in dealing with people’s lives, and he has praised Yolanda, but he hasn’t replaced Yuan Shikai for ten years. I’m afraid what he likes is Yuan Shikai’s double-edged sword.

On November 8, 1885, the Prime Minister’s yamen accepted Yuan Shikai’s sincere thanks for taking over North Korea’s trade.

Back to "Who am I": Prime Minister Qin Ming in the crevice

　　　　　　　　Premier Yuan’s life in North Korea was not smooth sailing, but the one that bothered me the most was that he couldn’t tell his diplomatic colleagues clearly about the relationship between China and North Korea. Although the position of his own appointed prime minister was clearly written in black and white, he had to face the old question of "who am I" in practice.

　　　　　　　　At that time, in Seoul, like Beijing, the ministers of various countries also formed a delegation, and the prevailing language was mainly English. The names and titles of the ministers of various countries all had corresponding English terms or translations. Yuan Shikai should also follow this convention, but he is not sure how to translate his title, which is related to the public mission’s cognition of his status and management authority.

　　　　　　　　Therefore, Yuan Shikai sent one of his young assistants who had studied in the United States, took a famous card to the American legation, found George Foulk, the acting minister, and asked his opinion. Fujiu suggested translating it into "charge of diplomatic and commercial course" (meaning "managing diplomatic and commercial affairs"). However, the young man disagreed. He proposed a word "Resident" (that is, resident) and suggested that it be translated into "His Imperial Chinese Majestic’s Resident, Seoul" (that is, "an imperial envoy of Emperor China in Seoul"). Fujiu then called the British Minister Edward Colborne Baber and the Japanese Acting Minister Kogoro Koping to discuss, but no agreement was reached. It is not a problem for Japanese diplomats to read and understand Chinese, so this kind of translation work is actually for the envoys of non-Chinese-speaking countries such as the United States, Britain and France, which is directly related to the fundamental understanding of Yuan Shikai’s position in the West.

　　　　　　　　Finally, Yuan Shikai adopted his assistant’s translation, "His Imperial Chinese Majestic’s Residency, Seoul", and simplified it to "H.I.C.M. Residency". Later, this name began to be printed on business cards. In fact, this English translation only conveyed the intention of the imperial envoy, but did not explain his power and responsibility to negotiate and trade. Therefore, Yuan Shikai didn’t make clear the question of "who am I", but his colleagues in the envoy group simply regarded him as "Consul General of China with diplomatic functions".

The official document printed with Yuan Shikai’s "Qin Ming’s order to station the DPRK Prime Minister to negotiate trade matters" (currently in the archives of the Institute of Modern History of Taiwan Province Academia Sinica).

　　　　　　　　Next, how to carry out the etiquette with North Korea has become a problem, especially when meeting korean king. At the beginning of his tenure, Yuan Shikai sent a telegram to Li Hongzhang asking what he should do to meet korean king. Yuan Shikai is an imperial envoy at this time, but in the system of suzerain and vassal, the imperial envoy is on behalf of the emperor. Since the king is the son of the emperor, it is inevitable to follow the traditional etiquette of receiving and conferring titles or offering sacrifices to the emperor. However, Yuan Shikai’s problem lies in that he is not an envoy in the vassal-vassal system sent by the Manchu court, but a resident in the newly established diplomatic system, and he just went through a process of honoring his life.

　　　　　　　　Yuan Shikai mentioned that when China’s officials in the DPRK visited korean king, they entered the palace gate in a sedan chair, bowed three times, and then sat on the side of the king. However, before Wu Changqing, Xu Chang, Ding Ruchang, Ma Jianzhong and others visited the king, they all sat down with each other. Envoys from other countries perform the so-called "foreign courtesies" and only go outside the palace gate by sedan chair. Yuan Shikai is still sitting on his side, but he is very upset because he has no rules and regulations, which leads to "talking with others from time to time"

　　　　　　　　Li Hongzhang quickly instructed Yuan Shikai: North China is a subordinate country, so the etiquette of meeting the king should be slightly different from that of other countries’ envoys, but it can’t follow the imperial envoys of Wu Changqing and Xuchang. Therefore, Yuan Shikai should get off the sedan chair outside the palace gate according to the ritual system of the official audience with the king of the county, and still bow three times when he meets the king, which is "extremely humble"; If you encounter a big ceremony in North Korea, "you can only bow three times and bow three times, and you should be modest." In this way, Yuan Shikai has a new set of etiquette in the DPRK, which is different from other countries’ envoys in the DPRK. The purpose is to preserve the suzerain-vassal system and never lower China to the same status as Britain, the United States and Japan.

　　　　　　　　Yuan Shikai’s crisis of etiquette has been solved, but in the eyes of his Japanese and European and American counterparts, all the courtesy privileges he enjoyed in going to China were acts that undermined North Korea’s sovereignty, and now he could not tolerate them. Therefore, the contradiction between Yuan Shikai and Yuan Shikai has never stopped, and even intensified.

　　　　　　　　When many people explain the relationship between China and North Korea in the late Qing Dynasty, they all regard it as the relationship between two countries. This is very reasonable, butAccording to a series of documents of Li Hongzhang and others in this period, they directly crossed the patriarchal feudalism between China and North Korea in the early Ming Dynasty and traced it back to the Western Zhou Dynasty. Then korean king was just a foreign vassal of the Emperor of China, and his status was equivalent to that of the governor of China. So in this sense, korean king was just a vassal who defended the territory on behalf of the Emperor of, and all over the world, it was not the king’s land, and North Korea was just one of the Chinese empires.. As revealed by the above-mentioned etiquette problems, Li Hongzhang regarded korean king as the "pro-county king" level within the China system, rather than the head of state of an independent country. Therefore, Yuan Shikai’s etiquette was also within the China’s vassal etiquette system. It is precisely for this reason that observing and analyzing the relationship between China and North Korea in the late Qing Dynasty with the international political concept imported from Europe can not cover the whole system at all, but can only observe part of it; Moreover, the later the starting point of observation is, the more serious the deviation from historical truth is.

　　　　　　　　Premier Yuan’s etiquette problems have been solved in turn, and it seems that everything is peaceful, butHe found that he actually fell into the cracks of the dual system, although he could have both ends meet, but it was not easy to handle. On the one hand, the legitimacy of his identity comes from the authority of the country in the system of suzerain and vassal, but he is not a person in the system of imperial envoys centered on Manchu court; On the other hand, he is the watchtower of the new diplomatic system of the Prime Minister’s yamen and Beiyang Minister, but his authority in North Korea is not based on this system.. For this dilemma, neither he nor Li Hongzhang, nor the Premier’s yamen and official department in Beijing, nor even the Beijing Ritual Department and the imperial court can solve it unless it is withdrawn to China, which is an impossible option in the historical situation at that time.Yuan Shikai, like a pawn crossing the river, is as powerful as a horse in North Korea, but the fatal place is that he can only move forward wholeheartedly and cannot retreat..

　　　　　　　　At the beginning of his tenure, Yuan Shikai told Beijing that he wanted to protect the suzerain-vassal relationship between China and North Korea and protect the "oriental shield" of North Korea, and he did it diligently. But alsoIt is in this kind of institutional gap that he refused to attend the diplomatic mission meeting of the United States, Britain, Japan and other ministers in Seoul on the grounds that things between China and North Korea were customized and rituals were established, and he independently exercised a set of suzerain-vassal rules that only he enjoyed, and even directly intervened in the relevant affairs of the North Korean government as an imperial envoy.. As a result, his defense of the suzerain-vassal constitution was regarded by others as maverick and undermined North Korea’s right to independence, and the courtesy he received as an imperial envoy also became domineering and contrary to international diplomatic norms. In the end, it not only aroused suspicion and criticism from diplomatic colleagues such as Britain, the United States and Japan, but also gradually caused dissatisfaction and alienation from the North Korean government, which was gradually conscious of national sovereignty.

　　　　　　　　Yuan Shikai, who is the prime minister appointed by China, has gradually become the loneliest person in North Korea’s diplomatic arena.

　　　　　　　　On July 18th, 1894, Yuan Shikai withdrew to China by order. On July 23rd, two days before the Japanese army attacked the Qing army in Asan and started a war, the China office in Seoul was suddenly besieged and looted by thousands of Japanese troops, and the bank deposit was robbed, and the national flag was taken away. Tang Shaoyi, the acting prime minister of North Korea, fled to the British consulate from the backyard of the office, burned confidential official documents (some documents were kept in the British consulate), and then returned to Yantai, bringing back the seal of "Qin Ming stationed in North Korea to negotiate trade matters" left by Yuan Shikai. Yuan Shikai’s ten-year painstaking career in Dongchao Fan has since vanished into thin air.

　　　　　　　　

On March 1st, the State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on policies. The People’s Bank of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange and other departments introduced the situation of "further optimizing payment services and improving payment convenience" and paid attention to it together.

A quick look at the main points:

Banks and payment institutions should further optimize the account opening process, rationally implement the classified management of accounts, and continuously improve the service level of accounts.

Guide major payment institutions such as Alipay and Tenpay to increase the limit of single transaction for foreign visitors to China from $1,000 to $5,000.

At present, the major mobile payment apps have been upgraded for aging, and more than 96% of the bank outlets in the country have promoted aging transformation.

Continue to retain the manual ticket window and manual ticket checking method to facilitate the elderly and foreign friends to purchase tickets offline.

What measures have been put forward in the Opinions on Further Optimizing Payment Services and Improving Payment Convenience, which was deliberated and adopted by the the State Council executive meeting?

People’s Bank of China:

1. Promote key places and key merchants to accept overseas bank cards, and effectively improve the acceptance environment of bank cards.

2. Adhere to the positioning of cash, continuously improve the cash use environment, and continuously improve the level of foreign currency exchange and cash services.

3. Fully consider the special needs of the elderly, foreigners coming to China and other groups, and make good arrangements for aging and internationalization services to further enhance the convenience of mobile payment.

4. Better protect consumers’ right to pay. Business districts, tourist attractions, hotel accommodation and other key places above the scale must support diversified payment methods such as mobile payment, bank cards and cash, and the conditions for actively creating below the scale shall be handled with reference.

5. Banks and payment institutions should further optimize the account opening process, rationally implement classified management of accounts, and continuously improve the service level of accounts.

6. Carry out various and targeted publicity activities, and continuously strengthen the construction of "soft environment" such as publicity and promotion.

What measures will be introduced to facilitate the payment of foreign nationals in China?

People’s Bank of China:

1. In view of the low success rate of overseas bank cards bound by Alipay and WeChat, Alipay and Tenpay are required and instructed to optimize their business processes and improve the efficiency of card binding.

2. Simplify the arrangement of identity verification, so that foreigners in China can handle it more conveniently in a series of processes such as card binding. We are also very concerned about the protection of personal information. We will strictly require relevant institutions to implement the Personal Information Protection Law and other laws and regulations to effectively protect the security of personal information.

3. Instruct major payment institutions such as Alipay and Tenpay to increase the single transaction limit of mobile payment for foreigners coming to China from $1,000 to $5,000, and increase the annual cumulative transaction limit from $10,000 to $50,000.

What measures will be taken to optimize the payment service for inbound tourism?

Ministry of Culture and Tourism:

1. Promote the establishment of hardware and software facilities for accepting mobile payment, bank cards, cash, etc. in national scenic spots above 4A level, national tourist resorts, national night culture and tourism consumption gathering areas, and national tourist and leisure blocks, and facilitate the payment upgrade of key cultural and tourist scenes such as tourist attractions, resorts, cultural and cultural venues, entertainment venues, star-rated hotels, cultural and business complexes.

2. Guide and support Internet platform enterprises closely related to "food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment", and optimize the payment experience for overseas visitors to purchase cultural and tourism products and services online and offline.

3. In terms of the convenience of ticket purchase in scenic spots, it will promote the reservation of artificial windows in scenic spots, and provide offline ticket purchase and other services for the majority of tourists, including the elderly and inbound tourists, to meet the needs of tourists to visit and visit to the maximum extent.

4. Simplify the online booking procedures to provide more convenience for tourists.

What has been done to adapt the payment service to aging?

National Development and Reform Commission:

In order to solve the "digital divide" of mobile payment faced by the elderly in their daily consumption, we will intensify the rectification and rectification of discriminatory behaviors such as refusing to accept cash and refusing to pay by bank cards. In 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission took the lead in drafting and reporting to the State Council for issuance and implementation of the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Effectively Solving the Difficulties of the Elderly in Using Intelligent Technology, requiring any unit or individual not to refuse cash in any way, and strengthening the supervision of the payment market.

People’s Bank of China:

At present, the major mobile payment apps have been upgraded to adapt to aging. By simplifying the process, adding warm tips, increasing language broadcasts, enlarging font images, and manual customer service on special lines, the mobile payment service experience of the elderly group has been improved. More than 96% of the bank outlets in China have promoted aging transformation, and by upgrading self-service equipment and setting up "green channels" and "service areas" for elderly customers, it is convenient for the elderly group to handle payment and settlement business and create warm outlets.

What measures will be taken to continuously improve and improve the service level of transportation?

Ministry of Transport:

1. Enrich ticket purchasing channels. Accelerate the popularization of online ticket sales, promote the application of e-tickets, and facilitate domestic and foreign personnel to purchase tickets online with ID cards, passports, permanent residence cards for foreigners and other documents. At the same time, according to the payment habits of different groups, we will continue to retain the manual ticket window and manual ticket checking method to facilitate the elderly and foreign friends to purchase tickets offline.

2. Improve the payment method. Actively promote the major domestic car-sharing platform enterprises to expand payment channels, and some enterprises provide foreign friends with the service of "overseas mobile phone number registration+international credit card payment". Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and other cities support foreign friends to bind overseas bank cards through Alipay and China Unionpay Quick Pass, and use QR codes to scan codes to take urban public transport and rail transit.

3. Optimize the travel environment. We will promote the aging transformation of transportation, operate urban public transport with low floors and low entrances, equip the subway with barrier-free crossing boards, improve the multilingual signs of transportation hubs, and provide bilingual broadcasting and service guidance at qualified passenger routes and rail transit stations to facilitate the travel of the elderly and foreign friends. In key periods such as Spring Festival travel rush, some transportation hubs are equipped with special service personnel and volunteers to provide necessary help and guidance for the elderly and foreign friends.

4. Improve the service experience. Continue to promote the taxi 95128 telephone car service and the "one-click car call" service for online car service, and optimize the car rental process for foreigners. Actively carry out pilot projects of domestic waterway passenger quality routes to improve the service level of international cruise ships.

What measures will be taken to optimize foreign currency exchange services?

State Administration of Foreign Exchange:

1. The State Administration of Foreign Exchange will continue to promote more foreign currency exchange institutions to provide better exchange services for foreigners coming to China.

2. Ensure the foreign currency exchange service at the airport, and guide the priority arrangement of foreign currency exchange institutions and facilities at the airport arrival.

3. Ensure that ports, foreign-related hotels and other important scenes have at least one of five types of foreign currency exchange channels, which are mainly bank outlets with exchange marks, ATMs that support the use of overseas bank cards to withdraw cash, foreign currency exchange agencies authorized by banks, individual foreign currency exchange franchises, and some self-service exchange machines that can exchange foreign currencies by themselves.

4, in airports, ports, foreign-related hotels and other places to promote personal local and foreign currency exchange logo.

5. Encourage qualified individuals, local and foreign currency exchange franchises and bank outlets to expand the currency supply of foreign currency exchange to better meet the exchange needs of people from different countries and regions.

6. Further meet the mobile payment and online consumption needs of foreign visitors to China, continuously improve the existing business processes, and vigorously support the innovation of various safe and convenient payment service products.

What will be done to optimize payment services for the elderly and foreigners and promote the consumption of living services?

Ministry of Commerce:

1. Promote catering and other industries to improve the payment acceptance environment. We will work with relevant departments to formulate policy documents to promote the high-quality development of the catering industry, and guide local authorities to urge relevant catering business entities to retain manual services and traditional payment methods, and shall not refuse RMB cash.

2. Improve the industry standards of the retail industry and provide diversified payment services. Guide retail and other consumer places to provide diversified payment methods such as cash, bank cards and mobile payment to meet the payment needs of various consumer groups.

3. Give play to the exemplary leading role of international consumption center cities. We will guide Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Chongqing and other cities to actively promote the convenience of payment in the process of cultivating and building an international consumption center city, and create a good payment environment with multiple ways to choose from, multiple places to apply and multiple currencies to be convertible.

At the press conference of Enjoy World, the name of Huawei’s "Fourth World" Zunjie finally hit the PPT of HarmonyOS Zhixing, although we already knew the brand name of Huawei’s cooperation with Jianghuai. With the listing of, consumers are more looking forward to the honorable world. A few days ago, spy photos of suspected Zunjie models were madly transmitted on the Internet, and the attitude of the new car was like the official "propaganda"-targeting a million-class luxury car.

Although it is wrapped in a thick camouflage materials, it is still difficult to hide the domineering and sense of volume brought by the slender body. The relatively vertical front shape is the usual design technique of ultra-luxury models, such as Rolls-Royce and Bentley speeding. As a new energy vehicle, it is expected that the new car will adopt a closed front face, and the light group will be equipped with an intelligent lighting system. I believe it will also be equipped with projection headlights on the enjoyment S9.

The new car is still in the test state, so the line design of the car body is not very clear, but it is expected that its side will use simple design, and the lines will not be too complicated. The high probability is that the design is round and angular.

Due to the long wheelbase, the length of the side rear door is exaggerated, the window is much larger than the front door, and the design of the C-pillar is also unique. It is expected that the design of sliding back will be adopted. Looking at this model, the new car will reach the positioning of a large car, so it may regard models such as, and as competitors.

According to JAC’s plan, a new factory has been built for Zunjie, and a brand-new X6 platform has been built together with Huawei. All models of Zunjie will be produced on this platform, covering medium to large luxury cars, including cars, SUVs, MPVs, sports cars and so on. As for the first model of Zunjie, is it the large car or MPV mentioned today? To be officially announced.

N Comments: HarmonyOS Zhixing’s cars are more advanced and more intelligent. Many models, including the new M7, are equipped with Huawei’s latest intelligent systems, such as HarmonyOS Cockpit 4.0, ADS 3.0, etc. I believe these hardware, systems and configurations will be carried on Zunjie’s new car, but Xiao Bian thinks that Zunjie’s models will also use Huawei’s newer and more advanced technology. According to the official timeline, the new car is expected to be off the assembly line at the end of this year and is expected to be listed in the first half of next year. (text: VITAMIN, picture: network)

Today, G.E.M. G.E.M. Weibo released the final preview of the new album "Revelation", with three world scenes of Promised Land, Wasteland and Reality exposed, and the heart-felt production highlighted the film texture, with continuous high-energy plots and huge information. In the preview, G.E.M. G.E.M. appears in different shapes, which also shows the different faces of the character "Gloria Tang". Previously, G.E.M. G.E.M. cleared the content on the social platform, changed his avatar, changed his name and announced his official exit, and announced that his new album would release 14 episodes of MV in the form of an unprecedented "music series". In the past two weeks, G.E.M. Weibo of G.E.M. made an immersive debris forecast from the perspective of "Gloria- Gloria Tang", in which Gloria’s transformation from a promised land to a wasteland attracted people’s attention, and the final trend of her relationship with Evan also aroused expectations.

It is reported that G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album "Revelation" will be released twice a week from August 9th, and a new song MV will be updated every Tuesday and Friday at 12 noon, so stay tuned.

The ternary world finally presents a different style and a large texture.

In the final announcement released today, the three worlds of paradise, wasteland and reality are revealed one by one. After the music series started shooting, it faced many difficulties, such as the closure of the epidemic situation, repeated calls to stop filming, and forced to change actors and remake them all, G.E.M. G.E.M. finally succeeded in presenting the huge and shocking multiple spaces in the story to everyone. The pink and purple space in the promised land is dreamy and free. Gloria walks through the carnival with her friend Lulu (Nana Ou-yang) and has a sweet date with Evan (Sun Chen). The utopian life makes people feel embarrassed; The darkness of the wasteland swept through the silence and desolation, and Gloria wandered alone in a black robe, and the pain of being abandoned tore all the good things that had ever been; In the parallel real world, G.E.M. G.E.M. made a surprise appearance with short hair and wore VR glasses, which put a layer of science fiction color on the whole story. The overlapping presentation of great contrasts between the three worlds releases a huge amount of information. Which is true and which is false? "If perfection existed only in the virtual world, would you love the real me?" Gloria’s monologue in the preview also makes the metacosmic world constructed by G.E.M. G.E.M. more complicated and mysterious. In addition, G.E.M. G.E.M. acted in many roles this time. Whether it was the desperate cry in the wasteland, the ignorance and naivety in the promised land, or the collapse and crying at the scene of a tragic car accident in reality, the multi-level emotional transformation was full of appeal, showing the explosive power of G.E.M. G.E.M.’s acting skills, and the drag show between several protagonists made the MV very attractive.Drive a rich and full plot trend and strongly lift the public’s curiosity.

With the release of the final preview, the release of the first song of G.E.M. G.E.M.’s new album Revelation (August 9th) officially entered the countdown. The unprecedented innovation of this new album "Revelation" adopts the form of "music series" MV. For the first time, G.E.M Deng Zi works as a screenwriter and producer, creating independent MVs for all 14 songs, and connecting them into a complete story. Such careful design and wholehearted investment show her attention to this new album. As can be seen from the final preview released today, 14 MVs rely on a huge world view, with grand scenes and advanced texture comparable to movies. Behind the futuristic paradise is the support of Hollywood-level special effects team, and the wasteland environment overturns and reconstructs everything in the paradise, showing shocking pictures such as the sea of dividends. The whole album MV is a comprehensive upgrade from story presentation to visual production. It is reported that "Revelation" costs more than RMB 25 million, and the production cost of the MV single episode of the first song "Gloria", which will be released on August 9, is as high as 5 million, which is a rare investment in today’s music circle. Coming back with a new album after three years, I believe G.E.M. G.E.M. is bound to bring fans an unprecedented sensory experience.

Constructing the Meta-Universe Space in All Directions with the Same Frequency Interactive Substitution Feeling Full

Different from the previous single preview mode, in order to maintain the integrity of the new album and construct the meta-cosmic space in an all-round way, G.E.M. G.E.M. Weibo initiated the immersive debris preview, which not only changed its name to Gloria to update the debris in the promised land and wasteland from the first perspective, but also linked the MV male host Sun Chenjun to change its name to "Evan- Aifan" synchronously, and started their daily love interaction. At the same time, let G.E.M. G.E.M. Studio participate in the love process between Gloria and Evan in Reuters from a third perspective, guide fans to deeply substitute into the story, and gradually differentiate the details, so as to achieve a long warm-up for the official release of the new album.

In the past ten days, Gloria and Evan have formed a "Oops" CP to update their love diaries in real time. Fans follow Gloria’s love pace, discuss dating and sharing love puzzles. In the process of interacting with "Oops" CP on the same frequency, fans are more and more addicted to it, calling "Oops CP is so sweet with a face" and "The love diaries of young couples are very interesting". Up to now, during the warm-up period, the new album has won dozens of hot searches on the whole network, and the popularity of related topics is as high as 2 billion readings, and it is still rising. Fans are constantly fermenting from MV plot speculation to multi-dimensional discussion points for the new album, and the expectations are full. A few days ago, as Gloria suddenly entered the wasteland, the trend of "Alas" CP gradually abused her heart. What kind of ending will they face, and can they continue their frontier? I look forward to the answer after the first MV of the new album "Revelation" is officially released on August 9th.

The music clips revealed by G.E.M. G.E.M. in the published preview are enough to arouse netizens’ expectation. What surprises will the new song bring after it is officially released? The warm-up of the new album is coming to an end, and the love "Revelation" written and interpreted by G.E.M. G.E.M. is about to start, so let’s wait and see.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 5th　

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　On June 5th, it was World Environment Day. The reporter visited many places in China recently and saw that a more environmentally friendly city, a greener industry and a lower-carbon lifestyle have gradually become a climate. Various fields actively promoted the practice of carbon reduction and strived to create a better life in which man and nature coexist harmoniously.

　　From single building to the whole area, an environmentally friendly city with lower energy consumption.

　　On Cuiyu Road, Liangjiang New District, Chongqing, there is a house full of flowers and plants called "Chongqing House". The bougainvillea blooming all over the wall is beautiful, and dozens of plants such as golden bamboo and ivy adorn the external wall of the building, which, together with the green plants planted on the roof, makes the building integrate with the natural landscape.

　　Xiao Huang, deputy chief architect of Chongqing Bojian Architectural Planning and Design Co., Ltd. said: "The dense plants can help the building to insulate heat and cool down in summer, and the plants wither in winter. The direct sunlight can meet the indoor lighting requirements, and together with the tunnel wind system, solar energy absorber and rainwater collection pond, it can save electricity by 40% to 50% per square meter."

　　Panorama of "Chongqing House" taken by drone (photo taken on May 22, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Qianlei photo

　　The "Chongqing house" that can reduce consumption is not a case. According to the data released by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, by the first half of 2022, the proportion of new green buildings in China has exceeded 90%.

　　All localities are constantly promoting the promotion and coverage of green buildings from single buildings to ecological urban areas and low-carbon cities. In Shanghai Qiantan International Business District, the sustainable development concept of "energy-saving, low-carbon and environment-friendly city" was written into the design drawings from the beginning.

　　"More than 10 years ago, when it was still a construction site, we planned the comprehensive smart energy project of Qiantan Energy Center." Zhang Yuanyuan, general manager of Shanghai Electric Power Green Energy Co., Ltd. said that the energy center is based on natural gas, and adopts the technology of combined cooling, heating and power supply and energy storage to provide air-conditioning cold and heat sources for individual buildings in the region, "integrating the energy supply systems of independent and scattered individual buildings to realize centralized energy supply and unified coordination. At present, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of regional energy reaches 81.9%, saving energy by 35.6%. "

　　From the park to the production line, the escalating green industry.

　　The office area adopts the air conditioning mode of water storage centralized energy station to reduce the power generation cost; Public transportation, shared travel and other modes of transportation "zero distance" conversion and connection; Natural resources such as wetlands and waterfalls are reserved, and most areas are drained by natural ecological grass ditch … … Hainan Ecological Software Park, located in Chengmai County, Hainan Province, is exploring the construction of green industrial parks in all directions. Chunzhi Yang, the person in charge of the park, said that according to the conversion, the carbon emission per 10,000 yuan of output value is only two kilograms, "this is a very low value".

　　The picture shows Hainan Ecological Software Park in Chengmai, Hainan (photo taken on August 1, 2022). Xinhua News Agency reporter Guo Chengshe

　　From keeping a close eye on the "GDP per mu" of industrial land to calculating the carbon emissions per unit output value, the changes in the focus of industrial parks reflect that the concept of green development is constantly deepening. The peak carbon dioxide emissions Action Plan before 2030 issued by the State Council proposes to build a number of energy-saving and low-carbon parks that reach the international advanced level, and promote energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation in power, steel, petrochemical and other industries.

　　Recently, the hydrogen supply project of hydrogen fuel cell in Chongqing Chuanwei Chemical Co., Ltd. of China Petrochemical Group has been completed, and it can supply more than 6,000 kilograms of high-purity hydrogen every day after it is put into use, meeting the hydrogenation demand of more than 300 hydrogen fuel vehicles.

　　"A large amount of by-product hydrogen is produced in the production process of the enterprise, and we passed ‘ Complete hydrogen purification technology for fuel cell vehicles ’ Purification costs more than 30% less than conventional hydrogen production. " Hu Ze, deputy chief engineer of Chuanwei Chemical, introduced.

　　Changing the "by-products" in production into "main products" with low carbon and environmental protection, the petrochemical industry is accelerating the pace of green transformation.

　　At the same time, China’s non-fossil energy power generation industry is developing rapidly. According to the information released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on May 29th, from the comprehensive EIA approval from January to April this year, 952 photovoltaic power generation projects were involved, up by 132.2% year-on-year; There were 586 projects in the wind power industry, up 36% year-on-year.

　　From fashion to habit, into a daily low-carbon life.

　　Gubei Garden Community, a gorgeous family in Changning District, Shanghai, has a bright green bill: in the past 18 years, the community has carried out energy conservation and emission reduction for public buildings, saving an average of 38,000 kWh per month; Carry out wastewater utilization, and discharge the wastewater from the water purification system into the landscape pool through the construction of pipelines, saving more than 60,000 cubic meters of water; Domestic waste classification is implemented, and the recycling rate of dry and wet waste reaches 14.33% through wet waste composting & hellip; …

　　Residents often sit together and talk about some green topics: what else can recycled bottles and cans do? How to build an ecological space more suitable for the survival of insects and better protect biodiversity in the community? "People often say that a green lifestyle is a fashion, and we hope that through long-term practice, fashion will become a habit, so that being close to nature, protecting the environment and advocating a green and low-carbon lifestyle will become people’s daily natural choices." Chen Lei, deputy director of Gubei Garden Community Committee of Gorgeous Family, said.

　　The picture shows the "Insect Hotel" in Gubei Garden Community of Shanghai Gorgeous Family (photo taken on June 1, 2023). Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Moling photo

　　In March this year, the Measures for the Management of Carbon Pratt & Whitney in Hainan Province (Trial) was officially implemented. "This is an innovative voluntary emission reduction mechanism that rewards low-carbon behaviors and encourages the public to live a low-carbon life." Zhang Jing, director of the Finance Department of Climate Change and Science and Technology of Hainan Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, said, "For example, if the public chooses to drive new energy vehicles or take buses and other green modes of travel, they can get carbon points in accordance with the relevant provisions of carbon Pratt & Whitney, and exchange them for coupons, small gifts and other rewards."

　　At present, many cities in China have carried out innovative exploration of carbon accounts, and each individual’s carbon reduction behavior will converge into an important force for the whole society to achieve the goal of "double carbon". The relevant person in charge of the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment said that we should actively practice the green production and lifestyle, promote the overall green transformation of economic and social development in high-quality development, and make every effort to build a harmonious coexistence between man and nature in beautiful homeland. (Reporter Wang Moling, Chen Kaizi, Liu Zitong, Gao Jing)