In just over a year, Cao Huan, a 24-year-old Miao youth in Guizhou, completed a counterattack: from a Guangzhou shopping mall security guard with a monthly salary of 3,100 yuan to a rural short video online celebrity with an annual income of 500,000 yuan. At present, Cao Huan’s self-media platform has 570,000 fans, and the video has been read more than 7 million times. In October this year, as a representative of "successful entrepreneurship" in the short video industry, he was invited to give a speech in Beijing, which was his first time to fly and his first time to Beijing.

　　Cao Huan bluntly filmed the video to make a living and earn more money. Cao Huan was born in an ordinary Miao family in Guizhou, and went out to work after graduating from junior high school. When he went home to shoot a rural video, his parents, relatives and fellow villagers strongly opposed it and thought it was doing nothing. After seeing the money, everyone gradually changed their views. On October 27th, Cao Huan told The Paper that short videos in rural areas are following the trend seriously, and he is carrying out the "Thousands of Families" shooting plan, that is, shooting 1,000 villages and 10,000 families in China in five years.

　　Rural online celebrity

　　Last year, Cao Huan earned 500,000 yuan a year by making short videos in rural areas. Before becoming a "online celebrity", he worked as a mall security guard in Guangzhou, earning 3,100 yuan a month.

　　Cao Huan, 24, was born in Zhanghan Village, Nanshao Township, Jianhe County, Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province. Like most young people in the village, Cao Huan went out to work after graduating from junior high school at the age of 15. In Guangzhou, he worked as a vegetable porter, an apprentice in a furniture factory, a worker in an electronics factory, etc., but his physical strength could not keep up and he was often injured. Cao Huan recalled that at that time, working for more than ten hours a day, the salary was only one or two thousand yuan.

　　In 2015, Cao Huan worked as a security guard in a square in Baiyun District, Guangzhou. He found that the security guard’s work was relatively easy, "I have time to play with my mobile phone".

　　In his spare time, Cao Huan and his colleagues took some funny videos. Zeng Chunqi is a friend of Cao Huan, and later turned to be a self-media person. He has the title of "Zeng Ge" in the field of short video. Zeng Chunqi told The Paper that after seeing Cao Huan’s video in his circle of friends, he encouraged him to quit his job and concentrate on making short videos.

　　"The time is ripe, since the media era has arrived." In Zeng Chunqi’s impression, Cao Huan Sunshine was a little silly and sometimes funny, so he suggested that he start from the funny field.

　　However, Cao Huan hesitated. Can he make money by doing this? Colleagues are also pessimistic. Yang Pengju used to be a security colleague of Cao Huan, and now he is still working as a mall security guard. He said that when Cao Huan mentioned making videos, everyone thought it was fun. "If we say that we can make money, we all think it is a rumor."

　　In April 2016, Cao Huan resigned with the idea of challenging himself. Cao Huan bluntly said, "Brother Zeng said that he could earn millions from doing a good job in the media. I believed that money was very attractive to me."

　　Cao Huan and Zeng Chunqi learned self-media knowledge, taught themselves shooting and editing techniques, and then took an old iPhone 5 phone to shoot funny short videos and posted them to their own self-media platform. In the first month, he earned 1729 yuan. Cao Huan was a little happy and a little sad. "More than 1000 yuan can’t support himself."

　　Cao Huan said that the initial shooting was vulgar and meaningless, and it was far from "earning millions". Cao Huan thought about how to transform, so he chose to go back to his hometown to shoot short videos in the countryside.

　　In June 2016, Cao Huan returned to his hometown, a Miao village, and his family criticized him for going home to shoot a video. Cao Huan’s father, Cao Feng, recalled to The Paper, "I didn’t know that making videos could make money, just watching him play mobile phones at home every day. My relatives and friends outside say that my son is idle and I have no face. "

　　Relatives and villagers don’t understand either. Cao Huan’s cousin Yang Zhengli said that the first time I heard it, I felt a little unreliable. "I think he is just fooling around and running out to play all day, and other people in the village have quite misunderstood him."

　　Cao Huan soon discovered that there were obvious advantages in going home to shoot videos, and the production cost was almost zero. He asked his younger brother to help him shoot, or invited passers-by to appear in the camera, saving labor costs; In rural areas, there is no need to prepare props and scenery, and the Miao customs are the background.

　　Rural people, city dwellers who yearn for rural life, and migrant workers who miss their hometown, Cao Huan knows where his audience is, and the first rural video he shot is on fire, with 2.8 million plays and more than 10,000 messages.

　　"The video makes people who work hard outside feel the taste of home. What I do is valuable." Cao Huan’s hottest video is about Miao girls wearing skirts for an hour and then dancing for young guys. This video has been played 7 million times and forwarded 30,000 times. A netizen rewarded 4000 yuan and left a message saying, "I miss my mother."

　　"thousands of households"

　　Cao Huan’s video was on fire, and short videos in rural areas began to blow out. Zeng Chunqi said that there are many followers, and even Cao Huan’s fans have become followers.

　　The threshold is low, the homogenization is serious, and the fans are becoming more and more critical. Cao Huan’s rural short video has entered the content bottleneck period. Cao Huan said that when he shoots a place every day, he also has the exhaustion of inspiration. "It’s like suffering from depression and thinking about what to shoot the next day every day."

　　Zeng Chunqi invited Cao Huan to shoot in Hunan and shoot something different in another place. Cao Huan was greatly inspired by this shooting experience, so he came up with the "Thousands of Families" shooting plan: shooting 1,000 villages and 10,000 families in China in five years.

　　For this plan, Cao Huan is very proud, claiming to be "perfect", which is difficult for other followers to imitate. "As for the numbers (referring to shooting 1000 villages and 10000 families), it is a kind of pressure on yourself."

　　Cao Huan said that fans gave him a lot of help, and the filming plan of "Thousands of Villages and Families" was launched with the cooperation of fans: fans provided clues and even invited them to shoot at home. Fans have also appeared in Cao Huan’s video.

　　But sometimes, fans will "stand up". We communicated well in advance. Cao Huan took the train for a day or two and will arrive soon, but the fans can’t contact him, or use some reasons to prevaricate. Cao Huan’s father was worried about insecurity because he was going to shoot in other places, and opposed his "best laid plans". Cao Bee explicitly opposed his son’s going out to shoot. "What happens when you go out? Adults are not around, and I don’t know how to get it. It’s not good to spend money outside and earn some money at home? "

　　Cao Huan believes that he is still young and can still try. In addition to the "Thousands of Villages and Households" shooting plan, he is considering the transformation. "Just relying on traffic to survive, even a few photographers and screenwriters can’t live. Still have to make money first, slowly expand the team, and then do some e-commerce or advertising. "

　　While innovating the shooting content, Cao Huan is also updating his shooting equipment, and has bought cameras, SLR, drones and underwater cameras. He wants to shoot the kind of beautiful shots in the movie.

　　Since April 2016, Cao Huan has updated more than 400 short videos on his self-media platform, each lasting 3-5 minutes. In March of this year, the filming plan of "Thousands of Villages and Families" was launched, and Cao Huan went to Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong and other provinces. This winter, he is going to shoot in the northeast.

　　Last August, my younger brothers Zheng Yang and Cao Huan started making videos. Zheng Yang and Xiang The Paper said that they spent a lot of time in front of the computer every day, and sometimes he went to work in the mountains, feeling very tired.

　　"Last year, I only slept for six or seven hours every day, and I was working at other times." Cao Huan’s work is also not easy. He thought about the theme the day before. After getting up in the morning, he took the equipment to shoot. A video may take five or six hours. It takes three or four hours to edit it in the afternoon and upload it to the Internet at night.

　　At present, Cao Huan’s self-media has 570,000 fans, and the video has been read more than 7 million times. Cao Huan revealed that he can earn 30,000-40,000 yuan a month, and his annual income exceeded 500,000 yuan last year. The income comes from traffic sharing, advertising fees and fan rewards, of which traffic sharing accounts for 50% to 60%.

　　As a representative of "entrepreneurial success" from the media, Cao Huan was invited to give a speech in Beijing. In the video updated on October 21, Cao Huan said with a smile, "This plane is so big, several times larger than the bus in the village."

　　This is the first time for Cao Huan to fly, and it is also the first time for him to go to Beijing.

　　In order to make a living

　　Regarding Cao Huan’s rural short video, Zeng Chunqi commented that in terms of quality, the shooting and editing techniques and the excavation of highlights need to be strengthened. Zeng Chunqi said that to some extent, Cao Huan promoted the development of rural short videos, and he hoped that Cao Huan would stick to it.

　　Cao Huan, with a low education level, said that he didn’t think too much. At present, he just wants to make a good video and retain fans. He will carefully read fans’ private letters and messages, and reply to them. He will even send hometown specialties to loyal fans and allow individual fans to be guests at home.

　　Cao Huan doesn’t know how long he can persist, saying that there are two main motivations for persistence. "The first is the pressure from fans, and the second is that he has already left this line and wants to survive in society." Cao Huan said that he made short videos to make a living and earn more money.

　　Cao Huan made money by making videos, which also changed people’s views on him. Cousin Yang Zhengli said that Cao Huan has brought changes to the family. "The economic conditions are better than before." Cao Feng, the father who initially opposed it, also said, "I support him now. He made money in the countryside, so I won’t force him. Let him do it well by himself. Don’t squander the money and save it."

　　The villagers who thought that Cao Huan was "idle" have gradually changed their views. Jiang Ming, a youth from the same village, told The Paper that some tourists would come to visit the village now, and even the village head supported Cao Huan, letting him spread the customs of the Miao village through video.

　　After becoming a video online celebrity, Cao Huan saved a sum of money. He wanted to buy a house in the city and take his parents to live there, but his parents refused. The conditions at home have improved, and Cao Huan wants to bring his relatives and friends to get rich. Cousin Yang Zhengli said that she also went home now, and Cao Huan was teaching her how to shoot videos. Encouraged by "making a short video for 500,000 yuan a year", Yang Pengju, a security colleague of Cao Huanyuan in Guangzhou, is also eager to try. Together with several security colleagues, he opened a self-media and used his spare time to make funny videos.

　　In Zeng Chunqi’s eyes, Cao Huan missed the life in the countryside. What he ate and played as a child made him miss it. This emotion made him return to the countryside to shoot videos. Cao Huan said that if his career grows bigger, he may find an office space in the city for the convenience of work, but he will still choose to live in the countryside, which makes him feel natural and comfortable.

Recently, the first documentary film "The King of Wuxia Jinquan", which officially focuses on Hu Jinquan, movie master, released a 10-minute segment.

Directed by Jingjie Lin, the director who once filmed "They Write on the Island: Sweet Load-Poet Wu Sheng", the film was nominated for the best documentary at this year’s Taipei Film Festival.

The film traces Hu Jinquan’s wandering footprints and creative tracks from Beijing, Taiwan Province and Hongkong to the United States, piecing together how he became such a unique artist, and uncovering his crazy style of pursuing perfection and life stories that are rarely touched.

Jingjie Lin said, "We need to use a lot of clips, but many precious pictures need to pay copyright fees to make the film more complete." Since Ang Lee directed Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon to pay tribute to Hu Jinquan’s "Chivalrous Woman", he naturally needed the clips of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. Ang Lee agreed to let the documentary be used for free, which made director Jingjie Lin very moved.

Stills of Documentary Hu Jinquan.

The director introduced his classic films one by one in the form of chronicle, and visited the filmmakers who worked with and were deeply influenced by Director Hu Jinquan. More than 40 filmmakers were interviewed, including Shih Chun, Feng Hsu, Tsui Hark, John Woo, Tong Wang, Xu Anhua, Peggy Chiao, Li Pingbin, Sammo Hung, Zheng Peipei and Qin Pei.

The total length of this film is 220 minutes, and it is divided into two parts, which introduce the extraordinary life of director Hu Jinquan from two aspects: works and life.

"The first song: The Prophet has been here" focuses on Hu Jinquan’s works, and through the analysis of the memories and opinions of heavyweight filmmakers, the audience can see the way the master made movies and the presentation of film aesthetics; "The second part: heartbroken people are in the end of the world" is a rare life story of Hu Jinquan.

Director: Jingjie Lin

Starring: Feng Hsu/Hu Jinquan

Producer country/region: Taiwan, China

Release date: 2022-01-23 (Taiwan, China)

Length: 220 minutes

# Hu Jinquan is a somewhat indifferent symbol.

As the most outstanding martial arts movie master in Hong Kong film history, Hu Jinquan, whose ancestral home is Hebei, entered Shaw Company in 1958 and started his film career. In other directors’ martial arts films, the characters are always flying over the eaves, but the swordsman in Hu Jinquan’s films is always alone in the lonely wilderness.

From actor to screenwriter, to assistant director, and finally to become a senior and outstanding director, Hu Jinquan’s "writing wildly in space with the flesh and blood of the characters" (commented by Hong Kong film critic Huang Ailing) has added gorgeous bright colors to Hong Kong martial arts films, leaving us with many well-known works such as Yu Tang Chun, come drink with me, Longmen Inn, Chivalrous Woman, Children of the Earth and legend of the mountain.

Chivalrous woman

Among them, Xia Nv also won the highest technical award at the 28th Cannes International Film Festival. On January 14th, 1997, Hu Jinquan died in Taiwan, China at the age of 65.

John Woo once said, "What he (Hu Jinquan) wants from a movie: besides being a movie, it is also a painting. He asked every frame of the film to be a painting. His visual effect is very beautiful and traditional, but it is also very poetic. "

Just like The Painted King of Yin and Yang, starring Joey Wong and Adam Cheng, which accompanied many people in their youth, every shot has its own aesthetic artistic conception of Chinese painting and the beauty of Chinese traditional culture and art, and it has also successfully integrated film skills with traditional opera art in the film, so that we will still "go back to see his martial arts world constantly. Our director today can use his things, which are more novel and creative than those movies that imitate the West." (Comments by Tsui Hark)

Hu Jinquan directed the stills of the movie The Painted King of Yin and Yang, which was considered by netizens to "restore" the scene in the famous painting Han Xizai’s Night Banquet.

At present, many filmmakers or researchers have somewhat forgotten him, and the study of him is not popular. Usually, we call Hu Jinquan Chinese movie master, and think that the aesthetic realm created in his films has become a unique style in Hu’s film art, especially a few martial arts films, which are often worshipped by later generations.

The narrative style and methods of Hu Jinquan’s classic martial arts films were also used for reference by many famous directors later.

The study of Hu’s films also focuses on the film characteristics and directing techniques, while the discussion of film art design is often easily overlooked.

Like many directors with fine arts background (such as Akira Kurosawa), Hu Jinquan often works as the fine arts designer of his own films, which shows that he attaches great importance to fine arts. The fine arts design style of Hu Jinquan films is also an important part of creating the fine arts style of Chinese films. It can even be said that from him, China’s visual elements began to actively combine with films. Therefore, the exploration of Hu’s films in art has a far-reaching impact on the subsequent Chinese film art design.

# The Formation of Hu’s Film Art Style

It seems to be a coincidence that Hu Jinquan became attached to movies. After arriving in Hong Kong from the mainland in 1949, he joined a small advertising company to paint posters and billboards because he was able to paint since he was a child. The original billboard was the film version of Lao She’s My Life, which may have laid another important interest in his life-studying Lao She.

Later, Hu Jinquan also worked as a short-term advertising agent in the Longma Film Company opened by Wu Xingzhai and Fei Mu. In addition, he also helps the American engineering department of Great Wall Film Production Co., Ltd.. At that time, the director of American engineering happened to be Wan Guchan, the director who was called the father of China animation. As a result, Hu Jinquan started from the most basic film artists and entered the film circle.

Wan Guchan

He was valued as a leading actor when he was doing art and decoration for The Slayer directed by Yan Jun of Yonghua Film Company. Of course, all kinds of cooperation with Li Hanxiang later enabled him to further his film career. As the masterpiece of Shaw and Li Hanxiang in those years, Beauty in Jiangshan won numerous awards, and Hu Jinquan, the second male, won the award for best supporting role.

Jiangshan beauty

Fall in love with the country

Yu Tang Chun is his first work since he became a director, but subject to various conditions, this film can still be regarded as a continuation of Li Hanxiang’s style. What really made him start generate’s creative passion was a series of new martial arts movies.

Yutangchun

In these works, Hu Jinquan can finally get rid of the artistic style of Shaw films. At that time, Shaw’s overall artistic style was theatrical and stylized because of the filming of Huangmei tune films. Among them, Li Hanxiang is the representative. Li Hanxiang is also a director with artistic foundation, so most of his film art is very particular.

Li Hanxiang’s influence on Hu Jinquan is also very obvious in his later works. After Hu Jinquan started directing movies, he often painted some China landscapes, figures or wrote calligraphy after work, in addition to sketching the necessary scenes and taking photos. Judging from these works, the charm of China’s painting art has been well integrated into the film. After settling in the United States in 1980s, Hu Jinquan drew a large number of four-grid cartoons after his film creation reached a low point.

Out of interest in painting, and because he studied under Wan Guchan, Hu Jinquan began to make a classical cartoon "Zhang Yu Boiling the Sea" in 1984. For this reason, we have been working on the role and lens design related to this cartoon for 10 years. The design of some shapes has something in common with "Making a scene in Heaven", which also reveals his origin with the Wan brothers. Unfortunately, this cartoon was not made as planned for some reason.

Zhang Yu Boiling the Sea

# Features of Hu’s Film Art Style

When commenting on the characteristics of Hu’s films, Metropolis mentioned Hu Jinquan’s Zen machine. In fact, the early Japanese classical films first incorporated the Zen of the East into the films. For example, through the transition space or "axial pillow lens" interspersed with still pictures to create a leisurely narrative and poetry.

Legend of the mountain.

These oriental films not only attracted the attention of the west, but also influenced the films in Hong Kong. Shaw, where Hu Jinquan was in his early days, used to show a large number of Japanese films for cast members to learn. Among them, Japanese halberd films (such as Seven Samurai by Kurosawa, Heart Stick and Sword Through the Heart) have also become an important factor affecting the new martial arts films.

Seven samurai

These factors can also be seen in Hu Jinquan’s new martial arts movies. After absorbing the nutrition of China’s traditional fine arts and adding various elements of Japanese and Hollywood films, Hu Jinquan finally gradually developed an artistic style of his own films.

Legend of the mountain.

The most important feature of Hu Jinquan’s film art lies in his absorption of China traditional culture. For example, Hu Jinquan’s masterpiece "legend of the mountain", the screenwriter Chung Ling once pointed out in the article "something congenial, aesthetic feeling and culture" that Hu Jinquan often used the way that the viewer looked at the landscape by hand when showing the scenery. "Scholars appeared on the screen to walk long distances in nature, and most of them appeared from the left side of the screen and walked to the right. At this time, the magnificent scenery is presented to the audience in the horizontal direction with the movement of the scholar. "

Like the landscape scrolls in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the characters in "legend of the mountain" often belong to the natural landscape and occupy a corner of the painting in composition. Nevertheless, the whole picture has become vivid.

In addition, the technique of blank space in literati painting is also widely used in the film, such as the appearance of Zhuang Evian, the beautiful scenery and the beautiful scenery, which seems to be illusory and fascinating, and can be described as beautiful. The special effects in the film were rarely used because of the conditions at that time, but even so, a lot of smoke was used to create a special visual effect. This kind of smog is just like the obscurity in China’s landscape paintings.

Legend of the mountain.

Another point that is commendable in Hu Jinquan’s film art is the rigor of attitude.

Tsui Hark once said: "He captured the atmosphere on the spot according to his feelings and created the picture step by step. The director at that time really had his beliefs. "

In his films, art design is a very important job, and he often does it himself.

We can see Hu Jinquan’s style of textual research in Hu Jinquan’s self-reported article "Looking for information from filming costume movies". We can still see a large number of manuscripts recorded in the textual research of people’s clothing.

When shooting the famous film Longmen Inn, Hu Jinquan extracted and copied many contents from books such as 300 Kinds of Ancient and Modern Famous Paintings and Grand View of Ancient and Modern Famous Paintings, because it told the story that happened in the middle of Ming Dynasty. There are Chou Ying’s "Coming home late for a spring outing", "Drawing a boat on a wind gully", "Clearing a house in Tongyin", Lan Ying’s "Snowdrift in the Western Hills" and the patterns on blue and white bottles, etc., and it is indicated that the design of clothes, hats or belts can be used for reference from this information.

Chou Ying’s works

Because the clothing of Ming Dynasty was imitated from Tang and Song Dynasties, he even sought inspiration from Dunhuang murals in Sui and Tang Dynasties. After the design was completed, Hu Jinquan also asked Wang Yuqing, an authority on the study of clothing in past dynasties, to judge, who only made changes in some places. Of course, Hu Jinquan’s film art is not invulnerable. There is a certain discrepancy between the scene setting and the script of legend of the mountain, which may be related to the fact that it was impossible to enter the mainland for filming at that time.

# Influence on Chinese Films

China’s martial arts films are unique genre films in China.

Hu Jinquan is honored as "the father of martial arts movies". He founded the aesthetic artistic style of China’s new martial arts movies, which injected humanistic spirit into traditional martial arts movies in Hong Kong and Taiwan, brought Chinese martial arts movies to a higher level, made China’s modern martial arts movies unique in the world and gradually became an important type of world movies. Undoubtedly, Hu Jinquan has indelible historical achievements.

Hu Jinquan tried to make everything "China’s", and the nationalization of artistic style became the unique experience of Hu’s films. As Hu Jinquan himself said: "I learned to swim in the infinite tradition of China art, which made modern filmmakers have a wider mirror." As latecomers, Chinese directors such as Tsui Hark (New Longmen Inn), Ang Lee (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon) and Zhang Yimou (Hero, House of Flying Daggers) all draw nutrition from his works.

China’s style is far from mature for the art design of Chinese films. Hu Jinquan is an important beginning. We have seen that some Chinese-language films in production designer, such as Ye Jintian, have tried to establish "New Orientalism".

In the late 1980s, some of Hu Jinquan’s art design concepts were gradually accepted by Hong Kong films, which became an important source of the formation of Hong Kong film art design style. Looking at contemporary Chinese films in mainland China, Taiwan Province and Hong Kong, Hong Kong still has the most important right to speak in art design. In the fusion of film circles in mainland China, Taiwan Province and Hongkong, art design is also gradually merging. If we can learn from each other’s strong points and create a design style that truly belongs to China, it will be an important cornerstone for China films to become world-class.

The content of the article is reproduced from: New Studio, Oriental Liangyou Film and Television Media.

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Caring for the lives of ordinary people with images and words

Original title: "220 minutes! Movie master Hu Jinquan’s first documentary hit hard.

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Forwarding the Report of the State Council Forestry Bureau on the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period

Notice on the audit opinion of forest cutting quota in

Guangdong government [2011] No.58

People’s governments at the local level and listed, people’s governments of counties (cities, districts), departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　Now, the Notice of the State Council Municipality on Approving and Forwarding the Opinions of Forestry Bureau on the Examination of Annual Forest Cutting Quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period (Guo Fa [2011] No.3) is forwarded to you, and the following opinions are put forward in combination with the actual situation in our province, please implement them together.

　　First, strictly implement the annual forest cutting quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.

　　All localities and relevant departments should conscientiously implement the spirit of Document No.3 [2011] issued by the State Council, strictly implement the total annual forest cutting quota issued by the province (see Annex), and shall not break through the quota indicators of cutting types, forest categories and forest origins. Forests operated by troops, transportation, railways, urban construction, land reclamation and other units must be brought into the unified management of forest cutting quotas, and the forest cutting license uniformly printed by the Provincial Forestry Bureau shall be handled according to law. All localities should conscientiously implement the target responsibility system for forest resources protection and development, and incorporate forest coverage rate, forest stock volume, cutting quota implementation and forest land protection management into the government target assessment system to ensure the realization of the "double increase" of forest area and forest stock during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. The Provincial Forestry Bureau shall organize regular inspections on the implementation of forest cutting quotas around the country, and report the inspection results.

　　II. Deepening the reform of forest harvesting management system

　　Adhere to the voucher logging system, strengthen source management, and resolutely put an end to illegal logging and over-quota logging. For state-owned forests, they should be managed according to the forest management plan, and strictly implement the supervision systems such as pre-cutting, mid-cutting inspection and post-cutting acceptance. For collective forests, it is necessary to simplify the examination and approval of forest harvesting, implement a publicity system, guide operators to prepare forest management plans, and gradually implement the determination of forest harvesting quotas based on forest management plans. Trees on non-planned forest land are not included in the management of cutting quota, and operators operate and cut independently, but they must go to the local forestry authorities to apply for forest cutting licenses according to law.

　　Three, vigorously strengthen the management of timber transportation and processing.

　　Adhere to the timber voucher transportation system, give full play to the role of timber inspection stations, carry out timber flow inspections according to law, and prevent illegal timber from entering the market. All localities should reasonably determine the layout, scale and quantity of wood processing enterprises according to the development plan of forestry industry, so as to achieve scientific planning, strict examination and approval, standardized management and sustainable forest management. It is necessary to regularly clean up and rectify timber processing units and resolutely ban unlicensed timber processing units.

　　Four, constantly strengthen the forest resources protection and management team and capacity building.

　　All localities and relevant departments should continue to strengthen the construction of grass-roots forestry law enforcement teams such as forestry workstations, timber checkpoints and forest police stations, effectively solve the problem of personnel funds, and improve the law enforcement environment and conditions. It is necessary to strengthen comprehensive law enforcement and severely crack down on acts of destroying forest resources such as deforestation and indiscriminate excavation and occupation of forest land. Carry out the open system of forestry government affairs, strengthen forestry law popularization and propaganda work, and create a good social atmosphere for forest resources protection and management.

　　Attachment: Summary of Annual Forest Cutting Quota in Guangdong Province during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period

people’s government of guangdong province

May 18th, 2011

The State Council Approved Forestry Bureau’s Report on the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period

Notice on the audit opinion of forest cutting quota in

Guo Fa [2011] No.3

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

　　The State Council agreed to the Audit Opinion of Forestry Bureau on the Annual Forest Cutting Quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, which is hereby forwarded to you, please implement it carefully.

　　Forest resources are important natural resources and strategic resources of the country, the material basis for meeting the demand of economic and social development for forest products, and the important carrier for developing modern forestry, maintaining the ecological security of the country and building ecological civilization. Vigorously strengthening the protection and management of forest resources, implementing the cutting quota system according to law, strictly controlling the consumption of forest resources, improving the utilization efficiency of forest resources, and promoting the compilation and implementation of forest management plans are of great and far-reaching significance for building a sound forestry ecological system, a developed forestry industrial system and a prosperous ecological and cultural system, coping with global climate change and promoting sustainable economic and social development.

　　During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the annual forest cutting quota is the maximum amount of forest consumption and forest accumulation per year, which must be strictly implemented by local people’s governments at all levels and relevant departments. Local forestry authorities at all levels should prepare forest management plans at the provincial and county levels and guide forest operators to prepare forest management plans; Strengthen the strict supervision and management of the implementation of forest cutting quota, and severely deal with deforestation and over-quota logging according to law. The Forestry Bureau shall organize regular inspections on the implementation of all localities, and report the inspection results to the State Council and inform the whole country.

the State Council

January 26, 2011

About the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period

Audit opinion on forest cutting quota in

Forestry bureau

　　According to the relevant provisions of the Forest Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its implementing regulations, all provinces (including autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and key state-owned forest areas, the same below) have completed the compilation of annual forest cutting quotas during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. The audit opinions on the results of this cutting quota compilation and the measures to further strengthen the protection and management of forest resources are reported as follows:

　　First, the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the annual forest cutting quota audit results

　　The compilation of annual forest cutting quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period is based on the results of the Seventh National Forest Resources Inventory and the planning and design survey of forest resources in various places, following the basic policy of "strict protection, active development, scientific management and sustainable utilization", adhering to classified management and zoning policy, and organically combining with the actual needs of collective forest right system reform, forest resources cultivation, key forestry projects construction and national economic and social development. Actively promote the transformation from cutting natural forests to cutting artificial forests, from single control of forest resources consumption to equal emphasis on ecological protection and forestry industry development, from low-value consumption of forest resources to high-value utilization, and from simple index control to mobilizing the enthusiasm of forest operators, which fully embodies the overall requirements of developing modern forestry, building ecological civilization and promoting scientific development.

　　After review and summary, the annual forest cutting quota (excluding the bamboo cutting quota) during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period in China is 271.054 million cubic meters. According to the cutting type, the sub-quota is: main cutting 141.188 million cubic meters, tending cutting 69.65 million cubic meters, renewal cutting 16.287 million cubic meters and other cutting 43.929 million cubic meters; The quota by forest category is: 218.359 million cubic meters for commercial forest cutting and 52.695 million cubic meters for public welfare forest cutting (tending, regeneration and others); According to the forest origin, the sub-quota is: 188.301 million cubic meters of artificial forest cutting (including 77.068 million cubic meters of short-rotation timber forest) and 82.753 million cubic meters of natural forest cutting. Strict implementation of the annual forest cutting quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period can not only ensure the sustained growth of forest resources, but also take into account the objective needs of economic and social development.

　　According to the results of the seventh national forest resources inventory, the total standing stock in China is 14.554 billion cubic meters, and the average annual net growth of trees is 572 million cubic meters. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the annual forest cutting quota accounted for 1.9% of the total standing stock in China, accounting for 47.4% of the annual net growth of trees. Compared with the 11th Five-Year Plan, the annual forest cutting quota during the 12th Five-Year Plan period increased by 22.899 million cubic meters (among which the short-rotation timber forest cutting quota increased by 22.839 million cubic meters, accounting for 99.7%), an increase of 9.2%.

　　According to the requirements of the protection and development of forest resources, the annual forest cutting quota has been greatly adjusted in the origin and regional layout of forests during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. Compared with the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the annual forest harvesting quota of natural forests in China decreased by 8.461 million cubic meters, a decrease of 9.3%; The annual forest cutting quota of plantations increased by 31.36 million cubic meters, an increase of 20.0%; The cutting quota of key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia decreased by 9.586 million cubic meters; For the provinces that have basically completed the reform of the main body of the collective forest right system, the annual forest harvesting quota of artificial forests has increased by 8.708 million cubic meters.

　　Second, measures to further strengthen the protection and management of forest resources

　　Since the beginning of the new century, the protection and management of forest resources in China has achieved remarkable results, and the area and accumulation of forest resources have maintained a good trend of "double growth". However, the problems of insufficient total forest resources, low quality, uneven distribution, unreasonable structure and low efficiency are still outstanding.

　　The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for deepening reform and opening up and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. It is also a crucial period for developing modern forestry, building ecological civilization and coping with climate change. It is necessary to deeply understand the importance and urgency of forest resources protection and management under the new situation. Effectively strengthen leadership, strengthen measures, implement responsibilities, establish and improve the guarantee system for forest resources protection and management, and continuously improve the ability and level of forest resources protection and management.

　　(a) to strengthen organizational leadership, the implementation of forest resources protection and management responsibilities.The local people’s governments at all levels and relevant departments should conscientiously implement the spirit of the Decision of the State Council, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Accelerating Forestry Development (Zhongfa [2003] No.9) and the Opinions of the State Council, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Comprehensively Promoting the Reform of Collective Forest Right System (Zhongfa [2008] No.10), implement Scientific Outlook on Development, correctly handle the current and long-term, local and overall interests, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, and resolutely abandon the sacrifice of forest resources and ecological environment. The principal responsible comrades of local people’s governments at all levels are the first responsible persons for the protection and development of forest resources, and the responsible comrades in charge are the main responsible persons for the protection and development of forest resources. It is necessary to incorporate forest coverage rate, forest ownership, cutting quota implementation and forest land protection management into the government’s annual target assessment system, and strictly supervise and assess. The local forest resources supervision institutions stationed by the Forestry Bureau should strengthen the supervision and inspection of the establishment and implementation of the responsibility system for forest resources protection and development in the supervision area.

　　(two) reform and improve the management system of forest harvesting, and establish a forest harvesting supervision mechanism that is compatible with modern forestry and market economy.For collective forests, simplify the examination and approval of forest harvesting and implement the publicity system; Reform the dual control of forest cutting quota and volume, and implement single management according to volume; Guide operators to prepare forest management plans, and gradually realize the determination of forest cutting quotas according to forest management plans; The implementation of simple design of cutting areas, forest operators to cut before, during and after the independent management, forestry authorities to provide technical guidance and services; The main cutting age of commercial forests and the regeneration cutting age of farmland shelterbelts are determined by the provincial forestry authorities and reported to the Forestry Bureau for the record. For state-owned forests, management should be made according to the forest management plan, and supervision systems such as pre-cutting, mid-cutting inspection and post-cutting acceptance should be implemented. Except for the key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, the timber production plans in other areas are put on record, and the Forestry Bureau no longer issues timber production plans. Trees on non-planned forest land are not included in the management of cutting quota, and operators operate independently and cut independently. The specific management measures shall be formulated by the provincial forestry authorities.

　　(3) Strengthen the management of forest harvesting and strictly implement the annual forest harvesting quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.The annual forest cutting quota approved by the State Council during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period is the maximum amount of forest harvesting at breast height of more than 5 cm per year, and all localities and departments must strictly implement it and shall not break through it. Artificial forest cutting can occupy the natural forest cutting quota, commercial forest tending cutting and other cutting can occupy the main cutting quota, and other sub-quotas are strictly prohibited from misappropriating or crowding each other. If there is a surplus in the annual cutting quota of commercial forest, it can be carried forward to the following years during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period; The cutting quota of public welfare forest is not allowed to be carried forward. For the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River and the natural forest resources protection project area in Xinjiang, if it is really necessary to cut natural forests due to natural disasters, requisition and occupation of forest land by engineering construction and forest management protection, the cutting quota of artificial forests may be occupied with the approval of the Forestry Bureau.

　　The competent forestry authorities at the provincial level and the competent forestry authorities in key state-owned forest areas can reserve a cutting quota of no more than 5% and report it to the Forestry Bureau for approval, which can be used to meet the needs of cutting quotas due to natural disasters, requisition and occupation of forest land, forest management and protection, etc. The remaining cutting quotas must be decomposed and implemented to the editing and limiting units, and shall not be withheld at different levels. Because of the national key projects or major natural disasters, it is necessary to cut trees and it cannot be solved within the limits of this province, and it shall be reported to the State Council by the provincial people’s government and approved by the Forestry Bureau authorized by the State Council; Key state-owned forest areas shall be reported to the Forestry Bureau for approval by the competent department of forestry (forestry). During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia were strictly implemented in accordance with the annual forest harvesting quota and timber output determined by the second phase of natural forest resources protection project and the ecological protection and economic transformation plan of large and small Xing ‘an Mountains forest areas (2010-2020).

　　(4) Promoting sustainable forest management and continuously improving forest quality.It is necessary to organize the compilation of the National Outline for Sustainable Forest Management and the National Forest Management Plan, and clarify the leading functions and management directions of forests in different regions. It is necessary to make forest management plans at the provincial and county levels, determine the strategic objectives of forestry development and forest management, refine forest functional zoning, and implement different cutting methods for different types of forests in order to achieve sustainable forest management. Guide forest operators to formulate forest management plans, implement forest management measures to hilltop plots, and scientifically carry out forest management activities and logging management. It is necessary to summarize and popularize advanced and practical sustainable forest management models and technologies, and give full play to the multi-function and multi-benefit of forests.

　　(five) to strengthen the management of timber transportation and processing, to ensure the healthy and orderly development of forestry industry.According to the National Timber Checkpoint Construction Plan (2010-2015), the layout of existing timber checkpoints should be adjusted. Timber inspection stations shall be managed by the competent forestry authorities at or above the county level, and a unified timber transport certificate shall be implemented throughout the country. All localities should formulate plans for timber processing, and reasonably determine the layout, quantity and scale of timber processing enterprises according to the forest resources and timber supply capacity within their respective administrative areas. It is necessary to establish and improve the market access rules, and put forward strict requirements on the scale, comprehensive utilization rate of wood and environmental protection of wood-based processing enterprises.

　　(six) to strengthen the protection and management of forest land, to ensure the space for forestry development.Implement the Outline of National Woodland Protection and Utilization Plan (2010-2020), work out provincial and county-level woodland protection and utilization plans, adopt high-tech means such as remote sensing, and take detailed forest resources survey data as the basis to ensure that woodlands are mapped, establish monitoring, evaluation and statistical systems, and realize annual updating and dynamic management of woodland archives. Review all kinds of construction projects in strict accordance with the forest land protection and utilization planning, and improve the procedures and compensation methods for occupation, expropriation and requisition of forest land. To strengthen the protection and management of state-owned forest land, no unit or individual shall arbitrarily occupy state-owned forest land and change the use of forest land, and shall not arbitrarily change the affiliation of state-owned forestry units, delegate management rights or change the business scope.

　　(seven) to promote the reform of forest resources management system in key state-owned forest areas.Combined with the second phase of natural forest resources protection project and the related policies and supporting measures of the Great and Small Xing ‘an Mountains Ecological Protection and Economic Transformation Plan (2010-2020), we will accelerate the reform of the management system of key state-owned forest areas and forest resources, separate government from enterprises, separate enterprises from enterprises, and hand over the social management and public service functions undertaken by forest industry enterprises to local governments. The management of state-owned forest resources is separated from enterprise management, enterprises enter the market, and a new system of state-owned forest management is gradually established.

　　(eight) to strengthen capacity building, improve the level of forest resources protection and management.It is necessary to stabilize and improve the forestry administration system, continue to implement the system of forest resources management institutions at the next higher level, and improve the execution of forest resources administration. Strengthen the construction of grass-roots forestry law enforcement teams such as forestry workstations, timber inspection stations and forestry administration inspection teams, and effectively solve the problem of personnel funds. It is necessary to improve the construction of forest resources supervision institutions and straighten out the management system of forest industry enterprise supervision institutions stationed in key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia. Strengthen the management of forest resources survey and monitoring industry qualifications and professional qualifications, establish and improve the qualification examination and approval system of monitoring units and employees, and the system of forest resources assets evaluation and appraiser. It is necessary to comprehensively improve the scientific and technological content and service ability of forest resources monitoring, and strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of forest ecological conditions. Strengthen basic work such as forestry data table and forest resources file management. Effectively increase investment in infrastructure construction to ensure the effective implementation of forest resources protection and management.

　　(nine) adhere to the rule of law, and build a good environment for the protection and development of forest resources.Revise the "Measures for the Administration of Forest Harvesting and Renewal" and related rules and regulations. Effectively strengthen forestry administrative law enforcement, improve the quality of law enforcement personnel, implement the system of on-the-job training and certificates, and ensure administration according to law and standardize law enforcement. Carry out the system of open forestry government affairs, and take the initiative to accept the inspection and supervision of higher authorities and the people. Promote the application of high technology in law enforcement inspection, and improve the law enforcement inspection mechanism combining routine inspection with special action. All localities should inspect the implementation of the annual forest cutting quota and implement the inspection result notification system. It is necessary to strengthen the popularization of forestry law and publicity, and create a good social atmosphere for the protection and management of forest resources.

　　Attachment: Summary Table of Annual Forest Cutting Quota during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period in China

Attachment:

　　CCTV News:In layman’s terms, cross-border e-commerce means "buying" and "selling" the world online. At the Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of 2023, it was put forward that it is necessary to accelerate the cultivation of new kinetic energy of foreign trade, consolidate the basic disk of foreign trade and foreign capital, and expand intermediate trade, service trade, digital trade and cross-border e-commerce export.

　　In 2023, the import and export of cross-border e-commerce increased by 15.6%.

　　In the past 2023, cross-border e-commerce has become a highlight in China’s foreign trade field. According to customs data, in 2023, China’s cross-border e-commerce import and export was 2.38 trillion yuan, an increase of 15.6%, of which exports were 1.83 trillion yuan, an increase of 19.6%.

　　The cross-border e-commerce ecosystem is accelerating.

　　At present, China’s cross-border e-commerce sales network covers more than 220 countries and regions around the world, and there are more than 200,000 independent cross-border e-commerce stations. The number of overseas warehouses exceeds 2,400, covering an area of over 25 million square meters. Third-party service providers such as logistics, payment and express delivery serve hundreds of thousands of customers around the world.

　　More than 400 garment enterprises in Tianmen, Hubei Province "ride the clouds" to the sea.

　　Textile and clothing is the traditional pillar industry of Tianmen. There are more than 10,000 clothing business entities in the city, most of which are mainly oriented to the domestic market. With the integration of cross-border e-commerce into the local clothing industry, more and more enterprises have seen business opportunities hidden overseas.

　　In Tianmen, there are more and more clothing enterprises aiming at overseas track. Two years ago, the number of local garment enterprises engaged in cross-border e-commerce business was only single digits, but now it has grown to more than 400.

　　At the beginning of the new year, this "cross-border fever" that swept through Tianmen clothing industry continued to heat up.

　　How to seize this opportunity? The local authorities responded quickly. First, the major cross-border e-commerce platforms were invited to promote investment in Tianmen to explain the entry process and operation rules for garment enterprises. At the same time, we will pay close attention to improving the industrial ecology, a cross-border e-commerce industrial park integrating raw material production, garment processing, logistics and warehousing, and the first batch of 100,000 square meters office areas will open before this Spring Festival.

　　Whenever night falls, the courier will box and ship the packages received from various garment factories. The shipment volume of this cross-border logistics station has increased from less than 20 tons per day in 2022 to 70 tons per day today — 100 tons.

　　Counting cross-border e-commerce: small packages open big markets.

　　Through the invisible e-commerce network, small parcels are continuously distributed to overseas consumers. What are the hot items? How do small and medium-sized enterprises stand in the international "C position"?

　　In 2023, 1.83 trillion yuan of goods in China were exported to all parts of the world through cross-border e-commerce, 2.3 times that of five years ago. China’s ancient craft of straw woven tote bag and Taomi water shampoo have become the hearts of European consumers. In overseas cat families, smart cat litter pots and automatic feeders from China have become new favorites. Lithium batteries and solar cells have also become hot items for global buyers to place orders.

　　In 2023, in the top ten list of global shopping App downloads, China e-commerce accounts for half of the country. Behind the list, new opportunities follow. At present, the number of cross-border e-commerce entities in China has exceeded 100,000, extending from central cities and provincial capitals to second-and third-tier cities, and the number of comprehensive experimental zones in cross-border electronic commerce has reached 165.

　　It is estimated that by 2025, the transaction volume of cross-border electronic commerce in China will reach 2.5 trillion yuan, which will bring new opportunities for China enterprises and brands.

　　Expanding cross-border e-commerce exports and cultivating new kinetic energy of foreign trade

　　Cross-border e-commerce, as a new foreign trade format with the fastest development, the greatest potential and the strongest driving effect, is becoming an important development trend of international trade. All localities are also introducing affordable policies, increasing support and seizing this new opportunity.

　　Shanghai supports the joint construction and sharing of overseas warehouses, and encourages small and medium-sized enterprises of cross-border e-commerce to rent overseas warehouses to "go out to sea"; Chengdu took out "real money and silver" to attract cross-border e-commerce "chain owners" enterprises; Hangzhou encourages cross-border e-commerce enterprises to strengthen intellectual property protection; Suzhou encourages all localities to develop cross-border e-commerce industry organizations and supports the establishment of different forms of industry groups.

　　Policy support, accelerated layout of upstream and downstream enterprises, and cross-border e-commerce "going out to sea" continue to expand new channels. Looking forward from the starting point of the new year, the mobile package is an opportunity to share China’s big market, and it also contains the future of China’s close connection with the world.

　　Overlooking the Mazhong Guan Dan Industrial Park on the east coast of Malaysia.

　　Photo courtesy of Mazhong Guan Dan Industrial Park

　　The car was passing through the mountains. Suddenly, a giant marble sign with the words "Guan Dan Industrial Park in Mazhong" engraved in Chinese and English appeared on the side of the road, followed by rows of office buildings, dormitories, factories and warehouses … … Walking into the scene, thousands of Chinese and Malaysian staff are busy. Bulldozers here are still under intense construction, and red hot metal has been poured out of the boilers in the steel works there.

　　The Mazhong Guan Dan Industrial Park on the east coast of Malaysia, together with the Zhongma Qinzhou Industrial Park, became the first sister district in the world to build industrial parks in each other’s countries, creating a "two-country, two-park" model. In 2014, the Supreme Leader of president, China proposed to turn Qinzhou and Guan Dan Industrial Parks into flagship projects of China-Malaysia cooperation and China — Asean cooperation demonstration zone. Nowadays, the construction of Guan Dan Industrial Park is speeding up, and the first project, United Steel Plant, is about to be put into full operation, which indicates that the industrial park has begun to enter the "output stage".

　　The equipment technology, energy saving and environmental protection technology of United Iron and Steel Project have reached the world leading level.

　　"Although this place is so lively now, when I first came here five or six years ago, the industrial park had not officially leveled the soil, and there were swamps everywhere." Eileen Gong, general manager of the International Liaison Department of Beibu Gulf Holdings (Malaysia) Co., Ltd., witnessed the process of the industrial park from scratch, from conception to reality. Standing at the gate of the endless stream of parks, looking at the vehicles and crowds that keep coming in and out, Eileen Gong said with emotion: "Such a large industrial park has actually been built by us, just like dreaming."

　　Hu Jiulin, deputy project commander of United Steel (Malaysia) Group Company, has the same feeling. "When I first came here in 2014, there were only a few of us, everyone ‘ Dwelling in humble abode ’ In a small room, there is no network in the room. When you need a network for your office, you can only go to a nearby western restaurant to surf the Internet. "

　　The joint iron and steel project is planned to produce 3.5 million tons per year, and the equipment technology and energy-saving and environmental protection technology adopted have reached the world’s leading level. After it is fully put into production, it will become the largest steel plant in Malaysia.

　　Because the local steel production capacity in Malaysia is not strong, the local government initially worried that this China steel enterprise with advanced technology and production capacity would "snatch" the local rice bowl. United Steel dispelled their concerns with practical actions: local employees account for 70% of the total number of employees, more than 500 million US dollars of the total investment is spent locally, more than 40 Malaysian steel traders are cooperated and led to settle in the park, and the salary of employees is higher than the local average wage level & HELIP; …

　　After the trust was established, the United Steel Project received strong support from the local government, and all administrative examination and approval procedures passed smoothly with high efficiency.

　　Four sisters learn Chinese by heart.

　　In Malaysia, many Chinese maintain Chinese traditional culture, but not many Malays can speak Chinese fluently. Atila, secretary of General Manager of United Steel, is one of them. "I learned Chinese since I was a child, but because my mother tongue is Malay, I learned it very hard. When I was 13 years old, I remember that there were 8 classes, and the pressure was particularly great. I once wanted to give up Chinese, but I still gritted my teeth. " Atila said with a smile.

　　Atila’s father is an accounting professor at Mara University of Technology. He has long realized that China has great potential for future development and thinks that mastering Chinese is a necessary skill for children. "I have one sister and two sisters, and all four of us have been learning Chinese since childhood."

　　In 2014, Atila went to beijing language and culture university to study Chinese. After three years’ experience in China, Atila really felt the friendship between the people of Malaysia and China and the great pleasure of learning Chinese. "I am very shocked by the development speed of China. China represents the hope and future of the world. It is definitely right to learn Chinese." Atila said that she learned about the Belt and Road Initiative in Chinese class. "I believe that more and more China enterprises will come to Malaysia, so I made up my mind from then on to work in a China enterprise in Malaysia, and I want to learn from Chinese’s working style and attitude."

　　Atila’s four sisters have learned Chinese, which is of great help to their respective career development. "The bitterness I ate at the beginning is still very worthwhile in retrospect." After working in Guan Dan Industrial Park for more than a year, Atila’s greatest feeling is that "China and Malaysia are closer", because the "Belt and Road" construction has brought the two peoples closer in mind.

　　Malaysia is willing to learn from the successful experience of China’s development in the new period.

　　According to the plan, Guan Dan Industrial Park in Mazhong covers a total area of nearly 12 square kilometers, consisting of a production and processing area, a scientific and technological research and development area, a trade and logistics area, a leisure and tourism area and a living service area, which will be carried out in two phases. The infrastructure construction progress of the first phase project is over half, and the second phase project will start in the second half of this year. At present, there are 11 contracted projects, covering automobile tires, aluminum profile processing, petrochemical, cogeneration and other fields, which will directly create nearly 20 thousand employment opportunities for the local area.

　　Ten kilometers to the southeast of the industrial park is Guan Dan Port facing the South China Sea of China, and ships from here can reach Qinzhou Port in Guangxi, China in only three days. With the deepening of trade with China, the throughput of Guan Dan Port increased steadily in 2017, reaching 17.46 million tons. After the joint steel project is fully put into production, it is estimated that it will contribute 12.3 million tons of throughput to Guan Dan Port every year. Ports, industries and parks constitute a benign development pattern of win-win and interaction.

　　On the other side of the "two countries and two parks", China-Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park is shifting from infrastructure construction to comprehensive industrial layout. Malaysian enterprises have invested and built a series of development areas in Qinzhou Industrial Park in China, such as China-Malaysia International Science Park, Malaysia Innovation City and China-Union New Energy Industrial Park.

　　In an interview with this reporter during the day, China’s ambassador to Malaysia believed that the industrial structures of China and Malaysia are highly complementary, so Chinese-funded enterprises coming to Malaysia to invest and start businesses should find their own positions in the industrial chain, cooperate to realize complementary advantages, and constantly improve the degree of localized operation, stimulate local employment and promote local economic development.

　　Small and medium-sized enterprises have great development potential in bilateral economic and trade cooperation. In February this year, the Embassy of China in Malaysia held the "2018 China-Malaysia SME Cooperation Matchmaking Meeting", focusing on catering, wholesale logistics, modern agriculture, green energy, circular economy and other industries, attracting about 300 Chinese and Malaysian enterprises to participate. The matchmaking meeting took the form of "one-on-one" negotiation, and each China enterprise negotiated with two or three Malaysian enterprises, and conducted more than 200 negotiations. The matchmaking meeting finally reached 117 cooperation intentions, signed 9 cooperation memoranda on the spot, and reached 78 inspection intentions. During the day, he said that by strengthening the docking of small and medium-sized enterprises and complementing each other’s advantages, China-Malaysia economic and trade exchanges will be further promoted and the benefits of enterprises of the two countries will be expanded.

　　Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad said during his recent visit to China that Malaysia admired China’s miraculous independent development and praised China’s great achievements in industry and commerce. In the new era, Malaysia is willing to learn from the successful experience of China’s development, constantly innovate and create, and realize its greater development. China welcomes Malaysian enterprises to invest in Malaysia, deepen bilateral cooperation and better benefit the two peoples. He emphasized that the "One Belt, One Road" initiative proposed by the Chairman of the Supreme Leader is to promote regional exchanges and cooperation and will benefit all countries in the region. Malaysia supports and is willing to actively participate in the joint construction of the "Belt and Road", which is believed to be conducive to regional development and prosperity.

　　Guan Dan Industrial Park in Mazhong is a pilot demonstration project of "One Belt, One Road" jointly built by China and Malaysia. I believe that with the joint efforts of China and Malaysia, more projects will bear fruit and bring tangible benefits to the people of the two countries.

　　(Kuala Lumpur)

　 　 　 　Cctv news On the morning of August 1st, the General Party Branch of China Railway Construction Real Estate Group Huazhong Co., Ltd. and Shaanxi Railway Soldiers Cultural Friendship Association jointly launched the theme activity of "Sunny August, Pay tribute to the loveliest person".

　　On the day of the event, the General Party Branch of Huazhong Company invited the railway soldiers in Shaanxi to visit and exchange at the site of the project under construction. Zhang Chenguang, deputy secretary of the General Party Branch of Huazhong Company, also made a special trip to some railway soldiers’ homes in Xi ‘an to visit and express condolences to veterans who participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and Vietnam.

　　In the 95 years since the founding of the People’s Army, the Railway Corps, the predecessor of China Railway Construction, has made immortal contributions to the construction of the motherland with the heroic spirit of "cutting roads every mountain and bridging bridges when encountering water". As the cultural root of China Railway Construction, the spirit of the Railway Corps has provided a steady stream of spiritual motivation for the development of enterprises for more than 70 years. In 2021, the General Party Branch of the Company and Shaanxi Railway Soldiers Cultural Association jointly established the "Railway Soldiers Cultural Co-construction Base of Huazhong Company", and successively carried out a series of theme cultural co-construction activities to guide the railway soldiers cultural construction to show fresh vitality in the enterprise development. (Reporter Li Jiachen)

Nucleic acid detection point of Hangyang old factory building in Wenhui street.

Chang ‘an Minsheng Logistics staff conducted nucleic acid sampling on the outer packaging of imported parts.

There are no outsiders in epidemic prevention and control.

At present, the epidemic situation in COVID-19 is still "multi-distributed", and the pressure of "external defense input and internal defense rebound" in our city is still great. The whole city took active actions to create a series of "epidemic-free units" such as epidemic-free shopping malls, epidemic-free markets, epidemic-free transportation, epidemic-free enterprises, epidemic-free hospitals, epidemic-free schools, epidemic-free construction sites, epidemic-free logistics, epidemic-free buildings (parks), etc., to achieve the smallest unit prevention and control, and strive to build a "epidemic-free" home and build a better life together.

Epidemic-free building

Building a "unit door" for epidemic prevention and control in Shangcheng

"Please wear a mask when entering or leaving the city, and take the initiative to show your health code and itinerary card …" At the entrance of Wu Shan Flower and Bird City in Shangcheng District, an aunt wearing a red vest and holding a megaphone stood beside the property security guard, constantly reminding the citizens entering and leaving. She is 75-year-old Lu Yafang, a branch secretary of Qinghefang community and one of the oldest "goalkeepers".

Under the mobilization of Lu Yafang, more than 20 retired party member in the community also actively joined the team and participated in shift duty. Qingbo Street actively builds a "unit door" and builds an epidemic-free defense line-every commercial building, market and community has an invisible "unit door". At present, the street has mobilized 17 community comprehensive party committees, 564 corridor leaders and district leaders, as well as building "goalkeepers" scattered in various office buildings and markets to participate in the creation of "epidemic-free units".

Epidemic-free site

Gongshu completed nucleic acid testing for more than 60,000 construction site personnel in one day.

"You don’t have to go to the hospital, just scan the health code, and you can do nucleic acid at the door of our construction site. We have almost finished it. Come here when you are finished, and you can work hard after testing!" On the morning of March 16th, at the construction site of Class 42 primary school project in plot GS0301-A33-07 of Qinglong Xiaohe Unit, Lao Wang Gang, a worker in his fifties, immediately called the workers in the nearby construction site after he finished the throat swab sampling and nucleic acid detection.

In addition to setting up temporary nucleic acid detection points on the construction site, Gongshu streets use small parks, gymnasiums and other public places to set up "green channels" for nucleic acid detection for busy construction site personnel day and night in their respective jurisdictions to help them complete sampling conveniently and quickly and devote themselves to urban construction with peace of mind. By 15: 30 on March 16th, more than 60,000 construction workers in 317 construction sites in Gongshu District had all completed nucleic acid testing.

Epidemic-free park

Qiantang ran out of the acceleration of automobile and parts industry development.

Auto parts imported from abroad are first transported to an independent area for disinfection and testing by the logistics company responsible for transshipment in the park, and then transported to the factory after being confirmed to be safe; Enterprises in the park that provide spare parts supply strictly control the factory area, workers and logistics vehicles according to epidemic prevention requirements … Facing the current epidemic situation, Qiantang District has been built around the "epidemic-free unit", running out of the development acceleration of the automobile and spare parts industry with the "epidemic-free industrial chain".

The reporter saw in Qianjin Zhizaoyuan Changan Minsheng Logistics Co., Ltd. that a container truck full of goods drove into the company’s disinfection center, and the truck slowly passed the portal at the entrance, and the spraying equipment above automatically sprayed disinfectant to disinfect the surface of the car body. After the first-level disinfection, the vehicle turns left and enters the unloading area. After opening the container unloading door, the staff will carry out the second-level disinfection of the door. After unpacking and taking things, the unloaded goods will be sterilized in three levels with the minimum package as the unit. "These are all auto parts shipped from abroad, just in case. After disinfection, we have to carry out nucleic acid testing, and the test is negative before transportation." The relevant person in charge of Changan Minsheng Logistics said.

Wuyi village she

Yuhang set up a floor chief to build a minimum "sentry post"

"The floor chiefs are very patient and the community organizations are powerful. It is very convenient for us to go downstairs for testing." In the past two days, Tongyun Community of Liangzhu Street in Yuhang District has carried out nucleic acid testing in an orderly manner. At the scene, the floor leaders led volunteers to set up a service team to maintain order, scan codes and guide testing.

In the epidemic prevention and control, the village community is the main battlefield, the community and grid are the responsibility areas, and the corridor is the key point. In the establishment of the "epidemic-free unit", Yuhang set up 2,454 corridor (building, district) leaders, who were responsible for arranging household information, publicizing epidemic prevention knowledge, helping isolated residents to purchase materials, and guarding the entrance and exit of the community, and became the backbone of serving the masses and assisting community work. For example, Yun Lv, the corridor leader of Building 22, Xinnanhu Green Garden, Shige Community, Zhongtai Street, inspects 52 shops and 3 enterprises on Shuita Road every day; Liang Xinmin, the head of three corridors in Cuiguyuan Community, Qiaotou Community, Jingshan Town, carried out nearly six or seven hours of "knocking on the door" to help with epidemic prevention propaganda and inspection.

Xiaoshan sets up a party building alliance to build a "red defense line"

"Secretary Hong, why are you here?" At 6 o’clock on the evening of March 15th, the nucleic acid self-test screening point of Dehui Apartment in Chenhui Community, Shushan Street, Xiaoshan District was officially launched, welcoming the first batch of testing people. In the crowd, many people recognized Hong Guobiao, the secretary of Jinxi Village, who helped maintain order at the point.

Shushan street gives full play to the strength of the party building alliance, adopts the mode of pairing villages and communities, and gathers strength to implement the epidemic prevention responsibility of the smallest unit. Among them, Jinxi Village and Chenhui Community are such a pair of party building alliances. Up to now, 30 village communities in Shushan Street have completed the pairing of party building alliances, unified deployment of manpower and material resources, coordinated personnel guidance, order maintenance, household notification and other work, and smoothly promoted various emergency work during the epidemic prevention and control period.

Lin’ an achieved "due inspection and complete inspection" 25 hours ahead of schedule.

At 23 o’clock on the evening of March 16th, with the last subject completing the nucleic acid sampling, on the first day of the establishment of the "epidemic-free unit", Lin ‘an District completed 501,100 nucleic acid tests, and added 141,000 people who had been tested in 48 hours, a total of 642,100 nucleic acid samples were completed. It is 25 hours ahead of schedule to achieve the goal of "complete detection" of nucleic acid detection in the whole region in 48 hours.

In the equipment of nucleic acid sampling force, one medical staff is responsible for sampling, and two non-medical staff are responsible for information input and auxiliary sampling, which not only ensures the efficient and coordinated promotion of sampling in the assembly line operation, but also allows more medical staff to work in more important and professional positions accurately. In addition, many warm-hearted measures, such as shuttle bus, love seat, "on-site inspection" and "on-board inspection", have been innovatively introduced in all parts of Lin ‘an, which has made the establishment of "epidemic-free unit" humanized and high-quality "should be inspected and checked" in the process of implementation.

More than 3,000 warm-hearted volunteers in Jiande serve the "epidemic line"

"My time is fine." Since Fudong Community of Xin ‘anjiang Street issued the party member Volunteer Recruitment Order, less than two hours later, more than 200 enthusiastic people working in party member have signed up to respond. Since March 15th, jiande city has set up 186 sampling site, dispatched more than 1,000 medical personnel and recruited more than 3,000 volunteers, so as to ensure the orderly development of nucleic acid detection by regions and time periods.

Because some villages are far away from the detection point, the disabled and the elderly are inconvenient to move. Villages and towns such as Yangcunqiao Town, Dayang Town and Qintang Township have also set up a "warm heart" volunteer service team on the spot to take charge of the shuttle service for the round-trip detection.

There are seven categories of "Gang Gang" in Dongzhou, Fuyang

"Hello, please show me your health code and keep a distance of one meter!" Xu Hongshen, a volunteer from party member wearing a red vest, is maintaining order at the sampling point of nucleic acid detection in Dongzhou Village, Dongzhou Street, Fuyang. At the sampling point of Dongzhou Village, each column has a group of volunteers with red vests, which is the "one team, one post" and "helping posts" specially set up in sampling points of Dongzhou Street in various villages.

"In the early stage, the anti-epidemic volunteers we organized were mostly randomly deployed at the collection site, which was often inefficient. Now, through the accurate work system of’ helping the gang’, the work efficiency of volunteers has been greatly improved. " The person in charge of the sampling point in Dongzhou Village said. It is reported that seven categories of Dongzhou Street, such as anti-epidemic propaganda, temperature measurement and code scanning, order maintenance, information registration, coordination and communication, special crowd escort and logistics support, are all set up with a "gang gang", which is managed and trained by the team leader in a unified way, and the volunteers in shifts can work at the scene. (Excerpted by Jia Xiaoyun, editor of this site)

editorial comment/note

Recently, Professor Song Hongwei, a famous scholar in the field of nano-optoelectronics, accepted an exclusive interview with invited reporter Xu Wen of Light (School of Electronic Science and Engineering of Jilin University) and reporter Hao Zhendong of Light (Light Academic Publishing Center of Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences). Professor Song Hongwei gave in-depth answers to the topics of rare earth luminescent materials, optoelectronic materials and device application research, looked forward to the future development direction of nano-luminescent research, and shared his personal experience and unique insights.

People in Light is a series of high-end interview columns initiated by Light: Science & Applications. In this issue, we are honored to invite Professor Song Hongwei, a national leader in scientific and technological innovation in the field of nano-luminescence and optoelectronic devices. This interview will show you the outstanding style of an academic leader who dares to be a pioneer, has the courage to break through, is full of energy and is humorous.

Professor Song Hongwei.

Professor and doctoral supervisor, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University/State Key Joint Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics; The BR Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2000), the winner of National Outstanding Youth Fund (2009), the third batch of senior experts in Jilin Province (2011) and the leading "Micro-nano Information Materials and Devices Innovation Team" were selected as the national key field innovation team (2017). He is currently the deputy director of the Luminescence Committee of China Particle Society, a member of the Luminescence Branch of China Physical Society, and a member of the Luminescence Committee of chinese society of rare earths. He is a member of the editorial boards of academic journals such as Nanomaterials, Journal of Nanosciences and Reports, Scientific Report, Current Chinese Science, Journal of Luminescence, and an expert in the evaluation of outstanding scientific research achievements awards and national natural science awards in colleges and universities. Mainly engaged in the research of rare earth luminescent materials, optoelectronic materials and devices; Representative achievements: doping rare earth ions in perovskite nanocrystals was realized for the first time, and quantum tailored luminescent materials with quantum efficiency close to 200% were obtained. This material was used as a fluorescent conversion layer in crystalline silicon batteries, which improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the batteries by 3-4 percentage points and the efficiency of reference devices by 20%. It was evaluated as one of the most exciting works in recent years by the highlights of Science. So far in Advanced Material, Advanced Energy Material, Nano Letters, Light: Science and Applications and other important international academic journals have published more than 360 SCI papers, written 2 English monographs, and accumulated more than 10,000 citations of SCI, with the H factor of 60. From 2014 to 2020, they were continuously selected into the list of highly cited scholars in China. Won the second prize of National Natural Science, the first prize of Jilin Province Natural Science, the first prize of Jilin Province Scientific and Technological Progress, the second prize of outstanding scientific research achievements in colleges and universities and other academic awards.

one

Xu Wen, Special Reporter of Light: Professor Song, after you returned to China in 2000, you worked in Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as Changguang Institute) and established a research team to study the basic physical problems of rare earth nano luminescent materials. In 2007, you returned to your alma mater, School of Electronics, Jilin University, and your direction changed to focus on nano-luminescence and photoelectric devices. What makes you have such a unique academic track? What factors have had an important impact on your research orientation and academic direction?

Song Hongwei: Academic transformation should not only consider the change of academic microenvironment, but also take into account the development trend of macro environment. First of all, as far as I am concerned, I have to adapt to the changes in the academic environment. When I worked in Changguang Institute, my department was the Key Laboratory of Excited State Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (now the State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Applications), and my research direction has always been the "orthodoxy" and "mainstream" of the laboratory. After coming to Jilin University, my laboratory is the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, and its academic orientation is fundamentally different from the previous laboratory, so adjusting the academic direction is an inevitable choice to adapt to the new academic environment. It’s like a player moving to a new team. If he doesn’t change his style to adapt to the new tactical system, he will risk being reduced from a main player to a bench player. On the other hand, the study of rare earth luminescence and spectroscopy that I have been engaged in began in the 1960s, and it is a somewhat ancient subject. I have always compared it to a classical beauty, and beauty is beautiful, but there are some vicissitudes on her face. For example, CRT and PDP display technologies have always occupied the main position in the display field in the last century, but in this century, with the prosperity of liquid crystal display, they gradually withdrew from the historical stage, and the corresponding rare earth CRT/PDP fluorescent materials naturally lost their original market. If I stick to the countryside in my research, it is tantamount to Don Quixote riding a burly horse and holding a pike to challenge the windmill. After several generations’ efforts, the School of Electronics of Jilin University has formed a traditional advantage in the research of optoelectronic devices.Such as orGaNic electroluminescent devices, gan semiconductor light emitting devices, etc. When I lay out and plan my academic direction, I should not only consider the knowledge background and research foundation of my team, but also consider absorbing the essence of the Institute of Electronic Technology for my study and use, and also consider the differences and complementarities with its existing direction. Based on these factors, I position my team’s academic direction as a new type of nano-semiconductor (such as perovskite) light-emitting and photoelectric devices based on rare earth doping.

Professor Song Hongwei instructs students in the laboratory.

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Xu Wen, a special correspondent of "Light": Lead halide perovskite materials have recently become the star materials in the photoelectric field. In 2017, you first reported the rare earth-doped lead halide perovskite luminescent materials in the world, which solved the problems of low efficiency and small absorption coefficient of actual quantum cutting luminescent materials; You further used it to improve the efficiency of solar cells, and broke the highest record of efficiency improvement [Ref. 1-2], which caused great repercussions at home and abroad. Why did you think of such a topic? What are your expectations for the future development of this material, and what challenges will the next research face?

Song Hongwei: Quantum-tailored luminescence is a physical concept put forward in 1970s. It refers to a nonlinear luminescence process in which a luminescent substance emits two photons in cascade from a high-energy state through an intermediate state (which can be real or imaginary) under the excitation of high-energy photons. In theory, the quantum efficiency of luminescence can reach 200%. At first, the driving force of research mainly came from finding efficient mercury-free fluorescent lighting materials and PDP display materials. In the 1990s, some scientists proposed to apply quantum clipping luminescence (mainly 988 nm luminescence of Yb3+) to crystalline silicon batteries to improve their photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the research in this field continued until the new century. However, the previous research has not found an ideal material that can be applied. The main reason is that people have been trying to achieve this goal by using the energy transfer process between rare earth ions (such as Pr3+ and Yb3+, Tb3+ and Yb3+), which is restricted by the small absorption cross section and narrow band of rare earth ions 4f-4f transition. In 2013-2014, I also arranged a doctoral student to study the quantum tailoring luminescence between Tm3+-Yb3+ and Er3+-Yb3+ in NaYF4 matrix, but I soon realized the problem and voluntarily withdrew from the position, because I didn’t find a strategy to solve the problem at that time. In 2017, we realized the doping of rare earth ions in CsPbCl3 quantum dots, vaguely feeling that its absorption cross section is high, phonon energy is low, and the energy band is basically matched with Yb3+.(More than twice the transition energy of 7F5/2-7F7/2), have you found the only thrill? So I asked Zhou Donglei, a doctoral student at that time, to try, and this attempt actually succeeded. The material we invented can efficiently convert photons in the ultraviolet to blue light region (300-450 nm) to the ideal response region of crystalline silicon battery, successfully avoiding the energy loss of the battery caused by thermal effect, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery by 20%, far exceeding other fluorescence conversion technologies, comparable to the laminated battery technology, and its method is simpler, cheaper and quite practical. As Professor Gamelin of Washington University, who followed us in the related research, said in the special comment of Science (April 22, 2019): "For solar energy conversion, this combination of materials is almost exactly what you want". Because of this, Professor McGehee of Stanford University, an authoritative scientist in the field of perovskite research, commented: "This is one of the most exciting results I’ve seen in a long time". Personally, I think it is a pity that such a nearly perfect fluorescence conversion material and technology is buried in the laboratory and discarded.I hereby call on this research to attract the attention of the domestic government, capital and photovoltaic industry, and push it to industrialization as soon as possible with the joint efforts of many parties. If we don’t have such a strategic vision, although we are original, we will gradually be surpassed by the United States (it took Gamelin research group only one and a half years to follow our results, attract the attention of American academic and business circles, win prizes, get fund support and even register a company). If it is a challenge, this is the biggest challenge we are facing at present. Of course, on the road of industrialization, we will also face problems such as how to solve the stability of materials and how to realize large-scale, large-scale and low-cost preparation, but these are just stepping stones in the way forward.

Professor Song Hongwei gave an academic report at the academic conference.

three

Xu Wen, a special correspondent of Light: In 2020, you realized rare earth ion electroluminescence in perovskite nanocrystals for the first time [Ref. 3]. What do you think is the future prospect of rare earth electroluminescence in perovskite nanocrystals, and in which industries will it stand out? What difficulties will it face?

Song Hongwei: In the past, there was a view that rare earth ions were not suitable for electroluminescent materials. The main reason for this is that the luminescence of rare earth ions mainly comes from 4f-4f transition, with low spontaneous emission rate and long luminescence life. Under the action of electric field, due to the continuous collision between injected carriers and lattice, the non-radiation transition process of materials will be intensified, which will cause the luminescence quenching of rare earth ions. In 2020, we took CsPbCl3:Sm3+ quantum dots as the luminescent layer and adopted an inversion structure, which initially realized the electroluminescence of rare earth ion Sm3+ in perovskite, and its luminescent color can be effectively controlled from red light to white light. The direct result of this work is to provide a new idea for the field of quantum dot LED(QLED) lighting and display to obtain different colors and stable luminescence through doping. Considering that rare earth ions have rich transitions, especially in the near-infrared and mid-infrared regions, such as Er3+, Tm3+, Pr3+, etc., which are beyond the reach of perovskite bulk materials, and these emission wavelengths are just in the optical communication window, if effective electroluminescence can be realized, it will undoubtedly have very important application value. At present, the electroluminescence of perovskite-doped rare earth materials still faces two major difficulties: the first difficulty is the common problem of electroluminescence of perovskite materials-the stability problem, especially to solve the device failure caused by ion migration under the action of electric field, which is a huge challenge. The second difficulty is the low radiation transition rate peculiar to rare earth ions.In fact, let’s review the development history of organic electroluminescence, which is earlier than QLED luminescence. It is not difficult to find that in the early work, the electroluminescence research of rare earth complexes and precious metal complexes was neck and neck, and even rare earth complexes electroluminescence was more popular because of its narrower emission line and higher color purity. However, because of its low radiation transition rate, it gradually lags behind precious metal complexes in luminous efficiency and brightness. In the electroluminescence of rare earth doped perovskite materials, this problem still exists and can not be ignored. So how to solve this problem? In fact, the research in the fields of surface plasmon physics and microcavity structure design and preparation has made rapid progress in recent 10 years. With the help of this achievement, we can improve the radiation transition rate of rare earth ions through local light field regulation, thus solving the problems of low radiation transition rate and fluorescence quenching under the action of electric field.

four

Xu Wen, a special correspondent of Light: You switched from rare earth luminescence research to perovskite solar cell research around 2014. In just a few years, you have published many heavyweight papers in related fields, especially in solving the stability and spectral expansion of perovskite solar cells [Ref. 4-6]. What unique advantages do you think can be brought to materials and devices by doping, spectral conversion and heterogeneous combination of organic and inorganic materials? What are the research limitations or technical bottlenecks to realize practicality or industrialization?

Song Hongwei: By December 2020, the best photoelectric conversion efficiency of certified single-junction perovskite solar cells has reached 25.4%, while the efficiency of perovskite and monocrystalline silicon laminated cells has exceeded 29%, which has made rapid development. At present, the primary problem that restricts the industrialization of perovskite is not the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but the long-term stability of perovskite batteries and the cost of preparation and use. Because perovskite materials are seriously degraded under the conditions of water, oxygen and ultraviolet light, the service life of devices is greatly limited. This year’s key special plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology supports the research plan of perovskite solar cells with a service life of 10,000 hours, which shows how urgent and important it is to solve the service life problem for practical application. In the past, our research on solving the life problem of perovskite battery mainly focused on the following three aspects: first, the ultraviolet light in the solar spectrum was converted into visible light by fluorescence conversion to improve the illumination stability of solar battery; second, the tolerance factor and structural stability of perovskite materials were improved by doping rare earth ions and transition metals; and third, the water transport structure was introduced into perovskite battery through the design of carrier modification layer to improve the water resistance of the device. Up to now, the reported photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is 22.16%, and the long-term service life can reach 5000 hours. In the research of improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite batteries, we have been committed to achieving this goal by expanding its spectral response range to the infrared region.One method is to convert infrared light, which is difficult to be used by traditional perovskite materials, into visible light, which is then used by perovskite batteries. However, this method is limited by the luminous efficiency and absorption cross section of upconversion materials and can only be realized in concentrator batteries at present. Another method is to introduce organic heterojunction with infrared response into perovskite battery to expand the spectral response range. At present, we can extend the spectral range of this laminated battery to 950 nm, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 21.55%. Although this has reached the best level of research on p-i-n battery at present, it is not an ideal result due to many factors. The ideal result at least exceeds the efficiency of single-junction perovskite battery. It should be said that the concept of this battery is advanced, but there are still many problems to be solved on the way forward. In the future, the stacked structure of perovskite and organic heterojunction is likely to be another very important stacked battery besides silicon and perovskite, because it may not only break through the efficiency limit of perovskite single-junction battery, but also have significant advantages in flexibility and wearable devices.

five

Hao Zhendong, reporter of Light: Mr. Song, you have been studying the up-conversion luminescence of local Light field for many years, especially in your work published in Light in 2020 [Ref. 7], which makes the up-conversion luminescence of rare earth increase by four orders of magnitude by using cascade effect; Through the core-shell structure design of upconversion nanocrystals and further combination with perovskite, multi-wavelength narrow-band near-infrared detection is realized. The selective detection of wavelength is realized by frequency modulation excitation. Can this design and control strategy be extended to other rare earth luminescence systems? What new ideas and opportunities do you think the new rare earth luminescent and perovskite composite devices can provide for the development of selective narrow-band photoelectric detection materials?

Song Hongwei: Rare earth ions are rich in species and energy levels, and have produced rich transitions, from deep ultraviolet region to mid-infrared region. In fact, the coupling of rare earth ions with perovskite and other semiconductor photoelectric materials may produce many unexpected results in photoelectric detection. For example, by using the coupling of rare earth ions with 4f-5d transition, such as Ce3+, Pr3+ and Eu2+, with perovskite and other semiconductor materials in high energy state, a new photoelectric detector or high-energy scintillator detector with super-strong solar blind zone deep ultraviolet detection capability and even super-strong high-energy ray detection capability can be developed; Using the rich infrared transitions of some rare earth ions and their coupling with some emerging photoelectric materials (such as Er3+, Ho3+, Tm3+, etc.), many new types of narrow-band infrared photodetectors with special bands can also be developed, which have important applications in military and national defense fields. Rare earth is an important strategic resource in China, and it is also an important research treasure house. With the saturation of traditional research fields and the advent of the information age, the focus of future rare earth research and application development is likely to gradually shift from the traditional fields of magnetism and optics to the photoelectric field. Here, I hope that our younger generation of rare earth researchers will seize the opportunity, get out of the solidified thinking, bravely move forward and March into the unknown field.

six

Hao Zhendong, reporter of Light: Teacher Song, can you share with young scholars how to become an excellent researcher based on your research experience?

Song Hongwei: This is a matter of different opinions. First of all, I want to say that I am a person who "follows my feelings". My hobbies in college were writing poetry and playing chess, and my academic performance was only in the middle, so I don’t think my experience may have universal reference value for young people. Here I would like to share some spiritual things: a person’s life is a long journey, and so is the road to scientific research. Many times, when we walk, our hearts are confused and our steps are confused. So I said, to be an excellent researcher, the first thing is to "persist": persist in learning new knowledge and an ignorant curiosity. Nie Luda, a Chilean poet, said: "I will always walk on the sandy shore, between the mud and the foam. Although the climax will erase my footprints and the waves will blow away the foam, my heart will always be with the ocean and the sandy shore." The heart of our researchers is to be with science forever. Secondly, as an excellent researcher, you should have full confidence. Our ancient Li Bai said, "I am born to be useful" and "If I go out laughing, will my generation be Artemisia?". Our poet Kitajima said, "I tell you, the world, I don’t believe it. Even if there are 1000 challengers under my feet, I will be the 101st". Newton, a scientist, said, "Give me a lever, and I will move the whole earth." I hope our young scholars will always believe in themselves and believe that they can create great miracles in science and technology. Finally, the avenue is invisible, the sound is loud and the sound is loud, and all the laws of nature,Are hidden in darkness and shadows, just like dark matter. Therefore, as an excellent researcher, we should spread our wings of thought, just as Mr. Dai Wangshu wrote in his poem: "I think, so I am a butterfly. After ten thousand years, the light call of a small flower will shake my gorgeous wings through a dreamless and wakeful cloud."

Professor Song Hongwei in Life

Specially invited reporters introduced

Xu Wen, Associate Professor and Doctoral Supervisor, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University; He graduated from Jilin University with a bachelor’s degree in 2009, received his doctorate from Jilin University in 2014, was a postdoctoral fellow at Nanyang Technological University in 2015-2016, and was a postdoctoral researcher at JSPS in tokyo institute of technology in 2016-2018. At present, he is mainly engaged in the luminescence regulation of rare earth doped nano-materials and the application research of photoelectric devices. He has undertaken a number of national natural science foundation and provincial and ministerial projects, won the first prize of natural science in Jilin Province, and was invited to give invitation reports at international and domestic conferences for more than 20 times. With the first/correspondent author, he published 60 SCI papers in adv. mater., light: sci & appl., nanolett., angew. chem., nanotoday, adv. funct. mater., ACS nano., nanoenergy and other academic journals, including more than 20 papers with IF>10.0, with a total citation of more than 4,000 times. Apply for/authorize 8 national invention patents.

In Huayuan City, where "women are superior to men", Touy, a young gentleman in Lincheng, pretended to "marry" as a proton, but he did not expect to fall in love in his own "brain tonic" again and again;

Dr. Gao Leng, a male god doctor in the hospital, visited his fiancee who he had never met before, opening an unusual "destiny takes a hand";

During the period of Song Renzong, when scholars and scholars came forth in large numbers, Su Shi appeared in a scientific research.

Recently, Ding Yuxi has appeared frequently on the screen with his different characters. Since winning the first season of "The Actor’s Character", this new generation of actors has gradually become familiar to more audiences.An exclusive dialogue with Ding Yuxi on the front page of entertainment (ID: wenyutouban)I learned about his performance since high school.

Chen Qianqian in Rumors tells the story of a love affair between a screenwriter and the leading actor Touy after she crossed into her own world and became "cannon fodder".

“Touy is my first role after The Actor’s Character, and this trust is very important to me."When it comes to becoming attached to Touy, Ding Yuxi deeply regrets.

In the screenwriter’s pen, Touy was deep-minded, fickle and ungrateful, and cheated the secret keel of Huayuan City to cure his heart disease step by step, and tried to capture Huayuan City. After the heroine crossed over, she directly stole the keel for Touy. In Ding Yuxi’s view, this is an important turning point of Touy’s personality change. "His heart disease has been completely cured, and he has no worries about his life. He began to discover some emotions in the world and became a lovely person. I sympathize with Touy on the original story line and can understand him. I am very happy that he can meet Xiao Qian who came through. "

Ding Yuxi thinks that Touy’s loveliness lies in "I thought I knew the routine, but in fact I didn’t know it at all". His "straight masculinity" made him unable to guess the girl’s mind, but he always worked hard to do everything that looked simple. From a society where men are superior to women, he gradually learned to understand and accept things that he didn’t agree with before after integrating into each other’s lives with Chen Qianqian.

As a sweet pet drama, Chen Qianqian in Rumor has a brisk rhythm and continuous reversal, and explores the theme of gender equality through the collision between "women are superior to men" and "men are superior to women". Ding Yuxi thinks,For "gender equality", "in fact, it is equality between people.We must truly respect women from the heart, instead of doing superficial work to satisfy our moral sense of honor. "

In "Too Strong Color" broadcast in the same period, Zhou Shiyu, played by Ding Yuxi, is an indifferent perfectionist, in sharp contrast with Touy, a "dog boyfriend".

In order to play the doctor with high IQ, Ding Yuxi made a lot of preparations. He bought a book "Open a Heart", which describes the daily life of real doctors, and wanted to approach the doctor group through documentary stories. To his surprise, many medical terms are attached at the end of the book. He read these words well in order to speak them confidently and fluently when he meets the relevant lines.

Trying to understand and approach the role is an actor’s daily life. Most of the time, Ding Yuxi is thinking."How to walk into every moment of the role". After the filming, he often suddenly remembered a certain scene and felt that he should have handled it better. Before the work is broadcast, Ding Yuxi will feel uneasy and feel that he is still not close enough to the role; When watching the film, he often feels that "there can be another reaction here, and there can be a better expression."

In Qing Ping Le, which ended not long ago, Ding Yuxi appeared in the camera as a writer Su Shi. He compared the early Su Shi to a sphere with many prominent cones. Later, the cones were no longer so prominent, but the process of "smoothing" still left traces of resistance. Ding Yuxi said that it is impossible to evaluate whether this change from frivolous to calm is good or bad."He (Su Shi) belongs to a living person in that era and cannot be viewed from the perspective of God."

For Ding Yuxi,Different roles and actors are independent people living in different worlds.But at the same time, "Every time I finish a role, a part of their character remains in my character.Because I began to understand his behavior, his thinking logic and cognition. "

When asked which role he liked best, Ding Yuxi finally chose He Xinliang from Eight Minutes of Warmth. "We have no chance to go back to high school and experience seed of love’s feelings and the relationship with parents during the rebellious period.Drama can create such a dream."

Ding Yuxi plays He Xinliang.

Ding Yuxi embarked on the road of performance and had an interesting start.

In high school, in order to experience another life, Ding Yuxi chose to go out to work during the holidays. He worked as a clerk in a coffee shop and a clothing store. Later, he accidentally joined the crew and became an extra actor. The first role he received was a company employee, who asked to wear a small suit, so he put on the old clothes that his cousin couldn’t wear-a dark green leisure suit, and played all day on a cold day.

At first, it was a simple background board. Later, Ding Yuxi slowly received a role with one or two lines. Later, he began to interview advertisements and went to the crew to be a substitute (to take the lead and let the staff better determine the scene)."Slowly, I am eager to be an actor."

With this expectation, Ding Yuxi entered Shanghai Film Art Vocational College to study acting. Dissatisfied with the present situation, with the wish of "learning again", he was admitted to the School of Continuing Education of Shanghai Theatre Academy to study the director department. For him, what he learned in the director department is more of a sense of responsibility as a practitioner. "I hope that in the future, after seeing the role I played, the audience can also get in touch with themselves, have a familiar feeling and start thinking."He said that his ability can’t support the director’s responsibility, and he hopes to direct a work when he has the ability in the future.

Ding Yuxi played a "big role" for the first time, and it can be traced back to "New the legendary swordsman" broadcast in 2018. Ding Yuxi, who played Dong Fangbubai, described himself as "ignorant and fearless, and dared to act like this if he wanted to", but with the increase of his experience, his worries became more and more. "Sometimes I wonder if this is too much or not very good". He hopes that one day he can get through this hurdle, return to his original boldness, andBecome an actor who has skills and abandons them at the same time..

Also in 2018, Ding Yuxi experienced three months without a mobile phone and concentrated on acting in The Actor’s Character, which brought the interpretation of roles such as Xiao Jingyan, Zebra, "Mad Hatter" and rock teacher Dewey. At the end, he won the program championship, and at the moment when the results were announced, he didn’t know how to look. He said that he even thought that moment was just an illusion."And I’m an incomprehensible madman in the real world.".

After the recording is completed, his requirements for himself are to work hard, interview and take the show,"There is a new journey waiting for me.". Next, Ding Yuxi met Chen Qianqian and Touy.

"I am fascinated by the feeling of rushing wholeheartedly and sparingly." Ding Yuxi said,This is the "youthful ambition" that should be there..

Front page of entertainment: When you play the role of Touy, do you have any small designs of your own?

Ding Yuxi:I think the word "design" is a bit subjective, and I can’t tell which ones are designed by me and which ones I feel conform to and naturally reveal. The screenwriter teacher has shaped the role in the script stage, and what we have done is to make the characters in the two-dimensional plane text three-dimensional.

Front page of entertainment: which part did you perform during the audition? Do you remember?

Ding Yuxi:As I remember, it was "it is more than enough to support you with my assets".

Front page of entertainment: What impressed you when the crew filmed?

Ding Yuxi:I have a scene in which I hold Sandy around in a small forest, and I have to smile during the turn. At that time, the flight was fixed, but I was really dizzy. After the transfer, I found that I was 108,000 miles away from the prescribed place. Later, it was changed from a fixed seat to a slide rail.

　　

Entertainment front page: What do you think you have gained from The Actor’s Character?

Ding Yuxi:I am very grateful for my decision to participate in this program. I miss the days when I didn’t have a mobile phone for three months. We could only get to know each other through chatting, and I also made some good friends, which made me feel very lucky.

Front page of entertainment: Do you have any roles you want to try in the future?

Ding Yuxi:I especially want to play the Republic of China opera. When it comes to the role, even if I play a shop assistant, I hope I can find a youthful ambition from him at that time.

-END-

Editor-in-chief Yi Yiwu

Author’s point number

Edit three characters

(Some pictures are from the Internet)

　　Endless leftovers

　　What would you do with it?

　　In order to avoid waste

　　Many people choose to keep leftovers in the refrigerator.

　　After that, it is heated and eaten.

　　Is this really right?

　　Which foods are suitable for the refrigerator and which are not?

　　Is it better to put the food in the refrigerator when it is cold or when it is hot?

　　The real scientific way is to put the food that can’t be eaten in the refrigerator while it is hot, and the sooner the safer it is.

　　In fact, there are bacteria in meals and foods, such as Escherichia coli, a conditional pathogen that is not harmful to human body at ordinary times and can only make people sick when it reaches a certain amount, and Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella, which are virulent pathogens that will do great harm to human body when the number is small. Once these bacteria proliferate and are eaten by people, there will be symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and even life-threatening.

　　Temperature has a great influence on the reproduction speed of bacteria in food: when the temperature exceeds 60℃, most bacteria cannot survive; When the temperature is lower than 4℃, the proliferation of most bacteria obviously slows down. And 4℃~60℃ is called the "dangerous temperature zone" of food, during which most bacteria can grow and reproduce quickly.

　　Therefore, the longer food is kept at room temperature, the more bacteria will multiply. The purpose of putting food in the refrigerator while it is hot is to reduce the temperature to below 4℃ as soon as possible before bacteria multiply in large quantities, so as to reduce the time for bacteria to multiply rapidly.Therefore, the food that can’t be eaten should be set aside in advance, put in a fresh-keeping box and stored in the refrigerator as soon as possible.

　　Q: "If hot dishes are put in the refrigerator, will the refrigerator be injured?"

　　A: It won’t hurt. The refrigerator is not that fragile. Although putting food in the refrigerator while it is hot will temporarily increase the temperature of the refrigerator, the temperature sensor of the refrigerator will start cooling when it senses the temperature change, so that the refrigerator can return to a low temperature state.

　　What should I pay attention to when saving leftovers?

　　1. Try not to eat "saliva dishes"

　　The "leftovers" eaten the next day, if all the leftovers are "saliva dishes", the bacteria in the leftovers will definitely increase overnight, so it is not recommended to eat. If you can’t finish a meal, it is recommended to store it with clean tableware before eating. Sorting and storing refrigerated leftovers can avoid cross-infection of bacteria. You can use fresh-keeping boxes, fresh-keeping bags, etc., or attach a layer of fresh-keeping film to the dishes.

　　2, storage time should not be long, fully heated before eating.

　　Although the leftovers of the previous day can be killed by high temperature or microwave heating, it is not recommended to store the leftovers in the refrigerator for too long.

　　How long is it appropriate to refrigerate food in the refrigerator?

　　Green leafy vegetables are the most difficult to preserve, so they should be eaten as soon as possible, no more than 3 days, broccoli, cauliflower, etc. for no more than 1 week. Cabbage, peppers, mushrooms, etc. should be packaged and kept dry for a long time.

　　Rootstock plants such as carrots and white radishes can be preserved for 2 ~3 weeks at the longest as long as they are packaged.

　　Pasteurized milk can be stored in the refrigerator for 3 ~10 days, and it is best to drink it within a few hours after opening.

　　Aquatic products and meat can be stored in 0℃ fresh-keeping area for 2 ~3 days if they are cooked soon.

　　Fresh eggs can be stored in the cold room for 5 weeks, but the quality of eggs will drop by one grade every week, so they must be eaten as soon as possible.

　　Health tips

　　First, should the food be put in the refrigerator when it is cold, or put it away when it is hot?

　　The food you can’t finish should be put in the refrigerator while it is hot, and the sooner the safer it is.

　　Second, what should I pay attention to in the preservation of leftovers?

　　Try not to eat "saliva dishes";

　　It should not be stored for a long time, and it should be fully heated before eating.

　　3. What foods are not suitable for the refrigerator?

　　Not suitable for: sweet potatoes, potatoes and other root vegetables; Melon and eggplant vegetables such as tomatoes and eggplants; Tropical fruits such as bananas and lychees.

　　Fourth, "Listeria" should be especially vigilant!

　　Foods susceptible to listeria are:

　　Cold seafood;

　　Cooked food and meat stored for too long;

　　Ice cream;

　　Instant fruit and vegetable salad;

　　Fresh milk and goat’s milk without pasteurization;

　　Raw mushrooms, bean sprouts that are not fully cooked;

　　Cheese made from uncooked milk.