Today, with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle market, Extreme Fox has once again launched an eye-catching masterpiece-Extreme Fox Alpha T5 with its excellent technical strength and forward-looking design concept. This model not only achieved a double breakthrough in endurance and charging efficiency, but also redefined the new standard of electric travel with its excellent performance and intelligent configuration.

Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has no worries about battery life, making it a new choice for long-distance travel.

In the field of electric vehicles, cruising range has always been one of the most concerned pain points for consumers. With its high-efficiency battery system and optimized power system, Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has brought unprecedented endurance experience to consumers. According to different battery capacity configurations, the Extreme Fox Alpha T5 provides a cruising range of up to 660 kilometers, which can easily meet the needs of commuting and long-distance travel in cities. Whether it’s a daily trip or a weekend outing, the polar fox Alpha T5 can make drivers enjoy carefree electric travel with stable endurance performance. Even if you gallop on the highway, there is no sudden drop in power. This made me deeply feel the excellent strength of the Extreme Fox Alpha T5 in battery life.

Extreme Fox Alpha T5 charges quickly, bidding farewell to power anxiety.

In addition to its strong endurance, the Extreme Fox Alpha T5 also shows excellent performance in terms of charging efficiency. This model is equipped with advanced fast charging technology, which can quickly replenish the power in a short time, greatly shortening the waiting time for charging. Whether using public fast-charging piles or household charging piles, the polar fox Alpha T5 can realize an efficient charging process, so that drivers can bid farewell to the power anxiety.

Extreme Fox Alpha T5 intelligent configuration leads the new trend of electric travel.

The Extreme Fox Alpha T5 not only performs well in battery life and charging, but also its intelligent configuration is eye-catching. The car is equipped with advanced intelligent interconnection system and high-precision navigation system, which provides convenient information entertainment and route planning services for drivers. At the same time, the vehicle is also equipped with a number of intelligent driving assistance systems, such as automatic parking and adaptive cruising, which make driving easier and safer.

The intelligence of Extreme Fox Alpha T5 is not only reflected in the driver assistance system, but also runs through the whole process of car use. Remote control of vehicles and real-time view of vehicle status through mobile APP allow drivers to master vehicle information anytime and anywhere. This intelligent car experience not only improves the convenience of driving but also enhances the safety of driving.

With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle market, consumers’ demand for electric travel is also increasing. Extreme Fox Alpha T5 has successfully led the new trend of electric travel with its excellent endurance, efficient charging efficiency and intelligent configuration design. In the future, we expect that Extreme Fox will continue to uphold the spirit of innovation and continuously introduce more excellent products to bring consumers a better travel experience.

　　The Sora model is popular all over the world, making artificial intelligence (AI) once again the focus. With this popularity, the attention of AI courses on social media platforms has only increased. Among them, many course advertisements claim that "it only takes a few hundred yuan to quickly master AI skills". Are these courses really reliable, and what legal risks are hidden behind them?

　　Recently, "Li Yizhou", a self-media blogger who made huge income by selling AI courses live, once again boarded the cusp of public opinion. Its WeChat applet "One boat, One lesson" for selling AI courses has been suspended due to violation of the Interim Provisions on the Development and Management of Public Information Services for Instant Messaging Tools, and related courses have also been removed.

　　Many students who bought the AI course in Li Yizhou accused the course of serious "water injection", many additional charging routines, and lack of after-sales and refund channels. In this regard, lawyers said that the AI courses in Li Yizhou are suspected of infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and AI model trainers, or will face legal accountability.

　　Suspected of false propaganda and infringement of consumer rights and interests

　　"Dr. Tsinghua teaches you an artificial intelligence course that you can understand", "0 basics and 0 thresholds" and "Don’t worry about learning" … Attracted by advertising slogans, many consumers spent 199 yuan to buy an AI video class in Li Yizhou online, only to find that the goods were not right after browsing.

　　Among the 40 courses, the duration of a single lesson is only about 10 minutes, and the shortest is only 2 minutes. The content of the course focuses on popular science, which is not only far from advertising, but also often induces students to upgrade the 1980 yuan advanced course. Although the students who bought the course were given more than 1 million advanced "computing power", they could do practical exercises such as drawing and making videos on Li Yizhou’s website "Yizhou Intelligence". However, an operation often costs tens of thousands of "calculations". After the gift of "calculation power" is spent, students will have to buy the relevant tools separately.

　　"This is a common low-cost drainage marketing strategy." Zhang Mingqi, a lawyer of Beijing Tianyuan (Guangzhou) Law Firm, said that if the seller sells the course at a low price but fails to guarantee the quality of the course and does not meet the publicity content, it has been suspected of violating the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Anti-Unfair Competition Law and the Price Law, which constitutes price fraud and false publicity, or will face administrative punishment.

　　Some students who expressed dissatisfaction were "kicked" out of the course group chat by the teaching assistants, and they could not contact customer service to apply for a refund.

　　There is a contractual relationship between the operator and the online course purchaser, and providing education management should be an incidental service of the course. Zhang Mingqi believes that the lack of after-sales and teaching services may also constitute a breach of contract. Consumers can ask operators to bear the responsibility according to the contract. If the operator’s related behavior constitutes fraud, according to the relevant provisions of the Consumer Protection Law, consumers even have the right to demand triple compensation.

　　However, Zhang Mingqi reminded that consumers should read the terms of the contract carefully before purchasing paid content. "Pay special attention to the core terms such as course content, fee amount and refund conditions, and collect and save transaction evidence when disputes arise." She said.

　　Suspected of infringing the copyright of AI model creators

　　Another big controversy in Li Yizhou AI course is that Yizhou intelligent website is suspected of stealing AI drawing model for profit.

　　On February 21st, a chat record posted on the online platform showed that an individual creator of AI model posted the AI drawing model of creative training on an original model sharing community website, and declared that the model could not be resold or sold as a fusion model, but then he saw the same model on Yizhou intelligent website.

　　The reporter saw in the above-mentioned sharing community website that users can use the AI drawing model uploaded by the creator to input requirements and generate pictures with specific styles. The model display interface all indicates: "If an enterprise needs to use the model for commercial purposes, it can contact the platform for consultation and register the model for commercial authorization."

　　Is AI drawing model protected by copyright law? Article 3 of China’s Copyright Law stipulates: "Works mentioned in this Law refer to intellectual achievements that are original and can be expressed in a certain form in the fields of literature, art and science". Hu Ziqi, a lawyer of Guoding Law Firm, said: "AI technology is like a drawing board that we use for traditional drawing, and its original learning material is the object of copying painting. The resulting AI drawing model still belongs to the creator’s wisdom and originality, and should be protected." He pointed out that if the creator’s statement is true, Yizhou Intelligent has used other creators’ AI drawing models for commercial purposes without permission, which has been suspected of infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of relevant creators.

　　Zhang Mingqi added that according to the statement of the relevant sharing community, although the AI ? ? drawing trainer publicly released the relevant model, he actually retained a number of rights. If Yizhou Intelligent Platform uses the relevant model without publicizing the creator, it is suspected of infringing the right of signature. Secondly, although Yizhou Intelligent claims to have "fine-tuned" the relevant model, the secondary development is also suspected of infringing the trainer’s software modification right; Publishing the revised model is suspected of infringing the trainer’s right to spread software information on the internet.

　　According to public reports, the operating entity company of the aforementioned AI model sharing community website issued a statement on February 21, saying that it privately published the AI model originally published in the community for Yizhou Intelligent, and commercialized it without notification and authorization. Lawyers have been entrusted to preserve the evidence, and legal responsibilities will be pursued against the infringer.

　　Nanfang Daily reporter Chen Ziyang

In order to implement the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on promoting carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, give full play to the role of fiscal functions, and promote the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions as scheduled, the Ministry of Finance issued the Opinions on Financial Support for Doing a Good Job in Carbon Neutralization in peak carbon dioxide emissions on May 30th (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). The Opinions support carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions from four aspects: general requirements, key directions and areas of support, fiscal policy measures and safeguard measures.

In addition, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance answered the reporter’s questions about the Opinions.

The "Opinions" pointed out that by 2025, the fiscal policy tools will be continuously enriched, and the fiscal and taxation policy framework conducive to green and low-carbon development will be initially established, which will strongly support all industries in various regions to accelerate green and low-carbon transformation.Before 2030, a fiscal and taxation policy system conducive to green and low-carbon development will be basically formed, and a long-term mechanism to promote green and low-carbon development will be gradually established to promote the smooth realization of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s goals. Before 2060, the policy system of financial support for green and low-carbon development is mature and sound, and the goal of carbon neutrality is promoted smoothly.

The Opinions call for strengthening the overall planning of financial resources, optimizing the structure of fiscal expenditure, and increasing support for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions.Improve the market-oriented diversified investment mechanism. Study and set up a national low-carbon transformation fund to support the green transformation of traditional industries and resource-rich areas. Give full play to the guiding role of existing government investment funds, including the National Green Development Fund. Encourage social capital to set up green and low-carbon industry investment funds in a market-oriented way. Incorporate eligible green and low-carbon development projects into the scope of government bond support. Take various ways to support government and social capital cooperation (PPP) projects in the field of ecological environment, and standardize local governments’ performance of PPP projects.

The "Opinions" proposes to give play to the incentive and restraint role of tax policies.. Implement tax policies such as environmental protection tax, resource tax, consumption tax, vehicle and vessel tax, vehicle purchase tax, value-added tax and enterprise income tax; We will implement preferential tax policies such as energy saving and water saving and comprehensive utilization of resources, study and support tax policies related to carbon emission reduction, and give full play to the role of taxation in promoting the green and low-carbon development of market players. Optimize the tariff structure according to the requirements of accelerating green and low-carbon development and continuously improving environmental quality.

In the direction of key support areas, the Opinions pointed out that renewable energy such as photovoltaic, wind power and biomass energy should be supported.And the new energy with steady output replaces fossil energy. Improve support policies to encourage unconventional natural gas exploitation to increase production and quantity. Encourage qualified areas to try first, develop new energy storage and pumped storage according to local conditions, and accelerate the formation of an electric power development mechanism based on energy storage and peak shaving capacity. Strengthen energy conservation supervision of key industries and key equipment, and organize energy measurement review.

Vigorously support the development of new energy vehicles, improve the charging and replacing infrastructure support policies., steadily promote the demonstration and application of fuel cell vehicles. Promote the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, continuously carry out comprehensive management of coal-fired boilers and industrial furnaces, expand the support scope of clean heating in winter in northern China, and encourage the use of clean energy for heating according to local conditions.

To support peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon-neutral work, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance said,The Ministry of Finance has comprehensively used various policies and measures such as financial fund guidance, tax adjustment and government green procurement to support the promotion of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions., and support the development of clean energy through the following channels:

The first is to implement the financial subsidy policy for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.The Ministry of Finance, together with relevant departments, will continue to improve the subsidy policy for the purchase of new energy vehicles, continuously raise the threshold of subsidy technology, reasonably grasp the strength and pace of subsidy standards, and promote the high-quality development of the new energy vehicle industry. In 2021, China’s new energy (600617) automobile sales reached 3.521 million, up 1.6 times year-on-year, ranking first in the world for seven consecutive years. At the end of 2021, the Ministry of Finance, together with relevant departments, issued a notice, comprehensively considering factors such as the development plan of the new energy vehicle industry, the market sales trend and the smooth transition of enterprises, and clarifying that the purchase subsidy policy for new energy vehicles will be terminated on December 31, 2022.

The second is to implement the subsidy policy for renewable energy power generation.Since 2006, the central government has implemented a subsidy policy for renewable energy power generation based on fixed electricity prices, and strived to promote the high-quality leap-forward development of renewable energy. By the end of 2021, the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation in China reached 1.063 billion kilowatts, including 328 million kilowatts of wind power generation, 306 million kilowatts of photovoltaic power generation and 37.98 million kilowatts of biomass power generation. In 2021, the national renewable energy generation capacity reached 2.48 trillion kWh.

The third is to encourage the exploitation and utilization of unconventional natural gas.Since shale gas was included in the scope of subsidies in 2012, domestic unconventional natural gas production has increased steadily for nine consecutive years. Since 2019, unconventional natural gas included in the scope of subsidies includes shale gas, coalbed methane and tight gas. According to the principle of "more subsidies and more subsidies in winter", unconventional natural gas subsidies are based on the results-oriented method of incremental assessment, encouraging local and enterprises to increase gas production. With the support of policies, the actual exploitation and utilization of unconventional natural gas in 2021 will account for more than one third of China’s total natural gas production, which will become an important guarantee for production.

The fourth is to promote clean heating in winter in the northern region.In recent years, the central government has allocated special funds for the prevention and control of air pollution to support the clean heating work in the northern region in winter, including 88 cities in five batches, guiding local governments to carry out clean heating renovation and energy-saving renovation of existing buildings according to local conditions, effectively reducing loose coal consumption, promoting the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and promoting the green transformation of energy structure.

The following is the original text of "Opinions on Financial Support for Carbon Neutralization in peak carbon dioxide emissions":

In order to thoroughly implement the major strategic decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, according to the relevant work arrangements of "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Completely, Accurately and Comprehensively Implementing the New Development Concept and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Neutralization in peak carbon dioxide emissions" and "peak carbon dioxide emissions Action Plan by 2030" (Guo Fa [2021] No.23), we hereby put forward the following opinions on financial support for doing a good job in carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions.

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology.

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress, thoroughly implement the Supreme Leader’s ecological civilization thought, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability in accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, fully implement the new development concept based on the new development stage, build a new development pattern, promote high-quality development, adhere to the systematic concept, and incorporate carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction and the overall economic and social development. Adhere to the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, actively build a fiscal and taxation policy system conducive to promoting efficient use of resources and green and low-carbon development, promote a better combination of promising government and effective market, and support the realization of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality goal as scheduled.

(2) Working principles.

Based on the present, focus on the long-term. Focusing on achieving the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions as scheduled, we should strengthen the connection between financial support policies and the national "14th Five-Year Plan" outline, seize the critical period and window period of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s work during the 14th Five-Year Plan, implement proactive fiscal policies, improve efficiency, pay more attention to accurate and sustainable requirements, and rationally plan financial support for peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality policy system.

Adjust measures to local conditions and make overall plans. Local financial departments make overall consideration of local work basis and reality, promote work in a steady and orderly manner, make classified policies, and formulate and implement financial support measures that are both in line with their own reality and meet the overall requirements. Strengthen the overall planning of financial resources and normalize the implementation of the direct mechanism of financial funds. Promote the coordinated efforts of funds, taxation, government procurement and other policies to improve the effectiveness of fiscal policy.

Results-oriented, rewarding the superior and punishing the inferior. Strengthen budget constraints and performance management, and the central government will give incentives and support to areas that have achieved outstanding results in promoting related work; Appropriately deduct relevant transfer payment funds in areas where the relevant work is not active or the effect is not obvious, and form an incentive and restraint mechanism.

Strengthen communication, internal and external smooth. Adhere to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, fairness and respective capabilities, strengthen multilateral and bilateral international financial dialogue, exchange and cooperation, coordinate domestic and international resources, promote advanced green and low-carbon technologies and experiences at home and abroad, deeply participate in global climate governance, and actively strive for international resources support.

(3) Main objectives.

By 2025, fiscal policy tools will be continuously enriched, and a fiscal and taxation policy framework conducive to green and low-carbon development will be initially established, which will strongly support all industries in various regions to accelerate green and low-carbon transformation. Before 2030, a fiscal and taxation policy system conducive to green and low-carbon development will be basically formed, and a long-term mechanism to promote green and low-carbon development will be gradually established to promote the smooth realization of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s goals. Before 2060, the policy system of financial support for green and low-carbon development is mature and sound, and the goal of carbon neutrality is promoted smoothly.

Second, support key directions and areas

(1) Support the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system. Orderly reduce and replace, and promote the transformation and upgrading of coal consumption. Optimize the clean energy support policy, vigorously support the high proportion of renewable energy applications, and promote the construction of a new power system with a gradually increasing proportion of new energy. Support renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind power and biomass energy, as well as new energy sources with stable output to replace fossil energy. Improve support policies to encourage unconventional natural gas exploitation to increase production and quantity. Encourage qualified areas to try first, develop new energy storage and pumped storage according to local conditions, and accelerate the formation of an electric power development mechanism based on energy storage and peak shaving capacity. Strengthen energy conservation supervision of key industries and key equipment, and organize energy measurement review.

(2) Support the green and low-carbon transformation in key industries. Support the industrial sector to develop into high-end, intelligent and green advanced manufacturing. Deepen the establishment of urban-rural transportation integration demonstration counties and improve the equalization level of urban-rural transportation services. Support the optimization and adjustment of transportation structure. Vigorously support the development of new energy vehicles, improve the supporting policies for charging and replacing infrastructure, and steadily promote the demonstration and application of fuel cell vehicles. Promote the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, continuously carry out comprehensive management of coal-fired boilers and industrial furnaces, expand the support scope of clean heating in winter in northern China, and encourage the use of clean energy for heating according to local conditions. Support northern heating areas to carry out energy-saving renovation of existing urban residential buildings and rural houses, and promote peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality in urban and rural construction. We will continue to promote the substitution of electric energy in industries, transportation, construction, agriculture and rural areas, and implement "replacing coal with electricity" and "replacing oil with electricity".

(3) Support green and low-carbon scientific and technological innovation and basic capacity building. Strengthen support for the research and development, popularization and application of green technologies such as low carbon, zero carbon and negative carbon, energy conservation and environmental protection. Encourage qualified units, enterprises and regions to tackle key problems of low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative-carbon energy storage new materials, new technologies and new equipment, as well as industrialization and large-scale application, and establish and improve a green and low-carbon technology assessment and trading system and a scientific and technological innovation service platform. Strengthen the research on peak carbon dioxide emissions’s basic theory, basic methods, technical standards and realization path of carbon neutrality. Strengthen the basic support of carbon sink in ecosystem. Support the capacity building to adapt to climate change, and improve the capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation.

(4) Support green and low-carbon life and resource conservation and utilization. Develop circular economy, promote comprehensive utilization of resources, and strengthen the utilization of urban and rural garbage and rural waste resources. Improve the recycling system of waste materials and promote the recycling of renewable resources to improve quality and efficiency. Establish and improve the extended producer responsibility system for automobiles, electrical and electronic products, and promote the healthy development of the renewable resource recycling industry. Promote the resource utilization of crop straw and livestock manure, and promote the recycling of plastic film. Support the construction of "waste-free cities" and form a number of replicable and popularized experience models.

(5) Support the consolidation and improvement of carbon sink capacity. Support the improvement of ecological carbon sink capacity of forests, grasslands, wetlands and oceans. Carry out integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes, grass and sand. Implement major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. We will further promote large-scale land greening, comprehensively protect natural forests, consolidate the achievements of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, support the management and protection of forest resources and the prevention and control of forest and grassland fires, strengthen the ecological restoration of grasslands, and strengthen the protection and restoration of wetlands. Support pastoral and semi-pastoral provinces to implement the grassland compensation policy, accelerate the transformation of the development mode of grass and animal husbandry, and promote the steady recovery of grassland ecological environment. Promote the protection and restoration of marine ecosystems as a whole, and enhance the carbon fixation capacity of mangroves, seagrass beds and salt marshes. Support the comprehensive control of soil erosion.

(6) Support the improvement of the green and low-carbon market system. Give full play to the role of trading markets such as carbon emission rights, energy use rights and emission rights, and guide the optimization of industrial layout. Improve the statistical accounting and supervision system of carbon emissions, improve the relevant standard system, and strengthen the construction of carbon emission monitoring and measurement system. Support the unified supervision and management of national carbon emissions trading, improve the quota allocation management of the national carbon emissions trading market, gradually expand the scope of trading industries, enrich trading varieties and trading methods, and introduce paid distribution in due course. We will fully implement the pollutant discharge permit system, improve the paid use and trading system of pollutant discharge rights, and actively cultivate the trading market. Improve the carbon emission reporting and information disclosure system of enterprises and financial institutions.

Third, fiscal policy measures

(1) Strengthen the guiding role of financial funds. Strengthen the overall planning of financial resources, optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, and increase support for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. The financial fund arrangement closely revolves around the deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. The fund allocation highlights key points, strengthens the protection of key industries and improves the accuracy of the fund policy. When allocating the existing central-local related transfer payment funds, the central government will give incentives and support to areas that have achieved outstanding results in promoting related work and played a leading role in demonstration.

(2) Improve the market-oriented diversified investment mechanism. Study and set up a national low-carbon transformation fund to support the green transformation of traditional industries and resource-rich areas. Give full play to the guiding role of existing government investment funds, including the National Green Development Fund. Encourage social capital to set up green and low-carbon industry investment funds in a market-oriented way. Incorporate eligible green and low-carbon development projects into the scope of government bond support. Take various ways to support government and social capital cooperation (PPP) projects in the field of ecological environment, and standardize local governments’ performance of PPP projects.

(3) Give play to the role of tax policy as an incentive and restraint. Implement tax policies such as environmental protection tax, resource tax, consumption tax, vehicle and vessel tax, vehicle purchase tax, value-added tax and enterprise income tax; We will implement preferential tax policies such as energy saving and water saving and comprehensive utilization of resources, study and support tax policies related to carbon emission reduction, and give full play to the role of taxation in promoting the green and low-carbon development of market players. Optimize the tariff structure according to the requirements of accelerating green and low-carbon development and continuously improving environmental quality.

(4) Improve the government’s green procurement policy. Establish and improve the government procurement demand standard system for green and low-carbon products, and formulate the government procurement demand standards for green buildings and green building materials by classification. Vigorously promote the application of prefabricated buildings and green building materials to promote the improvement of building quality. Increase the government procurement of new energy and clean energy official vehicles and ships. In addition to special geographical environment and other factors, official vehicles such as confidential communications should purchase new energy vehicles in principle, giving priority to the rental services of new energy vehicles, and official ships should give priority to the purchase of new energy and clean energy ships. Strengthen the main responsibility of purchasers, specify the requirements of green and low carbon in government procurement documents, and increase the procurement of green and low carbon products.

(5) Strengthening international cooperation in tackling climate change. Based on China’s position as a developing country, we will stabilize the existing multilateral and bilateral climate financing channels and continue to seek technical, financial and project assistance from international financial organizations and foreign governments. Actively participate in the United Nations Climate funding negotiations, promote the full and effective implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement, build a green and low-carbon brand of the Belt and Road Initiative, and jointly promote global climate and environmental governance. Closely follow and actively participate in the formulation of international sustainable disclosure standards.

Fourth, safeguard measures

(1) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities. The financial departments at all levels should earnestly improve their political stance, attach great importance to the work related to carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, and promote the realization of the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions as scheduled in accordance with the relevant requirements of the division of financial affairs and expenditure responsibilities between the central and local governments. Provincial financial departments should improve the working mechanism, study and formulate local financial support to do a good job in peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon-neutral policies and measures, compact responsibilities at different levels, clarify the division of responsibilities, and strengthen supervision and guidance to the financial departments of cities and counties. The financial departments of cities and counties are responsible for the financial support of the administrative region for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, and do a good job in the implementation of central and provincial policies.

(2) Strengthen coordination and cooperation. Establish and improve the collaborative promotion mechanism of financial departments’ up-and-down linkage and horizontal interaction between finance and other departments. The financial departments at all levels should speed up sorting out the existing policies, clearly support the investment channels related to carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, include the tasks related to carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions in the scope of support, strengthen coordination with the departments of development and reform, science and technology, industry and informatization, natural resources, ecological environment, housing and urban and rural construction, transportation, water conservancy, agriculture and rural areas, energy, forestry and grass, meteorology, etc., and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects to form a joint effort.

(3) Strict budget management. Continuously improve the allocation efficiency of financial resources and the efficiency of financial support for carbon-neutral funds in peak carbon dioxide emissions. We will promote the full coverage of budget fund performance management in supporting carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, strengthen budget fund performance evaluation and daily supervision, and harden budget constraints. Improve the incentive and restraint mechanism to support peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon-neutral work by linking the budget arrangement of relevant funds with performance results. Adhere to the convergence of capital investment with policy planning and tasks, and strengthen supervision and evaluation of the completion of objectives and tasks. The local regulatory bureaus of the Ministry of Finance shall evaluate the relevant funds supporting carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, find problems in time, propose improvement measures, and supervise the local authorities to implement rectification measures.

(4) Intensify study and publicity. Financial cadres at all levels should consciously strengthen the study and research on policies and basic knowledge related to carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, regard the contents related to carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions as an important part of the education and training system for financial cadres, and enhance the ability of financial cadres at all levels to do a good job in carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. Increase financial support to do a good job in peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon-neutral propaganda and popular science work, encourage qualified areas to strengthen ecological civilization propaganda and education in various ways, build a carbon-neutral theme popular science base in peak carbon dioxide emissions, promote the concept of ecological civilization to be more deeply rooted in people’s hearts, and promote the formation of a good atmosphere for green and low-carbon development.

In addition, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance answered a reporter’s question on the "Opinions on Financial Support to Do a Good Job in Carbon Neutralization in peak carbon dioxide emissions"

In order to implement the major strategic decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, the Ministry of Finance issued the Opinions on Financial Support for Carbon Neutralization in peak carbon dioxide emissions (No.53 [2022] of the Treasury Department, hereinafter referred to as the Opinions). Recently, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance answered a reporter’s question about the Opinions.

1. Q: What is the background and significance of the Opinions?

A: Achieving carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, which is related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and the building of a community of human destiny. It is the only way for China to promote high-quality development in the new stage of development. As one of the "1+N" policy systems for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, Opinions is the top-level design document for the financial department to implement the relevant major decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and it is also an important guarantee scheme for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. The promulgation of the "Opinions" is conducive to clarifying the work objectives of financial support for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, guiding financial cadres at all levels to improve their political positions, unify their thinking and understanding, and work hard to promote their work; It is conducive to guiding financial departments at all levels to clearly support the key directions and areas of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, identify the focus points, and accelerate the establishment and improvement of a fiscal and taxation policy system that promotes efficient use of resources and green and low-carbon development; It is conducive to giving full play to the synergy of fiscal funds, taxation, government procurement and other policies, forming a collaborative promotion mechanism in which the financial sector is linked up and down and the financial sector interacts horizontally with other departments, and vigorously promoting the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions.

2. Q: What are the general framework and main contents of the Opinions?

A: Based on the current stage of development, the Opinions focus on supporting the realization of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s work, and put forward the comprehensive use of financial funds guidance, tax adjustment, diversified investment, government green procurement and other policy measures to do a good job in financial security, including four parts. The first is the overall requirements. This paper mainly expounds the guiding ideology, working principles and main objectives of financial support for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. The second is to support key directions and fields. Clearly focus on supporting the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, green and low-carbon transformation in key industries, green and low-carbon technological innovation and basic capacity building, green and low-carbon life and resource conservation and utilization, consolidation and improvement of carbon sink capacity, and improvement of green and low-carbon market system. The third is fiscal policy measures. Including strengthening the guiding role of financial funds, improving the market-oriented diversified investment mechanism, giving play to the incentive and restraint role of tax policies, improving the government’s green procurement policy, and strengthening international cooperation in dealing with climate change. The fourth is safeguard measures. Specifically, it includes four aspects: strengthening the implementation of responsibilities, strengthening coordination and cooperation, strict budget management, and increasing learning and publicity.

3. Q: What are the principles of financial support for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions?

A: The Opinions put forward four principles. First, based on the current situation and focusing on the long term. Focusing on achieving the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions as scheduled, we should strengthen the connection between financial support policies and the national "14th Five-Year Plan" outline, seize the critical period and window period of peak carbon dioxide emissions’s work during the 14th Five-Year Plan, implement proactive fiscal policies, improve efficiency, pay more attention to accurate and sustainable requirements, and rationally plan financial support for peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality policy system. The second is to adjust measures to local conditions and make overall plans. Local financial departments make overall consideration of local work basis and reality, promote work in a steady and orderly manner, make classified policies, and formulate and implement financial support measures that are both in line with their own reality and meet the overall requirements. Strengthen the overall planning of financial resources and normalize the implementation of the direct mechanism of financial funds. Promote the coordinated efforts of funds, taxation, government procurement and other policies to improve the effectiveness of fiscal policy. The third is result-oriented, rewarding the superior and punishing the inferior. Strengthen budget constraints and performance management, and the central government will give incentives and support to areas that have achieved outstanding results in promoting related work; Appropriately deduct relevant transfer payment funds in areas where the relevant work is not active or the effect is not obvious, and form an incentive and restraint mechanism. The fourth is to strengthen exchanges and smooth internal and external flows. Adhere to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, fairness and respective capabilities, strengthen multilateral and bilateral international financial dialogue, exchange and cooperation, coordinate domestic and international resources, promote advanced green and low-carbon technologies and experiences at home and abroad, deeply participate in global climate governance, and actively strive for international resources support.

4. Q: How to ensure the effectiveness of the Opinions?

A: The Ministry of Finance will guide local financial departments to implement the requirements of the Opinions and focus on the following aspects. First, increase publicity and implementation. Guiding local financial departments to unify their thinking and understanding, improve their political stance, and thoroughly study and understand the major strategic decisions of the CPC Central Committee will promote the realization of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions into the overall financial work at all levels, improve the learning and training content, and promote the formation of a good atmosphere for green and low-carbon development. The second is to strengthen the implementation of responsibilities. Guide the provincial financial departments to improve the working mechanism, study and formulate local financial support to do a good job in carbon-neutral policies and measures in peak carbon dioxide emissions, compact responsibilities at different levels, clarify the division of responsibilities, strengthen supervision and guidance to the financial departments of cities and counties, and the financial departments of cities and counties are responsible for the work in their respective administrative areas and do a good job in the implementation of superior policies. The third is to strengthen coordination and cooperation. We will speed up the establishment and improvement of a collaborative promotion mechanism for the linkage between the financial departments and the horizontal interaction between finance and other departments, and bring the relevant tasks of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions into the scope of support, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties and form a joint effort. The fourth is to continuously follow up and ask for results. Continuously improve the efficiency of financial resource allocation and the efficiency of financial support for carbon-neutral funds in peak carbon dioxide emissions, strengthen the performance evaluation and daily supervision of budget funds, and harden budget constraints. Adhere to the convergence of capital investment with policy planning and tasks, and strengthen supervision and evaluation of the completion of objectives and tasks.

Q: What measures has the Ministry of Finance taken to support carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions?

A: Under the guidance of the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, the Ministry of Finance conscientiously implements the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, constantly innovates and improves the policy system, and comprehensively uses various policy measures such as financial fund guidance, tax adjustment and government green procurement to support the promotion of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. First, strengthen financial guarantee and increase support through multiple channels. In 2021, the central government will strengthen the overall planning of resources, optimize the expenditure structure, and arrange about 350 billion yuan to support green and low-carbon development. The allocation of funds will focus on the promotion and application of clean energy, low-carbon transformation in key industries, scientific and technological innovation and capacity building, and the consolidation and upgrading of carbon sink capacity, so as to improve the accuracy of capital policies. The second is to give full play to the incentive and restraint role of tax policies. On the one hand, we will implement tax policies to support environmental protection and green development. Exempt qualified new energy vehicles from vehicle purchase tax and vehicle and vessel tax to guide green and low-carbon travel; Fully implement the reform of ad valorem collection of mineral resources tax and promote the rational development of resources. On the other hand, optimize the tariff structure, reduce tariffs on some environmental products such as diesel engine filter devices, and implement zero tariffs or low tariffs on resource-based products and steel primary products to guide and promote green and low-carbon development. The third is to promote the establishment of a diversified capital investment mechanism. Through the National Green Development Fund, social capital will be driven to support the green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and market players in the field of green development will be accelerated by financial means to better serve the green transformation of the real economy. Standardize and orderly promote the cooperation between government and social capital in the field of ecological and environmental protection(PPP), give play to the inciting role of financial funds. The fourth is to continuously improve the government’s green procurement policy. Improve the implementation mechanism of government procurement policies for energy-saving and environmentally-friendly products. Energy-saving and environmentally-friendly products that fall within the scope of the item list can enjoy the support of government compulsory procurement and priority procurement policies as long as they pass the relevant national certification. Compacting the green procurement responsibility of purchasers, promoting the application of green procurement demand standards in the fields of construction, express packaging and commodity packaging, and implementing the green procurement policy objectives. Fifth, actively participate in the governance and cooperation of global environmental climate funding mechanism. Constructively participate in the negotiation on the funding issues of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement, defend the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, safeguard the principle of voluntary capital contribution and the rights and interests of developing countries, and create an external environment conducive to achieving the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. Strengthen the strategic guidance to the Global Environment Facility and the Green Climate Fund, and actively use the funds of international multilateral and bilateral institutions to help achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions.

6. Q: What channels does the Ministry of Finance mainly support the development of clean energy? What are the next steps?

A: Supporting the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system is an important work to promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions. The central government attaches great importance to this and has carried out a lot of work, which has achieved remarkable results. The first is to implement the financial subsidy policy for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles. The Ministry of Finance, together with relevant departments, will continue to improve the subsidy policy for the purchase of new energy vehicles, continuously raise the threshold of subsidy technology, reasonably grasp the strength and pace of subsidy standards, and promote the high-quality development of the new energy vehicle industry. In 2021, the sales of new energy vehicles in China reached 3.521 million, a year-on-year increase of 1.6 times, ranking first in the world for seven consecutive years. At the end of 2021, the Ministry of Finance, together with relevant departments, issued a notice, comprehensively considering factors such as the development plan of the new energy vehicle industry, the market sales trend and the smooth transition of enterprises, and clarifying that the purchase subsidy policy for new energy vehicles will be terminated on December 31, 2022. The second is to implement the subsidy policy for renewable energy power generation. Since 2006, the central government has implemented a subsidy policy for renewable energy power generation based on fixed electricity prices, and strived to promote the high-quality leap-forward development of renewable energy. By the end of 2021, the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation in China reached 1.063 billion kilowatts, including 328 million kilowatts of wind power generation, 306 million kilowatts of photovoltaic power generation and 37.98 million kilowatts of biomass power generation. In 2021, the national renewable energy generation capacity reached 2.48 trillion kWh. The third is to encourage the exploitation and utilization of unconventional natural gas. Since shale gas was included in the scope of subsidies in 2012,Domestic unconventional natural gas production has increased steadily for nine consecutive years. Since 2019, unconventional natural gas included in the scope of subsidies includes shale gas, coalbed methane and tight gas. According to the principle of "more subsidies and more subsidies in winter", unconventional natural gas subsidies are based on the results-oriented method of incremental assessment, encouraging local and enterprises to increase gas production. With the support of policies, the actual exploitation and utilization of unconventional natural gas in 2021 will account for more than one third of China’s total natural gas production, which will become an important guarantee for production. The fourth is to promote clean heating in winter in the northern region. In recent years, the central government has allocated special funds for the prevention and control of air pollution to support the clean heating work in the northern region in winter, including 88 cities in five batches, guiding local governments to carry out clean heating renovation and energy-saving renovation of existing buildings according to local conditions, effectively reducing loose coal consumption, promoting the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and promoting the green transformation of energy structure.

7. Q: At present, what are the main tax policies to support green and low-carbon development?

A: Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", China has formed a green tax system framework with environmental protection tax, resource tax and farmland occupation tax "multi-tax governance" and systematic tax preferential policies such as value-added tax and enterprise income tax "multi-policy combination". In the current tax system, resources tax, consumption tax, value-added tax, income tax, vehicle purchase tax and vehicle and vessel tax are closely related to ecological environment protection. The policy design not only pays attention to the incentives for ecological protection and innovative development, but also strengthens the constraints on ecological destruction and extensive development. It also actively promotes tax reduction and fee reduction, releases policy dividends, and injects strong impetus into local high-quality development. First, the consumption tax is levied on refined oil to regulate energy consumption in the transportation field. China implemented the reform of refined oil tax and fee in 2009, and then raised the unit tax of refined oil several times. The second is to set the consumption tax rate differently, reduce the car purchase tax and car and boat tax, and guide green and low-carbon travel. According to the principle of "large displacement and more negative tax, small displacement and less negative tax", the applicable tax rate of consumption tax on passenger cars and motorcycles is set; Exempt new energy vehicles from vehicle purchase tax; Travel tax shall be exempted for new energy vehicles and vessels, and halved for energy-saving vehicles. The third is to levy environmental protection tax from 2018 to reduce pollutant emissions. Four kinds of pollutants, such as air pollutants, water pollutants, solid waste and noise, are levied. The emission costs of key energy users and emitters in thermal power, steel, cement, chemical industry and other industries have increased, which has played a positive role in encouraging cleaner production and promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. Fourth, since July 2016, the reform of ad valorem taxation of mineral resources tax has been fully implemented.Promote the conservation and intensive use of resources. Fifth, implement tax incentives related to value-added tax and enterprise income tax, and guide enterprises to replace fossil energy with clean energy and renewable energy. Improve the preferential tax policies for environmental protection, energy saving and water saving, and issue the Catalogue of Preferential Enterprise Income Tax for Environmental Protection, Energy Saving and Water Saving Projects (2021 Edition); Improve the tax policy for comprehensive utilization of resources, and issue the Announcement on Improving the VAT Policy for Comprehensive Utilization of Resources and the Catalogue of Preferential Enterprise Income Tax for Comprehensive Utilization of Resources (2021 Edition).

8. Q: At present, what is the implementation of the government green procurement policy of the Ministry of Finance? What are the next considerations?

A: In recent years, the Ministry of Finance has continuously improved the government’s green procurement policy and promoted state organs, institutions and organizations to actively purchase and use green and low-carbon products. First, increase compulsory procurement and give priority to energy-saving and environmental protection products. Improve the implementation mechanism of government procurement of energy-saving and environmental protection products. Products that fall within the scope of the list of energy-saving and environmental protection government procurement items can enjoy preferential procurement policies as long as they pass the national certification. In 2020, the procurement scale of energy-saving and environmental protection products will account for more than 85% of the government procurement scale of similar products, effectively promoting the development of related industries and playing a positive leading role in social green consumption. The second is to promote the application of green buildings and green building materials. Six cities including Shaoxing were promoted to use green building materials in public buildings such as hospitals and schools, and new construction methods such as assembly and intelligence were used. The amount of projects included in the pilot reached 102.5 billion yuan. The third is to build a standard system of government green procurement demand. In conjunction with the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the State Post Bureau, the demand standards for express packaging were formulated, and indicators such as heavy metal content in packaging materials were specified from three aspects: green, reduced and recyclable, so as to guide suppliers to use recycled organic and renewable packaging products. Study and formulate government procurement demand standards such as green data center and printing and copying consumables. The fourth is to support the green procurement of key products. To promote the application of new energy vehicles, it is required that confidential communication, law enforcement duty and commuting vehicles with relatively fixed routes purchase new energy vehicles in principle, and guide Hainan Province to try to purchase domestic clean energy vehicles.In the fixed-point procurement scheme of furniture, printing, automobile maintenance and other central budget units, it is clearly required to use low-volatile raw and auxiliary materials to reduce air pollution. In the next step, the Ministry of Finance will accelerate the establishment and improvement of the government procurement demand standard system for green and low-carbon products, and classify and formulate the government procurement demand standards for green buildings and green building materials; Vigorously promote the application of prefabricated buildings and green building materials to promote the improvement of building quality; Strengthen the main responsibility of purchasers, specify the requirements of green and low carbon in government procurement documents, and increase the procurement of green and low carbon products.

9. Q: How does the Ministry of Finance support the R&D and promotion of green and low-carbon technologies and basic capacity building?

A: In supporting scientific and technological innovation. First, support scientific research activities related to green and low-carbon development by supporting the organization and implementation of science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.) of the central government, such as supporting the implementation of key national R&D plans such as clean and efficient utilization of coal and new energy-saving technologies, renewable energy and hydrogen energy technologies, new energy vehicles, green buildings and building industrialization, and nuclear safety and advanced nuclear energy technologies during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, so as to upgrade the technologies supporting green and low-carbon development. From 2021, we will support the layout of key projects of the national key R&D plan "Earth System and Global Change (Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies of Carbon Neutralization in peak carbon dioxide emissions)". Second, provide stable support to relevant central scientific research institutes and state key laboratories in the field of green and low-carbon development, support them to improve the basic conditions of scientific research, and independently carry out research. Relevant units can independently carry out research related to green and low-carbon development around the national strategic deployment and the requirements of industry departments. In supporting basic capacity building. Mainly through the budget of relevant departments to support relevant departments to strengthen environmental quality monitoring, environmental monitoring and law enforcement, natural resources management, natural ecological protection and other key work, strengthen the construction of carbon emission statistical accounting and supervision system, carry out carbon monitoring and evaluation pilot, carbon emission statistical accounting and analysis, and at the same time strengthen the basic theory, basic methods and realization path research of carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions.

10. Q: What funds does the Ministry of Finance mainly use to support the consolidation and upgrading of carbon sink capacity, and what is the effect?

A: The central government supports the enhancement of ecological carbon sink capacity of forests, grasslands, wetlands and oceans through central-local transfer payments. First, through key ecological protection and restoration funds, support the integrated protection and restoration project of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes, grass and sand, implement the demonstration project of ecological restoration of abandoned mines left over from history, promote the comprehensive management, systematic management and source management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields and lakes, effectively promote ecological restoration, improve the ecosystem quality of the core areas of key ecological areas such as Qilian Mountain (600720), Loess Plateau and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as a whole, and expand the ecological space. Second, through the transfer of funds from forestry and grassland, we will further promote large-scale land greening actions, comprehensively protect natural forests, consolidate the achievements of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, support forest resources management and protection and prevention of forest and grassland fires, strengthen grassland ecological restoration and management, and strengthen wetland protection and restoration. China’s forest coverage rate has increased to 23.04%, grassland comprehensive vegetation coverage rate has reached 56.1%, and wetland protection rate has reached 52%. The prevention and control of desertification land has become a global model. Third, through the marine ecological protection and restoration funds, we will promote the "Blue Bay" rectification action, mangrove protection and restoration, and coastal protection and restoration projects as a whole, and enhance the carbon fixation capacity of mangroves, seagrass beds, and Dunaliella salina. Fourth, through agricultural resources and ecological protection subsidy funds, we will implement the third round of grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policies, accelerate the transformation of the development mode of grass and animal husbandry, promote the steady recovery of grassland ecological environment, promote the protection and utilization of black land in Northeast China, and carry out green planting and recycling agriculture pilot.Promote the comprehensive utilization of crop straw.

　　According to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in the first quarter of this year, the 12321 Internet Bad and Spam Reporting Acceptance Center received more than 150,000 complaints about harassing calls and text messages. Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has taken decisive measures against all kinds of harassing calls and information chaos.Provisions on Management of Communication Short Message and Voice Call Service (Draft for Comment)Open for comments!

　　I believe everyone has felt this way.

　　Be harassed by different types of spam or phone calls.

　　Unsubscribe It’s useless at all

　　Complaints? Have a poor effect

　　Be overwhelmed but helpless.

　　Now the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has decisively attacked.

　　solicit public opinions

　　Strive to give users a clean cyberspace.

　　Three main points and three barriers to build information security firewall

　　Please check the following points.

　　↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

　　Three main points

　　1. Any organization or individualWithout the user’s consent or request, or if the user explicitly refuses, no commercial short message or commercial telephone call shall be sent to him..

　　2. UsersWithout explicit consent, it shall be regarded as rejection..

　　3. UsersAfter agreeing, he explicitly refused to accept it., should stop.

　　It is clearly stipulated that short message service providers send port-type commercial short messages,It should be ensured that the relevant users have agreed or requested to receive it., and keep the user consent certificate for at least five months.

　　Short message service providers shall not change the use of telecommunication network code numbers without authorization., the port used to send business management and service short messages shall not be used to send commercial short messages, and users shall not be restricted from receiving business management or service short messages without justifiable reasons.

　　Three barriers

　　1. SMS and telephone service management platform,Once similar problems are found, actions can be taken against enterprises that have such behaviors, including restricting or suspending their communication functions.

　　2. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will organize the establishment of a national unified"Call Rejection" platformTo guide relevant organizations or individuals to respect users’ wishes and standardize commercial telephone calls.

　　3. The 12321 Acceptance Center is responsible for the follow-up user complaints and handling procedures.

　　For complaints with complete and accurate information, the 12321 acceptance center shall, after receiving the complaint.3 working daysTransfer it to relevant enterprises for verification and handling. Relevant enterprises shall take timely measures after verification, and15 working daysFeedback to the 12321 acceptance center. After receiving the disposal result, the 12321 acceptance center3 working daysFeedback the processing result to the user.

　　In addition, the Opinions are also correct.Ming Ming knows not to do, but deliberately violated.Enterprises to take administrative fines and other disciplinary measures, including10,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan.Fine,Revocation of telecom business license, and the basic telecommunications business operators and mobile communication resale business operators who shoulder the management responsibility will also bear the consequences of being warned and fined if they turn a blind eye to such behaviors.

　　Spam has been a headache for a long time.

　　Some people may say.

　　Spam and phone calls

　　Why don’t we just ignore it?

　　However, in fact

　　Its harm is far greater than we expected.

　　On the one hand, all kinds of advertising information without nutrition are overwhelming, which "bombs" our mobile phones in turn, seriously disturbing users’ lives. Some users can receive dozens or even hundreds of spam messages a day, which is really annoying. They can only download special shielding software or simply turn off their mobile phones.

　　On the other hand, these junk messages and phone calls are like "cockroaches" in the information age, which are difficult to eradicate and are a headache.

　　Want to get some peace by unsubscribing?

　　Things are far from simple as you think.

　　The "thousand-layer routine" here is unpredictable.

　　Although in general, SMS will set an unsubscribe prompt, such as "Reply ‘ TD’ Or ‘ T’ You can unsubscribe, but most of the time, no matter what the user replies, the advertisement is still issued correctly. The so-called reply unsubscribe is just a decoration.

　　If the harassment of life by spam and telephone calls is only at the entry level, we can also ignore it, and many fraud and criminal short messages mixed with various kinds of information are more hidden and dangerous.

　　Generally speaking, spam that constitutes fraud falls into two categories:One is to use "pseudo base station" to disguise the number as information from official numbers such as banks and operators, which often contains links to embedded Trojan horses and other systems. When users open this connection, their own information is attacked and stolen, thus causing users’ property losses. This kind of junk information is often disguised as recharge or point redemption to lure users to click.

　　The other is junk information with false content information.This kind of information often does not contain phishing links, but its information content itself is confusing. This kind of information often involves recruitment or investment information, and seeks illegal benefits by luring users to participate in recruitment or investment.

　　For example, in August this year, the Intermediate People’s Court of Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province sentenced a serious online fraud case. Criminal suspects cheat all over the country by publishing false recruitment information of part-time employees in Tik Tok and collecting part-time membership fees. The amount of fraud reached 316 million, with nearly 2 million victims.

　　The above examples are just the tip of the iceberg of online fraud cases caused by false information on the Internet, but in China, this form of fraud causes great economic and social harm every year.

　　According to the data of the Ministry of Public Security, as of November 2019, 118,000 cases of telecommunication network fraud were cracked nationwide, up 62.7% year-on-year; 99,000 suspects were arrested, up 135.6% year-on-year. Because of the low cost and wide spread of crime, online fraud with false information and information as the carrier has become a major social cancer that must be severely cracked down in today’s society.

　　This also makes it more necessary for the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to strike hard.

　　The world has suffered for a long time, but why is it always forbidden?

　　In fact, the 12321 website that can report spam has already been established, but this kind of chaos has always existed. The main reasons are as follows.

　　One is the silence of some audiences.

　　Faced with the harassment of spam and telephone calls, many audiences choose to make peace, endure harassment silently, or use software to block keywords. This connived at the further development of chaos to a certain extent.

　　Second, the illegal cost is too low.

　　Even if the audience can’t bear to choose to report and succeed, the most serious punishment for waiting for the spam manufacturer is that the company is cancelled. All the company owners need to change their names and surnames and re-register to return to their old jobs.

　　Third, the use of SMS is convenient and there is no threshold.

　　Because the sender of short messages does not need to establish a friend relationship with the receiver, they can send them as long as they have the number, which provides great convenience for the wide use of short messages.

　　However, the binding of various banking and social security information can only be notified by SMS, which provides a broad use space for SMS. The binding with similar institutions also provides some deception for false information.

　　Design should be able to test the determination and wisdom of law enforcers.

　　After the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the relevant opinion draft,

　　There was a heated discussion on the Internet.

　　Some people spit out the life that is plagued by spam.

　　Some people also called for the relevant regulations to land as soon as possible.

　　As can be seen from the comments of netizens,

　　The treatment of spam has reached the moment when we must strike hard.

　　But it should be noted that

　　Is the system design reasonable and rigorous?

　　It is only a condition for achieving results.

　　prior

　　How to completely cut off the whole interest chain?

　　Only by thoroughly disintegrating the interest soil where junk information breeds.

　　The chaos of spam flooding can be effectively cured.

CCTV News:According to Qiushi Mobile Newspaper: On June 16th, the 12th issue of Qiushi magazine published a signed article by Shen Haixiong, entitled "Learning History, Understanding and Understanding".

The full text is as follows:

Learn from history, understand and understand.

Shen Haixiong

History is the best teacher. The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s century-long suffering and glory is a magnificent epic in human history. Learning Party History well is a compulsory course, which is a major practical issue, and it is also a lifelong issue for every party member cadre. "If you have faith in your heart, you can go far." Learning the party’s century-old history well is the source of strength for us to constantly strengthen our historical strength and enhance our ambition, backbone and confidence to be Chinese. We deeply realize that the most important thing for us to persist in studying history and understanding is to understand the truth, integrate knowledge and practice, and turn the achievements of learning and education into practical actions to fulfill our initial mission.

On the premise of learning history and understanding, carry out the study and education of party history with high quality

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that the history of the Party is the most vivid and convincing textbook. It has always been our party’s political advantage and glorious tradition to attach importance to studying the history of the party and drawing wisdom and strength from the history of the party. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered a series of important speeches and instructions on the study and education of party history on many occasions, such as the mobilization meeting on the study and education of party history, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party, the opening ceremony of the training course for young and middle-aged cadres of the Central Party School (National School of Administration), and the group discussion of the National People’s Congress and the National People’s Congress.

On the occasion of the upsurge of learning in the whole party, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection in Fujian: "To learn history and be sensible in the study and education of party history, being sensible is the premise of increasing trust, advocating morality and practicing." The important instructions of the General Secretary have given us profound enlightenment. We feel that understanding history, enhancing trust, respecting morality and practicing history are an interconnected and organically unified whole. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put "learning history and understanding" as the first item, and specially emphasized the "premise" role of "understanding" in it, which has strong ideological, guiding and pertinence, and provided us with an important epistemology and methodology for further studying and educating Party history with high standards and high quality.

On the premise of understanding history, it is necessary to fully understand the basic role of "understanding" in the study and education of party history.Engels pointed out that where history begins, the ideological process should also begin. It is a great political advantage of our party to persist in ideological party building, be good at using Marxist theory to invigorate and strengthen the party and promote the party’s career process. Looking back on the party’s 100-year history, there is a fundamental law, that is: theoretical sobriety is a firm premise of belief and the most fundamental sobriety. Looking back at all previous centralized education activities in the history of our party, ideological education and theoretical study all started, which is the inheritance of our party’s past experience. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly emphasized the importance of party member cadres to strengthen theoretical study, and put theoretical thinking, theoretical accomplishment and theoretical level in an important position. The general secretary profoundly pointed out: "Only when you are sober in theory can you be politically sober, and only when you are firm in theory can you be politically firm." This time, the study and education of party history in the whole party also takes strengthening ideological and theoretical armed forces as the first requirement. On the premise of learning history and understanding reason, we should profoundly understand the "truth flavor" of Marxism from the party’s century-long course, further arm and unite the party and the people with the latest achievements of Marxism in China, and always maintain theoretical sobriety and political firmness.

The premise of learning history and understanding is to achieve "four profound understandings".General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out, "We should profoundly understand why the Communist Party of China (CPC) can, why Marxism works and why Socialism with Chinese characteristics is good from the brilliant achievements, arduous journey, historical experience and fine traditions of the Party, and make clear the historical logic, theoretical logic and practical logic. We should profoundly understand the historical inevitability of adhering to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and strengthen our confidence in the Party’s leadership. We should deeply understand the truth of Marxism and its China-based innovation theory, and strengthen the firmness of consciously implementing the Party’s innovation theory. We must profoundly understand the correctness of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road and unswervingly follow the only correct road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. " These "four profound understandings" condense the profound thinking and strategic consideration of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on the century-old party history, which is a specific requirement for "learning history and understanding" and shows deep historical consciousness and strong historical responsibility. On the premise of learning history and understanding, it is necessary to understand the rich connotation of "the key to China’s success lies in the Party", how Marxism profoundly changed China and China, and how Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the only way to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We should always remain sober and firm in "catching the exam", constantly sharpen our initial mission, and constantly enhance our historical consciousness and self-confidence.

On the premise of learning history and understanding, it is necessary to profoundly grasp the truth power and practical power of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era.General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that "the history of our Party is a history of constantly promoting the China of Marxism and a history of constantly promoting theoretical innovation and theoretical creation". There is no end to practice, and there is no end to theoretical innovation. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is a concentrated summary of the practical experience since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It is also a profound condensation of the historical experience over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, over the past 70 years of the founding of New China and over the past 100 years of the founding of our Party. It has achieved a new historic leap in the China of Marxism, and it is contemporary China Marxism and 21st century Marxism.

Thought is power. Since last year, in the face of the interweaving of the century epidemic and the hundred-year changes, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has led the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to take the road, meet the big exams, seek great events and pass the mark, and handed over an answer sheet that is satisfactory to the people, attracts worldwide attention and can go down in history. China’s total economic output exceeded 100 trillion yuan, accounting for about 17% of the world economy, ranking second in the world; The per capita GDP has exceeded $10,000, steadily moving towards the ranks of high-income countries; Major breakthroughs have been made in comprehensively deepening reforms, major steps have been taken in building democracy and the rule of law, people’s living standards have been significantly improved, and the party has been strictly managed in an all-round way. In particular, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally commanded, deployed and supervised the war, leading the whole party and the people of all nationalities to win the all-round victory in the battle against poverty. For thousands of years, the dream of the Chinese nation getting rid of poverty has been realized in the hands of our generation. The leader’s core and strong leadership of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s great image and lofty prestige, and Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s institutional advantages have all been sublimated in the great practice of the new era, and have been more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in China and abroad, and the cohesion and centripetal force of the party’s heart and people’s hearts have been greatly enhanced.

Each of us is a witness, witness and recorder of this period of history, and has a personal feeling and experience of the truth power and practical power of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. On the premise of learning history and understanding, it is necessary to firmly grasp the important theme of learning and understanding Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, deeply understand the extraordinary power of the important exposition of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, hold high this great ideological banner and spiritual banner in the new era and new journey, and truly understand this "heart sutra" and master this "true sutra".

Taking audio and video as the media, we should better integrate "learning history and understanding" into the propaganda and reporting of the centenary of the founding of the Party.

The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to the propaganda and education of the party history, and profoundly points out that "it is a very important work in the overall work of the party and the state to comprehensively publicize the party’s history and give full play to the role of the party’s history in learning from the present and educating people with resources." Emphasize that the history of the party is a vivid teaching material to carry forward the socialist core values, carry out revolutionary tradition education and patriotism education; It is very important to tell stories and tell good stories; Encourage the creation of literary and artistic works on the theme of party history, especially film and television works; Take a clear-cut stand against historical nihilism and strengthen ideological guidance and theoretical analysis. Whether presiding over important meetings, attending important events, or inspecting revolutionary memorial sites, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally set an example, telling many touching stories in the history of the Party and vividly expounding the essence of learning history and understanding. For example, the story of Chen Wangdao’s translation of the communist party Declaration, the story of "the quartermaster" and "half a quilt" in the Long March, the story of Comrade Jiao Yulu, the story of Comrade Gu Wenchang, the story of "Qi Xin working together to build Baotou Steel" and "3,000 orphans entering Inner Mongolia", and so on. Over the years, the "red footprint" of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary has spread all over the north and south of the country. The people’s leaders have set a shining example for us to persist in learning history and telling the story of party history with their words and deeds.

The important exposition and vivid demonstration of the Supreme Leader General Secretary is an important follow-up for us to do a good job in the propaganda and reporting of the centenary of the founding of the Party, and provides a valuable "spiritual mine" for vividly telling the story of the centenary party. We constantly seek inspiration, ideas, themes, inspirations and answers from the important expositions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. Under the strong leadership of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, "Ping" language is close to people — — A large number of stories, connotations and infectious masterpieces, such as Allusions Favored by the Supreme Leader (Season 2), Crossing the Yalu River, Getting rid of Poverty, China in Classics, History of the Party in Art Classics, Red Archives, and The Last Pen, give full play to the advantages of mainstream media’s integration and communication and platform resources, and deeply interpret the important exposition of General Secretary Supreme Leader with audio and video as the media.

Let history reappear in seeking truth.We give full play to the advantages of video and audio to reproduce the century-long history of our party. For example, the 365-episode special report "the Communist Party of China (CPC) Centennial Moment" planned and launched by Voice of China, the general station, and 100 national radio stations is a practice of seeking truth. Almost every issue of this series has precious historical soundtracks, including the speeches of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping and other comrades, as well as the historical soundtracks of Chinese’s first climb to Mount Everest, and a large number of old documentaries and movies. Behind every shocking voice, there are touching historical moments, showing a century-old memory.

Let history live in the pursuit of depth.For example, the large-scale history column "National Memory" shows the close connection between personal experience and the fate of home and country, avoids falling into the trap of empty preaching, and is good at personalized, story-telling and microscopic narration. The story fragments in each episode are almost an independent and complete micro-documentary, and after combination, it is a documentary feature film. This flexible combination arrangement not only allows the audience to know a relatively complete historical detail in a short time, but also allows new audiences to "enter the show" seamlessly. Taking "Resisting US Aggression and Aid Korea to Protect Our Country and Defend Our Country" as an example, the creative team conducted detailed research and combing at home and abroad for one year. Some precious files were decrypted for the first time in the film, and more than 100 precious cultural relics were photographed to resist US aggression and aid Korea. Many historical images were made public for the first time in the film.

Let history be touching in seeking details.The party history program is a creation that fears history, and it needs to be tirelessly pursued and verified in every detail of history. At the end of February this year, we created a six-episode documentary about the education of party history, focusing on the "The Last Written Poem of the Martyrs". How to make the "unique pen" really "see words like a face", we have worked hard, skillfully and carefully in creation. The large-scale integrated media program "Pursuit — — The Story Behind the Red Letters takes the red letters as the breakthrough point, and integrates the stories behind with the true feelings. Letters soaked with smoke and blood show the firm faith of communist party people, and stories of tenacious struggle and struggle show the revolutionary pride of communist party people, which really makes the history of the party come alive and makes the faith burn.

Let history shine in the pursuit of beauty.After a hundred years’ journey, many heroic deeds, touching moments and magnificent pictures have emerged. This great change is also the most precious source of life for art creation. We innovatively published "The History of the Party in Fine Arts Classics", which carries forward the spirit of China with distinctive concreteness and strong artistic tension. It not only depicts the greatness of the great party that led the people of China to create the world, change the world and shake the earth, but also is permeated with the meteorological beauty of high spirits, unremitting efforts and innovation; It not only profoundly reflects the great historical changes of the Chinese nation, but also vividly depicts the spiritual map of communist party people.

On the occasion of the centenary of the founding of the Party, the Central Radio and Television General Station continued to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of a series of important instructions given by the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the work of the General Station, gave full play to the advantages of the General Station in communication channels, production power and platform resources, strived to enhance the leading power, communication power and influence of the propaganda and reports on the centenary of the founding of the Party, and actively created a strong atmosphere of celebrating the centenary birthday and creating great historical achievements.

Give full play to the advantages of integrated communication and do a good job in publicity and reporting.We have carefully planned and made overall plans, deepened the successful practice of promoting the publicity and reporting of the 70th anniversary of the National Day of the General Station, and solidly promoted the live broadcast and other work to ensure that the operations of various types of work and large corps of various systems are smooth and orderly. In accordance with the standard of "world-class, best in history", we actively apply new technologies and means such as 5G, 4K/8K, AI, etc., highlighting the sense of scene and embodying the sense of ceremony, so that the live coverage can be as beautiful and shocking as a movie blockbuster. We will further deepen the working spirit of striving for perfection, being meticulous and pursuing perfection, carefully polish every shot, every picture, every detail and every process, and ensure that all links such as content, technology, transmission and wiring are assured and foolproof, and we will go all out and devote ourselves to presenting the eternal chapter of the grand ceremony perfectly.

The picture shows the recording scene of the special program "National University Students’ Party History Knowledge Contest" creatively launched by the Central Radio and Television General Station. Photo courtesy of Central Radio and Television Headquarters

Give full play to the advantages of producing high-quality programs, persistently pursue Excellence and create first-class.Under the guidance of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, we have made solid progress and carefully polished a large number of works, such as Dare to Teach the Sun and Moon to Change the Sky, Years of Mountains and Rivers, Armageddon, Symphony Concert of Music, Poetry and Painting to Celebrate the Centenary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), National University Students’ Party History Knowledge Contest and National Red Story Interpreter Competition, and formed the communication trend of "like a pouring of large and small pearls into a plate of jade". Pay attention to the innovative application of new media and new technologies, highlight the youthful and vivid expression, combine grand narrative with wonderful details, reflect the sense of historical depth and distinct sense of the times, create more vivid and vivid "explosive" products, and attract a wide audience, especially young people, to participate in the interaction.

Give full play to the advantages of platform resources and serve the overall situation of the party and the state.We deeply understand the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and earnestly shoulder the responsibility of the mainstream media. For example, innovate and carry out the "Brand Power Project" — — Media public welfare actions such as "Rural Revitalization Action", "Buy All over China", "Public Welfare Live Broadcasting with Goods" and "Spring Blossoms and National Employment Action" help to do a good job in the "Six Guarantees" work, implement the "Six Guarantees" task, and actively integrate and serve the new development pattern. Give full play to the advantages of the 44-language external communication platform of the General Station, compile and push major political reports and cultural and artistic programs in the century since the founding of the Party, and accurately spread "one country, one policy". Accelerate the improvement of the reception desk’s external communication delivery capability, develop and create a number of flat, peaceful, rigorous, vivid and easy-to-accept external communication fist products, such as the Supreme Leader’s Talk on Governing the Country, the animated micro-documentary, and the documentary "The Track of History", so as to effectively and effectively tell the story of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to the outside world.

Draw wisdom and strength from "learning history and understanding"

Looking back is to move forward better. In the upsurge of party history study and education, we put understanding, increasing trust, respecting morality and practicing throughout the whole process of study and education, and made great efforts in learning party history, understanding ideas, doing practical things and opening up new bureaus, striving for practical results, learning the compulsory course of party history in a down-to-earth manner, and drawing forward wisdom and strength in "learning history and understanding"

Focus on "learning the history of the party", constantly draw spiritual strength, carry forward the red tradition and inherit the red gene.General Secretary of the Supreme Leader systematically explained the spiritual pedigree of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, and pointed out that "the reason why our Party has been flourishing and enduring hardships for a hundred years is because of such a strong spirit of revolution and desperation". On the basis of organizing party member cadres to seriously study the designated teaching materials, we take Chongqing Hongyan Revolutionary Memorial Hall as the learning and education base of the Party history of the main station, carry out "four hundred", that is, 100 party building papers, 100 party day activities with excellent themes of party history, 100 party history micro-videos and 100 micro-party classes, hold a party history knowledge contest for young cadres, make good use of red resources by combining online and offline, educate and guide party member cadres to firmly establish a correct view of party history, and drum up a new journey.

Focus on "understanding thoughts", constantly draw on the power of truth, and temper the political character of absolute loyalty to the party.Firmly grasp the priority of further understanding the ideological power, take the study and education of party history as an important opportunity, and further make real contributions and seek practical results in learning and understanding Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era of being the supreme leader. We innovatively use special party classes, special party day activities, organized life meetings, special reading classes, discussion and exchange meetings, youth theoretical study groups, learning platforms for "learning to strengthen the country", and online party schools at the reception desk, etc., to promote the theoretical armed forces to go deep, go deep and go practical. Intensify the efforts of inspectors to promote learning and examination, educate and guide party member cadres to study article by article, repeatedly understand and feel attentively, constantly improve their political judgment, political understanding and political execution, earnestly enhance their ideological consciousness, political consciousness and action consciousness of resolutely achieving "two maintenance", and unswervingly walk the first phalanx.

Focus on "doing practical things", constantly draw on the strength of the people and practice the people-centered development thinking.Consolidate and expand the educational achievements on the theme of "Do not forget your initiative mind, Keep in mind the mission", adhere to the people-centered creative orientation, go deep into life, take root in the people, constantly enhance the strength, eyesight, brain power and pen power, and strive to improve the artistic level and mass satisfaction of literary, film and television programs. We have carried out the practical activities of "I do practical things for the masses" in a down-to-earth manner, given full play to the resource advantages of the media platform of the reception desk, continued to do a good job in helping the construction of a new era civilization practice center in Gansu, helped the rural revitalization of Xide County in Liangshan, Sichuan, and organized broadcasters and presenters to go deep into the grassroots to carry out public welfare activities and cultural and artistic condolences. Solidly promote the "popular support project" of Zhuozhou housing project, the renovation of old residential areas, the construction of medical associations and enterprise annuities, and sincerely do practical things, do good things and solve difficult problems for employees.

Focus on "opening a new game", constantly draw on the strength of endeavor, and build a world-class new mainstream media with strong leading power, communication power and influence.The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to combine the study of party history with summing up experience, observing reality and promoting work, and turn learning results into work motivation and results. The purpose of learning is to use. We have made great efforts to promote action through knowledge, to integrate the study and education of Party history with the in-depth study and implementation of the spirit of a series of important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the work of the General Desk, and to effectively improve the political ability, strategic vision and professional level of grasping the new development stage, implementing the new development concept and building a new development pattern. We will continue to deepen the transformation of the main station from the traditional radio and television media to the all-media organization that produces and publishes world-class original audio and video, from the traditional program production and broadcasting mode to the deepening of the structural reform of the content production and supply side, and from the traditional technical layout to the strategic pattern of "5G+4K/8K+AI", so as to promote the high-quality development of the main station and achieve greater results, and add luster to the party’s centennial birthday with the practical achievements of the main station staff.

Source: Qiushi 2021/12

Author: Shen Haixiong, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, director and editor-in-chief of the Central Radio and Television General Station.

The "trap" we are going to reveal to you today is still related to online shopping. I believe many people will buy this thing through the Internet now, and it is a book. According to incomplete statistics, at present, 60% of books are sold through online channels, but after some books are bought online, people always feel something is wrong. What went wrong?

　　Editor’s note:Qiangdi is one of the most common images in Tang poetry, and it is also an important cultural symbol of the communication and integration of all ethnic groups in history. Ma Rong wrote in Flute Fu: "In modern times, the double flute started from Qiang, but the Qiang people did not cut bamboo"; Wang Zhihuan’s "Liangzhou Ci": "Why should the Qiangdi blame the willow, the spring breeze does not pass Yumenguan". The ethnic memory and cultural tradition of Qiangdi are deeply engraved in the cultural history of the Chinese nation. It is a musical instrument for rejoicing and rejuvenating, and it is also a witness of ethnic blending.

　　▲ Qiang flute playing. Qiangdi is an ancient single-reed musical instrument in China. Legend has it that it was invented by Qiang people who wandered in the northwest plateau during the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it has a history of more than 2,000 years. Today, the Qiang flute, which is popular in the Qiang people’s residential area of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in northern Sichuan, is mainly used for solo. There are more than ten ancient tunes with a wide range of music contents, which mainly convey the yearning of the Qiang people. On May 20th, 2006, the performance and production skills of Qiangdi were approved by the State Council and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. (Source: Tencent)

　　How popular was Qiangdi in the Tang Dynasty? Ye Tingxuan’s "Sea Records Broken Things" records that Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was on the verge of collapse, and specially instructed the courtiers to give the purple Yu Di that they often played to Daizong. Lu Zhao’s "Yi Shi" said that people in Yuezhou (Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province) paid a lot of money to hire Li Mo, the first flute player, to play from Chang ‘an, the capital of the capital. After Li Mo arrived in Yuezhou, it caused a sensation, and local prominent people paid a lot of money to listen to him play the flute. Li Qi’s Ancient Meaning, Li Bai’s Listening to Han Shi’s Imperial Flute in Jinling, Du Fu’s Boating in the West of the City, Cen Can’s a Song of White Snow in Farewell to Field-Clerk Wu Going Home, etc., often write stories about the Tang people’s pleasure in the Qiang flute, so that Mr. Lin Geng praised the Tang poetry in the article "The vitality and new essence of poetry" that "as long as you meet the flute, it seems that you will never become a good sentence". It can be seen that Qiangdi is popular with the Tang people.

　　▲ Eastern Han pottery flute figurines. In Han Dynasty, the distinction between flute and Xiao was not obvious. Xiao was called "Shu", also known as "vertical Shu". It was not until the Tang Dynasty that the flute with six holes and bamboo film began to appear, and the flute was officially separated. Today, our common saying "playing flute horizontally and flute vertically" began in the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty’s "Zhu Xi’s Quotations" also recorded: "The person who plays the flute today is the ancient flute, but the flute is the ancient flute." (Source: Chengdu Museum)

　　Qiangdi was popular in the Tang Dynasty, but it was not introduced into the hinterland of the Central Plains in the Tang Dynasty. When Qiangdi was introduced into the Central Plains is unknown in history. However, Ma Rong’s "Flute Fu" said that Qiu Zhong in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty knew the source of the flute, and quoted him as saying that "the modern double flute started from Qiang". In addition, Ying Shao’s Custom Tongyi and Xu Shen’s Shuowen Jiezi mentioned Qiangdi, Song Shu said that there was a record of Zheng Di in the Han Dynasty, and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty recorded that Emperor Ling of Han was fond of Hu Di, which was followed by nobles. It can be seen that Qiangdi should be introduced into the Central Plains in the Han Dynasty. It may have been introduced when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened up Longyou and the Western Regions. These two places are the main settlements of the Qiang people. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened Longyou and the Western Regions, a large number of exotic foreign bodies such as wine, bloody BMW, and the illusion of Manyan fish and dragons began to flood into the hinterland of the Central Plains. As a treasure of Qiang culture, Qiang flute was probably introduced to the Central Plains at this time.

　　▲ Picture brick of Maruko Banquet Dance in Han Dynasty, unearthed in Anren, Dayi in 1972, collected in Sichuan Museum.

　　After the Qiang flute was introduced into the Central Plains, it was transformed by musicians, and its shape changed from three holes to four holes, five holes, six holes, seven holes, and so on. The materials and lengths of the flute tubes were varied. People also call it the flute, the flute, the Yu Di, the twelve-rhythm flute, the transverse flute, etc. Only Chen Yang’s Le Shu records 17 different flute names. At the same time, the Qiang flute has become the tradition of China flute. Although there are many opinions about the origin of China’s flute in academic circles, up to now, the article "Qiangdi" in Duan Yucai’s Notes on Shuowen Jiezi says that "both flute and Qiangdi originated from Qiang, and Han Qiuzhong did it because Qiang people cut bamboo, so it is still reliable". Poets in the Han and Tang Dynasties often mix the flute with the Qiang flute, such as Li Bai’s "Smelling the Flute in Qingxi at Midnight" and Gao Shi’s "Listening to the Flute on the Plug", etc., with the title of writing the flute, but actually chanting the Qiang flute; Lu Yanji notes that "the flute starts in Qiang" in the Northern Expedition of General Yong Huo. Duan An Festival’s Yuefu Miscellany says: "The flute player is also a strong musician". In the Tang Dynasty, an anonymous writer, Di Fu, said that the flute "Jue Cao originated from the Qiang head". Therefore, we have reason to believe that Qiangdi is the source of China’s flute, and the flute mentioned by poets in Han and Tang Dynasties is Qiangdi.

　　▲ The "Music and Dance Map" stone relief unearthed from the Han stone relief tomb in Miaoshan, Xuzhou. On the left of the long-sleeved dancer in the picture, there is a man sitting on the ground, clapping his hands and singing. On the right of the dancer, there is a man playing the piano, and there are accompaniment players such as flute player, flute player and flute player behind him. (Source: Xuzhou Museum official website)

　　The change of shape has enhanced the expressive force of Qiangdi and rapidly promoted its musical status. As early as the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Qiangdi became a harmonious musical instrument for temples and banquets. The Book of Jin said: "On the banquet hall, there is a bell hanging without a box, and the flute has a certain tune, so all the string songs are correct from the flute." Qiangdi was widely used by Wei Jin people for "miscellaneous quotation, harmony of various songs", gradually entered the daily life of literati, became their entertainment program, and also became an important theme of their creation, resulting in many masterpieces such as Ma Rong’s Flute Fu, Li You’s Ming of Flute, Cao Pi’s Good Deeds and so on. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, poets wrote the Qiang flute into frontier poems, such as Dai Hao’s "Join the Army", "The Qiang flute hisses in the pipe" and Zhang Zhengjian’s "Longtoushui", and the Qiang flute has become a cultural symbol for poets to show their customs beyond the Great Wall.

　　In the Tang Dynasty, people’s love for Qiangdi was unprecedented. There are four main reasons:

　　First, the pithy and moving flute sound. In the Tang Dynasty, the Qiang flute was mainly composed of five holes and seven holes. The article "flute" in Tongdian Lesi says: "Today, the flute is used to snap. Those who add it are called righteous flutes. " Chen Yun’s "Le Shu" recorded the meaning of the flute as follows:

　　And in the picture, it is explained that "the righteous flute is like a horizontal flute, and it is added, and the west beam is also happy." Tang Dynasty’s "The Flute Sounds Like a Long Yin Fu" said that the flute "has four holes and five tones". It can be seen that there were indeed five-hole Qiang flutes in the Tang Dynasty. Shan Li’s annotation of Flute Fu said: "Flute has seven holes. One foot four inches long. Today’s flute is also. " It can be seen that the seven-hole Qiangdi also spread to the Tang Dynasty. The number of holes and the length of flutes of these two kinds of Qiangdi exceed the original three-hole Qiangdi, and their expressive force is more prominent, which can blow out a variety of pithy and moving flutes.

　　▲ The Mogao Grottoes played flute in Cave 329 in the early Tang Dynasty. In the picture, the geisha music flies in the sky and plays the flute, with a graceful posture and agility. (Source: Netease)

　　For example, the voice of Qingyue Yifa. Li Zhao’s Supplement to the History of the Tang Dynasty said: "Li Zhou did a good thing, tasted the smoke and bamboo in the village, cut it off as a flute, and it was as hard as stone to leave Li Mou. The flute is the best in the world, and the river is flooded on a moonlit night. The Weizhou blows it, and Liao Liang escapes and goes to Yun Biao. " Lu Zhao’s "Yi Shi" records that Yuezhou literati praised Li Mo’s flute as "it is better to be happy in the sky than in the sky". The words "Liao Liang’s Qing Yue", "Liao Liang’s Yi Fa" and "Jun Tian’s Joy" indicate that Qiangdi can emit the general Yi Yun of Yue Xian. The royal family in Li Tang worships Laozi as the ancestor, worships Taoism, and cultivates Taoist aesthetic psychology with nothingness, indifference and adaptability as its beauty. This kind of escape rhyme of Qiangdi is in line with the aesthetic standards formed by the Tang people based on Taoist philosophy, thus winning their favor.

　　For example, the sound of weeping and resentment. Hu Zhenheng’s "Tang Yin Gui Qian" said: "Xuanzong was lucky in Shu and went to Luogu, which was called Gao Lishi: ‘ I don’t need Zhang Jiuling’s words, so far. ’ Play a tune on the flute and shed tears. Later, the company recorded it into music, and asked for the title of the song, saying: ‘ Because I think about nine years old, I can call this song "Death of Immortal Hatred". ’ Its sound is bitter, and all the songs are Moby. " Li Bai’s "Watching Hu People Play the Flute": "Hu people play Yu Di, half of which is Qin sound. In October, Wu Shanxiao, plum blossoms fall into the pavilion. When I smell the saiqu, I am full of tears. But I look at Chang’ an Road and miss the main feelings. " Whether it is a high-ranking official, even the supreme Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, or Wang Changling, Li Bai, Du Fu and other literati, as well as ordinary people, they are inevitably frustrated in their lives. The wailing sound of Qiangdi often becomes a good medicine to heal their broken hearts, so they generally like Qiangdi.

　　For example, the sound of joy is sparse. Wang Wei’s "Liangzhou Competition God" wrote that the athletes outside Liangzhou played the rushing and joyful Qiang flute to enhance the atmosphere of the game; Li Bai’s "Leave a gift to Cui Xuancheng after the chaos" said that Cui Qin often sat on the Hu bed and played the purple Yu Di to entertain him, and the flute resounded through the sky, making him extremely happy and entertaining. Cen Can’s "a Song of White Snow in Farewell to Field-Clerk Wu Going Home" and "but we drink to our guest bound home from camp, and play him barbarian lutes, guitars, harps" convey the rapid and cheerful sound of the Qiang flute. It can be seen that the joyful and bright sound of Qiang flute is also an indispensable program for Tang people to feast and entertain.

　　▲ "Tang Palace Music Map". This picture is a silk ink painting created by an anonymous person in the Tang Dynasty, which is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. The picture depicts a group of women in the palace feasting and having fun around the console table, and the women are playing and drinking happily. (Image from the Internet)

　　Second, rich and touching flute music. Hu Zhenheng’s Tangyin Guiqian said that the repertoire of Qiangdi was "the same as that of those who played the flute, flute and flute." There are more than forty songs, such as hentai and Happy Tree. See the Prelude ". In addition to these ancient songs, the Tang people also created many touching flute songs, such as "Death of Immortal Complaints", "Alandui", "Litchi Songs" and "Six Weeks". The expressive Qiang flute plays these heart-warming flute tunes, and when the Tang people listen to them, they are often "full of salt and shock, and the doubt is suddenly in the field." When you are sad and clear, you will forget your worries; Imagine that things are like clouds, which makes them linger and put it down.

　　Third, powerful people love Qiangdi. The royal family of Li Tang is imbued with the blood of the northern minorities, and pursues the ethnic policy of Hu Han’s family. They have an open and inclusive attitude towards foreign bodies. Especially between Kaiyuan and Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty knew the melody and loved the Qiang flute. He was not only good at playing the Qiang flute, but also knew the flute rhythm and created many touching flute music. Under their influence, nobles, nobles, citizens and ordinary people generally like Qiangdi. For example, Wei Chiluo’s "The Story of China and North Korea" said: "There are many birds in Mount Li, and it is called Alandui. The Ming emperor imperial Yu Di, adopted its voice and translated it into a song, which was sung by both sides. It is broadcast far and near, and people compete to play with the flute effect. " "Tai Ping Guang Ji" records that Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty especially liked Hu Xiao, a disciple of Liyuan who was good at playing the Qiang flute. Hu Xiao was arrested for committing a crime, and Tang Xuanzong specially ordered him to be released. As the saying goes, it is necessary to be good in the world. Driven by the powerful people represented by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Qiangdi attracted the attention of the Tang people, and its prosperity was unprecedented.

　　▲ "Han Xizai Night Banquet" part. The Picture of Han Xizai’s Banquet was painted by Gu Hongzhong in the Southern Tang Dynasty. The existing copy of the Song Dynasty and the silk version are colored, and are now in the Palace Museum in Beijing. The above picture shows the ensemble of wind music. In the picture, five musicians sit in a row horizontally, each with its own dynamics. Although they are in the same row, there is no sense of stagnation. (Image from the Internet)

　　Fourth, the promotion of teaching workshop institutions. Cui Lingqin’s "Jiaofang Ji" records that both Xijing Chang ‘an and Tokyo Luoyang set up special music institutions in the Tang Dynasty — — Jiaofang The teaching workshop is divided into two parts: left and right. According to the textual research of Ren Bantang’s Notes on Jiaofang, "In addition to the left and right Jiaofang in Xijing, there are also Jiaofang in Zhannei, which belongs to the Propaganda Department and is in Xuanping Square". Handsome civilians can be selected to teach songs and dances, musical instruments and so on. Qiangdi is one of the courses in Jiaofang. The teaching workshops in the Tang Dynasty were very large in scale. Although they were not all responsible for practicing Qiangdi, there should be a large number of them. People in the Tang Dynasty lived in Chang ‘an, and at night they often heard musicians practicing their flutes. For example, Wang Shu’s "Tang Yu Lin" said, "Wang Zhen is too often Qing. Early in the morning, I heard the people in Yongxing playing the flute and asked: ‘ Are you too happy? ’ Yue: ‘ However ’ " . It is self-evident that the establishment of Jiaofang has played an important role in the spread of Qiangdi. What’s more, the musicians in the workshop can take time to perform outside the workshop, such as Li Mo playing flute in Yuezhou and Guazhou, which is more conducive to the spread of Qiangdi. After the Anshi Rebellion broke out, the musicians in Jiaofang were either taken to the north or wandered around, and the Qiang flute spread all over the Central Plains with their footsteps.

　　▲ Tang Tri-colored Camels carrying musical figurines were unearthed in the Tang Tomb of Zhongbao Village in the western suburbs of Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province in 1959, and are now in the Shaanxi History Museum. In the picture, seven male musical figures are holding sheng, pipa, flute, clapper, harp, flute and Xiao respectively, with a woman singing and dancing in the middle. The figurine is novel in shape and lifelike in image, and is known as the masterpiece of tri-colored figurines in Tang Dynasty. (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

　　To sum up, the change of shape has given Qiangdi a stronger expressive force, making it have a bright and pithy sound quality, and playing many refreshing, sad and glamorous flute music; In addition, the powerful and noble people loved the Qiangdi and the promotion of teaching workshops. Qiangdi successfully captured the favor of the Tang people and was deeply embedded in their daily life and spiritual world. Literati engaged in literary activities by appreciating, hearing and writing Qiangdi, which was very active in the Tang Dynasty. The reaction of literature has accelerated the spread of Qiangdi. In the end, Qiangdi became one of the best popular musical instruments in the Tang Dynasty and successfully integrated into the splendid cultural river of the Tang Dynasty.

　　About the author:

　　Long Zhenghua, Doctor of Literature, Xiamen University, is a young teacher in the School of Humanities, Tongren University. His main research field is China ancient literature.

　　Producer | Yang Xinhua

　　Coordinating | Kang Kunquan, Hu Jun, Liu Jia

　　Writing | Chen Hailong

　　Editor | Guo Hui

　　Production | Hu Qi

　　image china

　　Summer vacation is coming, and it is the peak season of consumption. Parent-child tourism, culture and education lead the consumption boom. While relaxing, people can also broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge and enhance their feelings with their children. What are the new features of parent-child tourism consumption this summer? What are the new trends in education and cultural consumption? How to make tourism services, cultural products, education and training more in line with people’s consumption needs? Recently, the author conducted interviews in some cities.

　　— — Editor

　　Parent-child outdoor, theme park, study tour, parent-child summer camp … … In the current tourism market, there are more and more tourism products with the concept of "parent-child", which enriches consumers’ choices. However, some parent-child tourism products also have problems such as uneven quality and unreasonable design. What is the market prospect of parent-child travel? How to improve the quality of parent-child travel products to better meet the needs of consumers? The author conducted an interview.

　　Parent-child travel is heating up.

　　Studying and relaxing with children is becoming a new fashion for many parents to travel.

　　Riding in Erhai Lake, Walking in Cangshan Mountain, Tie-dyeing in Zhoucheng School, Stargazing in Astronomical Manor … … Looking at the photos of a trip to Yunnan a few days ago, Song Huiping, an employee of an enterprise in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, is still unfinished. Her son is in primary school and likes astronomy. He joined the astronomy club at school. During this summer vacation, Song Huiping specially selected parent-child travel products including astronomical projects. "It’s unforgettable to learn knowledge and relax during the trip!" Song Huiping said.

　　In recent years, the domestic parent-child tourism market is heating up rapidly, and travel agencies have launched a wealth of parent-child tourism products according to their own resource advantages. The arrival of the summer tourist season has set off the upsurge of parent-child tourism.

　　The "2019 China Summer Tourism Forecast Report" released by china tourism academy and Ctrip Tourism Big Data Joint Lab shows that parent-child travel will show explosive growth in the main force of summer travel this year. According to a survey, in terms of willingness to travel, 96% of the respondents expressed their willingness to participate in parent-child travel; In terms of the number of trips, 65.2% of the respondents indicated that they would take their children for two trips, and 28% of the respondents would arrange three or four trips.

　　The popularity of parent-child travel market is reflected in the booking data of major travel websites. Up to now, among the travelers who signed up for the summer tour in July on Ctrip platform, the proportion of parent-child orders is as high as 50%. According to Ctrip’s summer air ticket booking data in the last three years, children travelers (0— The proportion of 12-year-old tourists in the total number of summer tourists is increasing year by year, and the order volume of children’s tickets this summer has increased by more than 50% year-on-year. According to the booking data of Mama Travel Network, the growth rate of parent-child travel this summer is expected to be around 30%. From the perspective of market segments, parent-child travel is expected to exceed 40%, with a particularly high proportion of cultural content.

　　"Reading thousands of books and Traveling on Wan Li Road" is the basic cognition and main appeal of most parents for parent-child travel. With the upgrading of consumption and the improvement of people’s income level, diversified and high-quality parent-child travel products are welcomed by more and more parents. Parent-child travel customers who book local play products such as pick-up and drop-off, stroller rental, gourmet meal coupons, entertainment performances and exhibitions are growing rapidly, and users’ eyes on product quality are constantly improving.

　　Song Huiping said that at least one parent-child tour will be arranged every summer. In her view, this is also a rare "extracurricular learning opportunity" for her son. She is used to reading books and materials related to the destination with her children before going out, so that the children can know the background of the scenic spots before going out, so that tourism can be upgraded from simple sightseeing to learning knowledge. "Every time I travel, I will record my experiences and experiences with my children in Weibo. I also made many friends during my trip, and we exchanged parenting experiences and travel experiences." Song Huiping said.

　　Dai Bin, president of china tourism academy, said that China’s parent-child tourism market is moving from spontaneous growth to market cultivation. "About 300 million primary and secondary school students and preschool children, as well as the travel needs of their families behind them, contain huge growth potential and will be an increasingly large market."

　　Market order to be standardized

　　Parent-child travel products are varied and uneven in quality, which urgently needs more powerful supervision and regulation.

　　"Last year, I took my daughter to travel and chose a parent-child product that was much more expensive than ordinary products. The merchants claimed that they could provide more security, but I didn’t expect that the goods were not right at all." He Jun, who works in a state-owned enterprise in Wuhan, Hubei Province, is still very angry when he talks about the experience of taking his children out last year.

　　He Jun chose the "parent-child" cruise product. After boarding the ship, he discovered that the tourists on board not only had parents with children, but also many accompanying students, couples and the elderly. During the whole journey, there were no other products and services specially designed for children and parents except special beds for children. "Isn’t this kind of parent-child tour just speculating on the concept?"

　　Searching for "parent-child tour" keywords on some travel websites, there are many kinds of routes and products. However, if you look carefully at the details of the tourist routes, you can find that many of them do not involve parent-child tours, and some are just piles of scenic spots. There are not a few such products.

　　Yang Yanfeng, director of the Online Tourism Research Center of Beijing Union University, said that there is a strong demand for parent-child travel market at present, and some travel agencies have not carried out product design and service innovation for parent-child groups, but are eager for quick success and instant benefit, and simply package some conventional routes, which is known as "parent-child products". The price of such products is much higher, but it lacks parent-child characteristics and is difficult to satisfy.

　　From the price point of view, compared with ordinary tourism products, the per capita cost of parent-child travel products is higher. According to statistics, the domestic per capita cost of parent-child tour is about 2,500 yuan, and the outbound per capita cost is about 8,000 yuan, and the price is at least 10% higher than that of ordinary tour. The reason for this difference is that the design standards of parent-child travel products may be higher, such as no red-eye flights, providing pick-up and drop-off service, helping to arrange children’s meals, and providing safety seats.

　　"It makes sense to be expensive," He Jun said. "If parent-child travel products can really provide higher standards of service, it is understandable that the price is higher, but if it is only based on ‘ Parent-child ’ As a scorpion, it is unacceptable to change the way to collect more money, and the products and services are still the same as before. "

　　"In today’s booming parent-child travel, products and services are varied and endless, and the quality is uneven. To better meet the needs of tourists and protect the rights and interests of tourists, there is an urgent need for stronger supervision and regulation to promote the market to provide more quality parent-child travel products. " Zhang Senhua, vice president of china tourism association Parent-child Tour and Youth Camp Branch, said.

　　Some travel agencies have been trying to promote the standardization of parent-child products and services. In June last year, Ctrip launched the first parent-child product standard covering all business lines, covering food, housing and transportation related to tourism. Taking the standard of parent-child room as an example, the parent-child room must use children’s toiletries, children’s bathrobe slippers and cartoon pillows that meet the standards; In terms of supporting services, the hotel needs to provide free children’s breakfast, free crib/free extra bed and other services.

　　Li Guofeng, who has been working as a tour guide for more than ten years, said that the biggest feature of parent-child travel is its strong interaction, and children can learn more knowledge through interaction with their parents during the trip. In the previous experience of "parent-child group", it is not uncommon for children to play with their own and parents to play with their mobile phones. An important reason is that parent-child products are not interactive enough. "When designing parent-child travel products, we should pay attention to children’s amusement needs, and also pay attention to whether parents are also interested in it and participate together, so as to better increase knowledge and enhance feelings."

　　Create high-quality products

　　It is estimated that by 2020, the parent-child cultural tourism market will reach 500 billion yuan, and safety, quality and experience are the three major factors that parents-child tourists should consider first.

　　"Traveling to the northwest this summer, from Xi ‘an to Lanzhou, all the way is a place of interest, and the itinerary is rich and fun. The design of parent-child travel products is also very careful. There are many interactions and learning links between parents and children, and they have gained a lot during the trip. " Li Yonghong, who works in a hospital in Qingdao, Shandong Province, is a "post-80s" mother who likes traveling and pays attention to quality. Especially when traveling with children, in addition to considering the scenic spots and culture, I also hope that the journey will be comfortable and enjoyable, "absolutely not fooling."

　　At present, the core customers of parent-child travel market are mainly "post-80s" and "post-90s" parents. With the upgrading of tourism consumption, their demand for tourism products is more diversified and their requirements for tourism quality are higher. In addition to traditional parent-child travel products such as summer vacation, study tour and amusement park, they show more demand for more characteristic tourist routes.

　　"Safety, quality and experience are the three major factors that parents and children should consider first." Li Qiuyan, manager of brand development department of Donkey Mama Travel Network, said that safety includes not only traffic safety during travel, but also whether products are beneficial to children’s mental health. Quality is the soul of the product, covering the hardware in travel, the rationality of product design and the comprehensive quality and service attitude of accompanying teachers. Good experience comes from details, especially for parent-child customers. A kind reminder and a special meal for children will give extra points to the product experience.

　　According to the report released by china tourism association Parent-child Travel and Youth Camp Branch, the market scale of parent-child travel in China has exceeded 100 billion yuan in 2018, and it is expected to reach 500 billion yuan by 2020. Such a huge market and the diversified needs of parents require tourism enterprises and scenic spots to create more and more distinctive high-quality tourism products.

　　"Make chocolate by hand with children, learn the whole process of chocolate production from raw material picking to cleaning and grinding, and observe factory production. Seeing flowers and picking them in the ecological park is very distinctive and children like it very much. " Hao Qingfeng’s family from Shanghai took advantage of the weekend to travel by car to Dayun Town, Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province, and were deeply impressed by the local parent-child travel products.

　　Dai Bin suggested that in order to adapt to the development trend of parent-child tourism market, relevant departments should formulate their own product standards for parent-child tourism according to local conditions, and enterprises should intensively cultivate and take into account the psychological needs of children of different ages in product design and develop diversified tourism products. Let parent-child tourism integrate with new needs and new formats such as culture, education and summer vacation, so that children and parents can spend a wonderful travel time in a relaxed and happy atmosphere.

　　Please pay attention to these matters for parent-child travel (further reading)

　　The choice of destination needs to be cautious.

　　Parent-child tourism must first determine the tourist destination according to the child’s age and hobbies.

　　If the child is still unable to walk independently or is not weaned, it is not recommended to take the child on a trip. Although preschool children can keep up with the pace of adults in their diet and daily life, their resistance and adaptability to the environment are poor. Therefore, it is suggested to choose neighboring go on road trip with short journey, comfortable environment and similar climate. Children over the age of 6 already have their own ideas. When choosing a destination, they can communicate with them more and consider their interests and wishes.

　　The luggage should be fully prepared.

　　Before departure, learn more about the tourist destination, including weather and traffic conditions, and take your luggage. Children’s articles must be brought, such as coats, windbreakers, loose clothes, sun hats, sunglasses, umbrellas, etc. You can make a list in advance and then "follow the map" to avoid omission.

　　We should also prepare one or two small toys that children like to appease when they are upset or bored, and then prepare some nutritious snacks that children usually like to eat, which can play a role in supplementing physical strength and regulating emotions at critical moments.

　　Prepare medicines for emergency.

　　Be sure to prepare commonly used medicines before going out, such as children’s cold medicines, antidiarrheal medicines, and trauma medicines such as disinfectant alcohol and medical gauze. In addition, you should also bring some anti-mosquito drugs and hemostatic stickers.

　　If children are prone to carsickness, they can take some carsickness medicine, but the dosage should be small every time. After carsickness, they should stop to drink some water and breathe fresh air. Common allergies include food allergies, pollen allergies, and mosquito bites. You can take some anti-allergic drugs just in case.

　　If the child has severe vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, systemic rash and other reactions when traveling, he should be sent to the hospital immediately for treatment.

　　Eat, drink and be merry in moderation.

　　It is best not to change children’s daily eating habits when traveling, and try to avoid letting children eat food that is easy to get angry or allergic. Eating should not be too miscellaneous, so as not to cause digestive tract discomfort. The water for children should be boiled before entering, even pure water is recommended to be boiled before drinking.

　　Eat carefully and have fun in moderation. For the sake of children’s safety, don’t let them leave their sight, the itinerary should be reasonable and the work and rest should be regular.

　　(People’s Daily reporter Luo Shanshan finishing)

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Ministry of Finance, the approval opinions of the Ministry of Finance on stopping the sale of 41 instant welfare lottery games such as "Liuliushun" were released.

　　China welfare lottery issuance management centerThe Request for Instructions on Stopping the Sale of 41 Instant Welfare Lottery Games, such as "Liuliushun" (Zhongcai Fa Zi [2023] No.111) has been received. According to the Regulations on Lottery Management (Order No.554 of the State Council), the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on Lottery Management (Order No.96 of the General Administration of Sports of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Civil Affairs) and the Measures for the Administration of Lottery Issuance and Sales (Caizong [2018] No.67), relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

　　1. In order to further optimize the game structure of welfare lottery and promote the healthy development of the lottery market, it is agreed thatChina welfare lottery issuance management centerStop selling 41 instant welfare lottery games such as "Liu Liu Shun" (see annex). Your center shall make an announcement to the public within 2 months from the date of approval, including the name and document number of the approval document of the Ministry of Finance, the date of stopping sales, the deadline for awarding prizes, etc. Stop selling the above 41 lottery games after 60 natural days from the date of announcement.

　　Two, the above 41 lottery games to stop selling, in the redemption period, should be paid in accordance with the provisions of the bonus. After the redemption period is over,China welfare lottery issuance management centerWe should do a good job in lottery fund settlement with lottery sales organizations. Overdue prize money is included in the lottery public welfare fund, the bonus balance is transferred to the general adjustment fund, and the excess prize money is charged according to the regulations. After the end of the redemption period, your center and the lottery sales organization shall submit a written report to the financial department at the same level within 60 natural days, including lottery issuance and sales, lottery bonus extraction, redemption and balance transfer.

　　Third,China welfare lottery issuance management centerShould be strictly in accordance with the provisions of the current lottery management system, urge lottery sales agencies to strengthen sales safety management and risk control, and earnestly do a good job in announcement, redemption, settlement and other related work. It is necessary to rationally plan the game structure of instant lottery tickets, and coordinate the work links such as game approval, budgeting, printing logistics, listing and sales, and stopping sales, so as to effectively save costs and improve efficiency and ensure the sustained and healthy development of instant lottery tickets.

What disease is AIDS?

What behaviors are at risk of contracting AIDS?

Can high-risk behaviors be remedied?

How to prevent AIDS transmission …

Deng Xinyan, head of the AIDS Prevention and Control Department of Maoming CDC, took the opportunity of the series of publicity activities of World AIDS Day in 2023 to answer questions on the hot issues of AIDS prevention and control that the public is more concerned about.

Three ways of transmission should be known.

Don’t be afraid of daily contact.

Deng Xinyan introduced that AIDS is a systemic disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which will lead to progressive immune dysfunction. At present, there are three ways of transmission of AIDS, namely blood transmission, sexual transmission and mother-to-child transmission.

The main route of transmission is sexual transmission. If you have unprotected sex with people who don’t know the HIV infection status, you may get infected, especially unprotected homosexual sex between men, and the risk of infection will be higher. Blood transmission is the most direct route of infection, and it is very dangerous to import blood contaminated by virus, use intravenous drugs contaminated by blood without strict disinfection and share syringes. In addition, pregnant women infected with HIV may also spread to the fetus if they do not accept standardized mother-to-child blocking.

Generally speaking, the high-risk behaviors of HIV infection in life include unsafe sex, sharing needles, importing blood or blood products without anti-HIV antibody detection, and occupational exposure history. In addition, daily contact, respiratory droplets and water will not cause the spread of HIV, such as sharing school supplies, eating together, sharing toilets, shaking hands, hugging, etc., AIDS patients or infected people cough or sneeze, and generally will not spread AIDS; Mosquito bites will not spread AIDS in summer. You don’t have to be overly "afraid of AIDS", and you should correctly understand AIDS with a scientific and rational attitude.

After high-risk behavior

Knowing "self-help" is very important.

Deng Xinyan suggested that in life, once a high-risk behavior that may be infected with AIDS occurs, you should immediately go to the local disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions and testing points for testing and consultation together with those who have high-risk behaviors. Individuals can also buy self-testing reagents for testing. If the test is positive, they should go to medical institutions and CDC in time for further confirmatory testing. Testing is the only way to know whether you are infected with AIDS.

It should be noted that it generally takes 2 to 12 weeks for a human body to produce a sufficient number of antibodies after being infected with HIV before it can be detected by clinical test methods. The period from HIV infection to the detection of HIV antibodies in blood is called "window period". The "window period" is usually half a month to three months, and a few people can reach six months. If the HIV antibody is tested in the "window period", even if there is HIV in the blood and it can spread to others, the test result is still negative. Therefore, during the "window period", what we can do is to calm our minds and stop high-risk behaviors.

"Some people get scared after having high-risk sex. But please don’t be too flustered first. After the exposure of AIDS, it can be prevented and remedied. " Deng Xinyan said that at present, taking post-exposure drug prevention has become one of the important means of AIDS prevention. Post-exposure drug prevention refers to people who have not been infected with HIV. Under the guidance of a doctor, they should use blocking drugs as soon as possible within 1 to 2 hours (or earlier) after exposure, and take them for 28 days at the latest within 72 hours after exposure, which can effectively reduce the risk of HIV infection, and the drug use effect is the best within 2 hours. At present, Maoming Chronic Disease Prevention Center and Dianbai District People’s Hospital can provide post-exposure preventive services.

Do a good job of self-protection

Is the most effective means of prevention

At present, according to Maoming’s AIDS surveillance data, the overall AIDS epidemic in our city remains at a low epidemic level, and the mode of transmission is mainly sexual transmission, which increases the risk of general population involvement. Among the newly reported cases this year, sexual transmission accounted for 95.5%, of which heterosexual transmission accounted for 89.7% and homosexual transmission accounted for 5.8%; The majority of cases are in the senior age group, and the proportion of newly reported cases in the age group over 50 years is basically between 57% and 72% in recent five years. The case was found late and the death rate was high.

"The people who need to focus on prevention and control in our city are concentrated in the elderly and adolescents, mainly due to poor awareness of self-protection, resulting in a high proportion of infections. At the same time, most infected people were diagnosed after entering the AIDS period and missed the best treatment opportunity. " Deng Xinyan said that the difficulty of AIDS prevention and treatment lies in the difficulty of incurability and control. At present, no drugs have been developed to cure AIDS, and there is no effective vaccine to prevent AIDS. Under the current medical level, patients or infected people must take drugs for life. Therefore, it is particularly important to master the knowledge of AIDS prevention.

At present, our city actively promotes the publicity and education work of AIDS prevention and control "into the community, into the enterprise, into the hospital, into the campus and into the family". From January to November this year, Maoming CDC went into 17 towns (streets) in various districts (county-level cities) and went to many enterprises, universities and vocational schools to carry out AIDS publicity and education activities. Up to now, more than 80 AIDS "Five Enters" publicity activities have been carried out, covering more than 50,000 people.

In December, taking the 2023 "World AIDS Day" series of publicity activities as an opportunity, Maoming CDC successively carried out publicity activities to eliminate AIDS free clinics, "promoting buses to enter the campus and the community", intervention activities for men who have sex with men, "World AIDS Day" and related knowledge publicity. Through the development and promotion of activities, the public’s awareness of AIDS prevention and control has been significantly improved, and good results have been achieved, which has played a positive role in the in-depth development of AIDS prevention and control work in our city.

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Original title: "Maoming CDC experts answer hot issues of AIDS prevention and control →"

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