Xi ‘an, China Broadcasting Network, May 13 (Reporter Zhang Jiaqi Feng Weiyu) In 2018, the Beijing Higher People’s Court made a final judgment on the patent infringement case of Xidian Jietong v. Sony, and ordered Sony to stop the infringement and compensate Xidian Jietong for a total of 9,103,400 yuan. This case is also called "the first case of standard essential patent in China" by the industry. In fact, such difficulties and challenges are only the epitome of Shaanxi’s "Belt and Road" construction. "Shaanxi is participating in ‘ Belt and Road ’ The construction started early, but it also faced many challenges. " Ma Lili, deputy dean of the School of Economics and Management of Northwest University, said that Shaanxi should make full use of resources, seize development opportunities and become an important fulcrum along the Belt and Road to boost the overall national strategy.

　　Opportunities and challenges

　　Founded in 2000, Xidian Jietong is a provider of network security protocol technology and solutions.

　　On March 28, 2018, the Beijing Higher People’s Court made a final judgment on the patent infringement case of Xidian Jietong v. Sony Wireless LAN Security Standard (WAPI), dismissed the appeal, upheld the original judgment of the first instance, and ordered Sony to stop the infringement and compensate Xidian Jietong for its economic losses and reasonable expenditure on rights protection totaling 9,103,400 yuan. The case of Xidian Jietong v. Sony is also called "the first case of standard essential patent in China" by the industry. At present, the patent infringement case of Xidian Jietong v. Apple is still under trial in the Higher People’s Court of Shaanxi Province.

　　In these two patent infringement cases, both Sony and Apple filed a request for invalidation of the patents involved with the Patent Reexamination Board of the State Intellectual Property Office. In 2016 and 2017, the Patent Reexamination Board made a conclusion to maintain the validity of the patents involved.

　　Li Yi, patent director of Xidian Jietong Company, said that the benefits of a network security protocol technology will be about 10 to 15 years later, while the patent is only valid for 20 years. In this case, the efficiency of intellectual property protection is very important. A realistic challenge is: globally, the ICT field is the hardest hit area where large enterprises abuse their dominant position. They implement patent reverse hijacking, and the problem of customers bullying stores is more prominent.

　　In this regard, Huang Zhenhai, deputy general manager of Xidian Jietong Company, said: "In the application and protection of intellectual property rights, we adhere to the position of treating enterprises of all sizes, Chinese and foreign enterprises and enterprises of all ownership equally. We believe in the power of intellectual property protection! "

　　At present, Xidian Jietong Company has signed patent licensing contracts with 70 product brand manufacturers around the world, of which nearly 40% are well-known enterprises in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, and the products involved include mobile terminals, Internet of Things products and industrial equipment.

　　Increase attempts to give play to comparative advantages

　　On the road to the construction of the "Belt and Road", the challenges are also multi-faceted.

　　In 2018, Xi ‘an International Port Area set the "small goal" of running 1,000 trains in Central Europe and Central Asia, and used the PPP model for reference to determine the operation idea of "fully connecting the market, one enterprise and one line", so that powerful logistics enterprises can participate in the operation of trains by contracting lines. Liu Dan, deputy general manager of Xi ‘an land port Multimodal Transport Company, said that at present, China Merchants Group, Continental Bridge Company, Land Port Multimodal Transport Company, etc. have carried out in-depth cooperation with Xi ‘an International Port Area Management Committee in the operation of trains, and made every effort to promote the encryption of trains and jointly build a brand-new logistics hub node.

　　"Being able to form economic and trade cooperation requires great demand, supply and interaction, but the development scale and economic aggregate of countries along the Silk Road are small and the pulling force is limited." Ma Lili said that Chang ‘an needs to connect with more countries, including Rotterdam, Hamburg and Germany, when it is put into operation, which will also generate greater bilateral demand and supply of goods.

　　It is reported that this year, Xi ‘an has opened two lines from Xi ‘an to Belarus, from Xi ‘an to Russia, and from Xi ‘an to Iran (Afghanistan), and eight lines have been operated in Central Asia and Central Europe.

　　"In addition, agricultural products also have its unique comparative advantages." Ma Lili said that Aiju Group has achieved a level of synergy with enterprise development, regional development and national development in the construction along the Silk Road. "This is a great progress."

　　"At present, Aiju Group has built a phase of 300,000 tons of oil processing in North Kazakhstan, which was put into production the year before last." Liu Dongmeng, deputy general manager of Xi ‘an Aiju Group, said that the Kazakhstan government attaches special importance to this project. In addition, we can also use the "Belt and Road" Chang ‘an express lane to transport Kazakhstan’s high-quality and natural raw materials and processed flour and oil back to China.

　　"Love chrysanthemum group in ‘ Belt and Road ’ The reason why we can go out in construction is because Aiju Group has been creating better grain and oil, exploring better grain sources, and increasing foreign cooperation on this basis. "

　　A hundred schools of thought contend and a hundred flowers blossom. This year marks the fifth year of the Belt and Road Initiative and the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up. The "Belt and Road" construction in Shaanxi Province is entering a new stage. Faced with various challenges, Shaanxi is striving to give full play to the new advantages of the "Belt and Road" core area and the China (Shaanxi) Pilot Free Trade Zone, actively integrate into the "Belt and Road" pattern, turn challenges into opportunities, and strive to create a new pattern of linkage between land and sea and two-way mutual aid and opening up between east and west.

　　image china

　　Summer vacation is coming, and it is the peak season of consumption. Parent-child tourism, culture and education lead the consumption boom. While relaxing, people can also broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge and enhance their feelings with their children. What are the new features of parent-child tourism consumption this summer? What are the new trends in education and cultural consumption? How to make tourism services, cultural products, education and training more in line with people’s consumption needs? Recently, the author conducted interviews in some cities.

　　— — Editor

　　Parent-child outdoor, theme park, study tour, parent-child summer camp … … In the current tourism market, there are more and more tourism products with the concept of "parent-child", which enriches consumers’ choices. However, some parent-child tourism products also have problems such as uneven quality and unreasonable design. What is the market prospect of parent-child travel? How to improve the quality of parent-child travel products to better meet the needs of consumers? The author conducted an interview.

　　Parent-child travel is heating up.

　　Studying and relaxing with children is becoming a new fashion for many parents to travel.

　　Riding in Erhai Lake, Walking in Cangshan Mountain, Tie-dyeing in Zhoucheng School, Stargazing in Astronomical Manor … … Looking at the photos of a trip to Yunnan a few days ago, Song Huiping, an employee of an enterprise in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, is still unfinished. Her son is in primary school and likes astronomy. He joined the astronomy club at school. During this summer vacation, Song Huiping specially selected parent-child travel products including astronomical projects. "It’s unforgettable to learn knowledge and relax during the trip!" Song Huiping said.

　　In recent years, the domestic parent-child tourism market is heating up rapidly, and travel agencies have launched a wealth of parent-child tourism products according to their own resource advantages. The arrival of the summer tourist season has set off the upsurge of parent-child tourism.

　　The "2019 China Summer Tourism Forecast Report" released by china tourism academy and Ctrip Tourism Big Data Joint Lab shows that parent-child travel will show explosive growth in the main force of summer travel this year. According to a survey, in terms of willingness to travel, 96% of the respondents expressed their willingness to participate in parent-child travel; In terms of the number of trips, 65.2% of the respondents indicated that they would take their children for two trips, and 28% of the respondents would arrange three or four trips.

　　The popularity of parent-child travel market is reflected in the booking data of major travel websites. Up to now, among the travelers who signed up for the summer tour in July on Ctrip platform, the proportion of parent-child orders is as high as 50%. According to Ctrip’s summer air ticket booking data in the last three years, children travelers (0— The proportion of 12-year-old tourists in the total number of summer tourists is increasing year by year, and the order volume of children’s tickets this summer has increased by more than 50% year-on-year. According to the booking data of Mama Travel Network, the growth rate of parent-child travel this summer is expected to be around 30%. From the perspective of market segments, parent-child travel is expected to exceed 40%, with a particularly high proportion of cultural content.

　　"Reading thousands of books and Traveling on Wan Li Road" is the basic cognition and main appeal of most parents for parent-child travel. With the upgrading of consumption and the improvement of people’s income level, diversified and high-quality parent-child travel products are welcomed by more and more parents. Parent-child travel customers who book local play products such as pick-up and drop-off, stroller rental, gourmet meal coupons, entertainment performances and exhibitions are growing rapidly, and users’ eyes on product quality are constantly improving.

　　Song Huiping said that at least one parent-child tour will be arranged every summer. In her view, this is also a rare "extracurricular learning opportunity" for her son. She is used to reading books and materials related to the destination with her children before going out, so that the children can know the background of the scenic spots before going out, so that tourism can be upgraded from simple sightseeing to learning knowledge. "Every time I travel, I will record my experiences and experiences with my children in Weibo. I also made many friends during my trip, and we exchanged parenting experiences and travel experiences." Song Huiping said.

　　Dai Bin, president of china tourism academy, said that China’s parent-child tourism market is moving from spontaneous growth to market cultivation. "About 300 million primary and secondary school students and preschool children, as well as the travel needs of their families behind them, contain huge growth potential and will be an increasingly large market."

　　Market order to be standardized

　　Parent-child travel products are varied and uneven in quality, which urgently needs more powerful supervision and regulation.

　　"Last year, I took my daughter to travel and chose a parent-child product that was much more expensive than ordinary products. The merchants claimed that they could provide more security, but I didn’t expect that the goods were not right at all." He Jun, who works in a state-owned enterprise in Wuhan, Hubei Province, is still very angry when he talks about the experience of taking his children out last year.

　　He Jun chose the "parent-child" cruise product. After boarding the ship, he discovered that the tourists on board not only had parents with children, but also many accompanying students, couples and the elderly. During the whole journey, there were no other products and services specially designed for children and parents except special beds for children. "Isn’t this kind of parent-child tour just speculating on the concept?"

　　Searching for "parent-child tour" keywords on some travel websites, there are many kinds of routes and products. However, if you look carefully at the details of the tourist routes, you can find that many of them do not involve parent-child tours, and some are just piles of scenic spots. There are not a few such products.

　　Yang Yanfeng, director of the Online Tourism Research Center of Beijing Union University, said that there is a strong demand for parent-child travel market at present, and some travel agencies have not carried out product design and service innovation for parent-child groups, but are eager for quick success and instant benefit, and simply package some conventional routes, which is known as "parent-child products". The price of such products is much higher, but it lacks parent-child characteristics and is difficult to satisfy.

　　From the price point of view, compared with ordinary tourism products, the per capita cost of parent-child travel products is higher. According to statistics, the domestic per capita cost of parent-child tour is about 2,500 yuan, and the outbound per capita cost is about 8,000 yuan, and the price is at least 10% higher than that of ordinary tour. The reason for this difference is that the design standards of parent-child travel products may be higher, such as no red-eye flights, providing pick-up and drop-off service, helping to arrange children’s meals, and providing safety seats.

　　"It makes sense to be expensive," He Jun said. "If parent-child travel products can really provide higher standards of service, it is understandable that the price is higher, but if it is only based on ‘ Parent-child ’ As a scorpion, it is unacceptable to change the way to collect more money, and the products and services are still the same as before. "

　　"In today’s booming parent-child travel, products and services are varied and endless, and the quality is uneven. To better meet the needs of tourists and protect the rights and interests of tourists, there is an urgent need for stronger supervision and regulation to promote the market to provide more quality parent-child travel products. " Zhang Senhua, vice president of china tourism association Parent-child Tour and Youth Camp Branch, said.

　　Some travel agencies have been trying to promote the standardization of parent-child products and services. In June last year, Ctrip launched the first parent-child product standard covering all business lines, covering food, housing and transportation related to tourism. Taking the standard of parent-child room as an example, the parent-child room must use children’s toiletries, children’s bathrobe slippers and cartoon pillows that meet the standards; In terms of supporting services, the hotel needs to provide free children’s breakfast, free crib/free extra bed and other services.

　　Li Guofeng, who has been working as a tour guide for more than ten years, said that the biggest feature of parent-child travel is its strong interaction, and children can learn more knowledge through interaction with their parents during the trip. In the previous experience of "parent-child group", it is not uncommon for children to play with their own and parents to play with their mobile phones. An important reason is that parent-child products are not interactive enough. "When designing parent-child travel products, we should pay attention to children’s amusement needs, and also pay attention to whether parents are also interested in it and participate together, so as to better increase knowledge and enhance feelings."

　　Create high-quality products

　　It is estimated that by 2020, the parent-child cultural tourism market will reach 500 billion yuan, and safety, quality and experience are the three major factors that parents-child tourists should consider first.

　　"Traveling to the northwest this summer, from Xi ‘an to Lanzhou, all the way is a place of interest, and the itinerary is rich and fun. The design of parent-child travel products is also very careful. There are many interactions and learning links between parents and children, and they have gained a lot during the trip. " Li Yonghong, who works in a hospital in Qingdao, Shandong Province, is a "post-80s" mother who likes traveling and pays attention to quality. Especially when traveling with children, in addition to considering the scenic spots and culture, I also hope that the journey will be comfortable and enjoyable, "absolutely not fooling."

　　At present, the core customers of parent-child travel market are mainly "post-80s" and "post-90s" parents. With the upgrading of tourism consumption, their demand for tourism products is more diversified and their requirements for tourism quality are higher. In addition to traditional parent-child travel products such as summer vacation, study tour and amusement park, they show more demand for more characteristic tourist routes.

　　"Safety, quality and experience are the three major factors that parents and children should consider first." Li Qiuyan, manager of brand development department of Donkey Mama Travel Network, said that safety includes not only traffic safety during travel, but also whether products are beneficial to children’s mental health. Quality is the soul of the product, covering the hardware in travel, the rationality of product design and the comprehensive quality and service attitude of accompanying teachers. Good experience comes from details, especially for parent-child customers. A kind reminder and a special meal for children will give extra points to the product experience.

　　According to the report released by china tourism association Parent-child Travel and Youth Camp Branch, the market scale of parent-child travel in China has exceeded 100 billion yuan in 2018, and it is expected to reach 500 billion yuan by 2020. Such a huge market and the diversified needs of parents require tourism enterprises and scenic spots to create more and more distinctive high-quality tourism products.

　　"Make chocolate by hand with children, learn the whole process of chocolate production from raw material picking to cleaning and grinding, and observe factory production. Seeing flowers and picking them in the ecological park is very distinctive and children like it very much. " Hao Qingfeng’s family from Shanghai took advantage of the weekend to travel by car to Dayun Town, Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province, and were deeply impressed by the local parent-child travel products.

　　Dai Bin suggested that in order to adapt to the development trend of parent-child tourism market, relevant departments should formulate their own product standards for parent-child tourism according to local conditions, and enterprises should intensively cultivate and take into account the psychological needs of children of different ages in product design and develop diversified tourism products. Let parent-child tourism integrate with new needs and new formats such as culture, education and summer vacation, so that children and parents can spend a wonderful travel time in a relaxed and happy atmosphere.

　　Please pay attention to these matters for parent-child travel (further reading)

　　The choice of destination needs to be cautious.

　　Parent-child tourism must first determine the tourist destination according to the child’s age and hobbies.

　　If the child is still unable to walk independently or is not weaned, it is not recommended to take the child on a trip. Although preschool children can keep up with the pace of adults in their diet and daily life, their resistance and adaptability to the environment are poor. Therefore, it is suggested to choose neighboring go on road trip with short journey, comfortable environment and similar climate. Children over the age of 6 already have their own ideas. When choosing a destination, they can communicate with them more and consider their interests and wishes.

　　The luggage should be fully prepared.

　　Before departure, learn more about the tourist destination, including weather and traffic conditions, and take your luggage. Children’s articles must be brought, such as coats, windbreakers, loose clothes, sun hats, sunglasses, umbrellas, etc. You can make a list in advance and then "follow the map" to avoid omission.

　　We should also prepare one or two small toys that children like to appease when they are upset or bored, and then prepare some nutritious snacks that children usually like to eat, which can play a role in supplementing physical strength and regulating emotions at critical moments.

　　Prepare medicines for emergency.

　　Be sure to prepare commonly used medicines before going out, such as children’s cold medicines, antidiarrheal medicines, and trauma medicines such as disinfectant alcohol and medical gauze. In addition, you should also bring some anti-mosquito drugs and hemostatic stickers.

　　If children are prone to carsickness, they can take some carsickness medicine, but the dosage should be small every time. After carsickness, they should stop to drink some water and breathe fresh air. Common allergies include food allergies, pollen allergies, and mosquito bites. You can take some anti-allergic drugs just in case.

　　If the child has severe vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, systemic rash and other reactions when traveling, he should be sent to the hospital immediately for treatment.

　　Eat, drink and be merry in moderation.

　　It is best not to change children’s daily eating habits when traveling, and try to avoid letting children eat food that is easy to get angry or allergic. Eating should not be too miscellaneous, so as not to cause digestive tract discomfort. The water for children should be boiled before entering, even pure water is recommended to be boiled before drinking.

　　Eat carefully and have fun in moderation. For the sake of children’s safety, don’t let them leave their sight, the itinerary should be reasonable and the work and rest should be regular.

　　(People’s Daily reporter Luo Shanshan finishing)

CCTV News:On February 5th, News Network reported the development of e-commerce logistics and the supply of bulk commodities in China in January 2024. In 2023, the execution amount of service outsourcing contracts in China achieved double growth, and the main economic indicators of the machinery industry grew steadily. Combined with the latest news released in recent days in finance, transportation and optimization of business environment, groups of data outlined a vivid picture of high-quality development, reflecting the strong pulse and surging vitality of China economy.　　　　

The People’s Bank of China lowered the RRR by 0.5 percentage point and released liquidity of 1 trillion yuan.

On February 5th, the People’s Bank of China lowered the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions by 0.5 percentage point, which is what we often call "RRR reduction". The deposit reserve ratio means that banks turn over the absorbed deposits to the central bank in a certain proportion to ensure financial security. After the RRR cut, the deposit paid by the bank is less, and the money in hand is more. According to estimates, if the RRR is lowered by 0.5 percentage points, banks will have 1 trillion yuan of low-cost funds in their hands. A number of banks also stated that they should transmit this benefit to the loan as soon as possible.

The RRR cut policy will be implemented before the Spring Festival, which can also better meet the capital needs of banks during the Spring Festival.

CCTV reporter Wang Lei:After the downward adjustment, the weighted average deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions is about 7%. It is worth noting that the previous RRR cuts were basically adjusted by 0.25 percentage points, but this time the downward adjustment reached 0.5 percentage points, which exceeded the general expectations of the market.

Many experts believe that there will be a big gap in liquidity in the banking system before the Spring Festival due to factors such as centralized cash withdrawal by residents and enterprises and long holidays. The central bank’s RRR cut policy was laid out in advance, which can meet the liquidity demand during the Spring Festival and effectively promote the smooth operation of the financial market.

Dong Ximiao, Principal Investigator of Zhaolian:At the beginning of the year, especially before the Spring Festival, banks were guided to increase credit supply by a large margin, which fully reflected the determination of the People’s Bank of China to increase efforts to support the recovery of the real economy and was conducive to boosting the confidence of various business entities.　

This RRR cut has given banks about 1 trillion yuan more long-term funds. Many banks, such as China Agricultural Bank, China Bank and China Construction Bank, indicated that they would use these funds to further increase their support for the real economy and increase credit supply in key areas such as farmers’ loans, rural construction, real estate market, advanced manufacturing industry and private enterprises.

China has achieved remarkable results in optimizing the business environment.

On February 5, the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission introduced that China adhered to the problem orientation, accelerated the reform of key areas and key links, and achieved remarkable results in optimizing the business environment.

In improving the level of marketization, the state has issued anti-monopoly supporting regulations and law enforcement guidelines in key areas, and carried out special treatment of outstanding problems in the field of bidding and tendering for engineering construction; Establish mechanisms such as investment and loan linkage pilot cooperation to expand the space for private investment; Introduce preferential tax and fee policies to effectively reduce operating costs such as corporate financing and tax burden.

In improving the level of rule of law, the state has cancelled and adjusted 33 fines and vigorously rectified illegal fees charged by enterprises; Promote the administrative adjudication of major patent infringement disputes and protect the legitimate rights and interests of business entities according to law.

In terms of improving the level of internationalization, China has implemented the strategy of upgrading the free trade pilot zone and piloted the docking of international high-standard economic and trade rules; Hengqin Guangdong-Macao Deep Cooperation Zone will relax market access and further increase efforts to attract foreign investment; Customs optimizes business environment and promotes customs clearance facilitation.　

In terms of improving the level of government services, the state has expanded the application scope of electronic business licenses, launched 109 specific measures of "facilitating taxation", and promoted the "transfer with mortgage" of real estate; The nationwide telegraph installation has achieved zero door-to-door, zero approval and zero investment service coverage, saving power users more than 200 billion yuan in investment.

China will accelerate the construction of a unified national market.

According to the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission, China will speed up the construction of a unified national market and create a stable, fair, transparent and predictable business environment.

From the standpoint of legislation, China has comprehensively revised the new version of the negative list of market access, and the basic system of the market has become more unified; Nearly 90% of the national expressway service areas have built reserved charging parking spaces, and the online trading service platform of the national land secondary market has been put into operation, making the market facilities more efficient and connected.

From a broken point of view, in view of improper intervention in the construction of a unified national market, China has established a rectification and typical case interview notification system; Organize all localities to clean up the prescribed practices that hinder the construction of a unified market and fair competition, and promote the special rectification of improper market intervention in the fields of engineering construction and bidding.

The total business volume index of e-commerce logistics reached a new high of nearly two years.

China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing announced on February 5th that in January, the logistics index of e-commerce in China was 112.8 points, 0.4 percentage points higher than that of the previous month.

From the sub-index, the strong demand for e-commerce logistics has led to a significant rebound in the total business volume index. In January, the total business volume index of e-commerce logistics reached 125.3 points, a record high of nearly two years. The business volume index of rural e-commerce logistics stopped falling and rebounded, increasing by 1.3 points over the previous month, and rose to above 129 points again, maintaining a high operation. Local specialty foods have become the mainstream of new year goods, and fresh e-commerce has become one of the main channels for consumers to purchase new year goods with the rapid development of instant retail.

In addition, the personnel index stopped falling and rebounded, and the actual load rate index exceeded 117 points for the first time, hitting a record high, that is, the efficiency of matching goods with trucks was higher, and the adaptability of e-commerce logistics supply system to market demand was significantly enhanced.

In January, the growth rate of commodity supply accelerated and sales increased.

China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing also announced that the commodity index of China in January was 101.1%, up 0.4 percentage points from last month. In terms of sub-items, China’s commodity supply index was 101.4% in January, up 1.1 percentage points from the previous month, and the growth rate of commodity supply accelerated. In January, the sales index of bulk commodities was 100.6%. Among the main commodities, the sales of iron ore, raw coal, non-ferrous metals and chemicals continued to increase.

In 2023, the execution amount of service outsourcing contracts in China will double.

According to the data released by the Ministry of Commerce, in 2023, the contract value of service outsourcing undertaken by Chinese enterprises was 2,866.6 billion yuan, and the execution amount was 1,959.1 billion yuan, up by 17.6% and 18.6% respectively. Among them, offshore service outsourcing services such as new energy technology research and development services, inspection and testing services, and vehicle maintenance services have grown rapidly.

The main economic indicators of China’s machinery industry have grown steadily.

According to the latest data released by China Machinery Industry Federation on February 5, the added value of machinery industry increased by 8.7% year-on-year in 2023, which was 4.1 percentage points higher than the national industrial growth rate. By the end of 2023, the number of enterprises above designated size in the machinery industry had reached 121,000, an increase of 10,000 over the previous year.

In January, the freight transported by trains in the western land and sea new passage increased by 39% year-on-year

In January this year, 80,000 TEUs were transported by rail-sea combined transport in the new land-sea corridor in the west, up 39% year-on-year, and the number of transported goods increased from more than 50 in the past to more than 980 now. At present, the new land-sea passage in the west has been expanded from the initial cooperation between Chongqing and Guangxi provinces to the cooperation of 18 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China, and the transportation network covers 473 ports in 120 countries and regions around the world.

The the State Council Security Committee deployed a three-year campaign to tackle the root cause of production safety.

The the State Council Safety Committee recently deployed various regions, relevant departments and units to carry out a three-year campaign to tackle the root causes of production safety, and to carry out "eight major actions" such as safety education and training for the main persons in charge of production and business units and dynamic clearing of hidden dangers of major accidents, so as to promote the stable situation of production safety throughout the country and effectively curb the frequent occurrence of serious production safety accidents.

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, December 12 (Reporter Shendyapin) On December 12, at the press conference held by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on "Giving full play to the role of national high-tech zones to accelerate new industrialization", Wu Jiaxi, deputy director of the Planning Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, introduced that by November 2023, the total number of national high-tech industrial development zones (hereinafter referred to as "national high-tech zones") had reached 178, and 23 countries had built their own independence based on 66 national high-tech zones.

　　According to the deployment requirements of the Party and State Institutional Reform Plan, the function of the Ministry of Science and Technology to guide the construction of national high-tech zones and self-created zones has been transferred to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The National New Industrialization Promotion Conference held in September this year put forward clear requirements for giving full play to the important carrier and engine role of high-tech zones and other parks.

　　Wu Jiaxi introduced that since its establishment 35 years ago, the National High-tech Zone has adhered to the initial mission of "developing high technology and realizing industrialization", done well the two articles of "high" and "new", embarked on a road of high-tech industrialization with China characteristics, and has become an important innovation source, an experimental field for institutional mechanism reform, an important carrier for high-growth enterprises and high-end industrial agglomeration in China, making important contributions to China’s high-quality development.

　　He pointed out that in recent years, national high-tech zones have continuously deepened reform and exploration, promoted the docking of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and rapidly improved their comprehensive strength, laying a solid foundation for promoting new industrialization at a high level in the new era.

　　First, give play to the leading role of high-quality development and become an important engine for stable economic growth. In 2022, the GDP of national high-tech zones reached 17.3 trillion yuan, creating 14.3% of the national GDP and contributing 13.6% of the national tax revenue. From January to September 2023, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the park reached 12.33 trillion yuan, a nominal increase of 7.11% year-on-year.

　　The second is to cultivate and expand high-tech industrial clusters, which has become an important cornerstone to ensure the safety of the industrial chain supply chain. The scale of Zhongguancun’s next-generation information technology, Wuhan Donghu optoelectronics and Zhangjiang integrated circuit industry accounted for 17%, 50% and 35% of the country respectively. Supported the construction of 38 national advanced manufacturing clusters, gathering 1/3 of high-tech enterprises and 2/3 of listed enterprises in science and technology innovation board.

　　The third is to strengthen the source of innovation and the breakthrough of key core technologies, which has become a strong support for high-level science and technology to stand on its own feet. From the base platform, the National High-tech Zone has gathered nearly 80% national key laboratories, 70% national manufacturing innovation centers and 78% national technological innovation centers. From the perspective of R&D investment, the R&D investment of enterprises in national high-tech zones exceeds one trillion yuan, accounting for nearly half of the national R&D investment. From the output of achievements, the invention patents owned by enterprises in national high-tech zones account for nearly half of the country; A number of leading original achievements such as intelligent robots and satellite navigation have accelerated industrialization in high-tech zones, and the first artificial intelligence chip and the first quantum communication satellite were born in high-tech zones.

　　The fourth is to enhance the role of radiation and become the main position to implement the major national and regional strategies. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have gathered a quarter of the national high-tech zones. The coverage rate of national high-tech zones in prefecture-level cities in the eastern region has reached 71%, and the coverage rate of prefecture-level cities in the central region has reached 59%.

　　Wu Jiaxi said that in the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will implement the deployment of the National New Industrialization Promotion Conference, adhere to inheritance, consolidation and innovative development, always adhere to the initial mission of "developing high technology and realizing industrialization", further focus on the national strategic needs, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, cultivate new industries with new technologies, lead industrial upgrading, foster new kinetic energy for development, accelerate the formation of new quality productivity, and contribute more "high-tech" forces to promoting Chinese modernization.

What disease is AIDS?

What behaviors are at risk of contracting AIDS?

Can high-risk behaviors be remedied?

How to prevent AIDS transmission …

Deng Xinyan, head of the AIDS Prevention and Control Department of Maoming CDC, took the opportunity of the series of publicity activities of World AIDS Day in 2023 to answer questions on the hot issues of AIDS prevention and control that the public is more concerned about.

Three ways of transmission should be known.

Don’t be afraid of daily contact.

Deng Xinyan introduced that AIDS is a systemic disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which will lead to progressive immune dysfunction. At present, there are three ways of transmission of AIDS, namely blood transmission, sexual transmission and mother-to-child transmission.

The main route of transmission is sexual transmission. If you have unprotected sex with people who don’t know the HIV infection status, you may get infected, especially unprotected homosexual sex between men, and the risk of infection will be higher. Blood transmission is the most direct route of infection, and it is very dangerous to import blood contaminated by virus, use intravenous drugs contaminated by blood without strict disinfection and share syringes. In addition, pregnant women infected with HIV may also spread to the fetus if they do not accept standardized mother-to-child blocking.

Generally speaking, the high-risk behaviors of HIV infection in life include unsafe sex, sharing needles, importing blood or blood products without anti-HIV antibody detection, and occupational exposure history. In addition, daily contact, respiratory droplets and water will not cause the spread of HIV, such as sharing school supplies, eating together, sharing toilets, shaking hands, hugging, etc., AIDS patients or infected people cough or sneeze, and generally will not spread AIDS; Mosquito bites will not spread AIDS in summer. You don’t have to be overly "afraid of AIDS", and you should correctly understand AIDS with a scientific and rational attitude.

After high-risk behavior

Knowing "self-help" is very important.

Deng Xinyan suggested that in life, once a high-risk behavior that may be infected with AIDS occurs, you should immediately go to the local disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions and testing points for testing and consultation together with those who have high-risk behaviors. Individuals can also buy self-testing reagents for testing. If the test is positive, they should go to medical institutions and CDC in time for further confirmatory testing. Testing is the only way to know whether you are infected with AIDS.

It should be noted that it generally takes 2 to 12 weeks for a human body to produce a sufficient number of antibodies after being infected with HIV before it can be detected by clinical test methods. The period from HIV infection to the detection of HIV antibodies in blood is called "window period". The "window period" is usually half a month to three months, and a few people can reach six months. If the HIV antibody is tested in the "window period", even if there is HIV in the blood and it can spread to others, the test result is still negative. Therefore, during the "window period", what we can do is to calm our minds and stop high-risk behaviors.

"Some people get scared after having high-risk sex. But please don’t be too flustered first. After the exposure of AIDS, it can be prevented and remedied. " Deng Xinyan said that at present, taking post-exposure drug prevention has become one of the important means of AIDS prevention. Post-exposure drug prevention refers to people who have not been infected with HIV. Under the guidance of a doctor, they should use blocking drugs as soon as possible within 1 to 2 hours (or earlier) after exposure, and take them for 28 days at the latest within 72 hours after exposure, which can effectively reduce the risk of HIV infection, and the drug use effect is the best within 2 hours. At present, Maoming Chronic Disease Prevention Center and Dianbai District People’s Hospital can provide post-exposure preventive services.

Do a good job of self-protection

Is the most effective means of prevention

At present, according to Maoming’s AIDS surveillance data, the overall AIDS epidemic in our city remains at a low epidemic level, and the mode of transmission is mainly sexual transmission, which increases the risk of general population involvement. Among the newly reported cases this year, sexual transmission accounted for 95.5%, of which heterosexual transmission accounted for 89.7% and homosexual transmission accounted for 5.8%; The majority of cases are in the senior age group, and the proportion of newly reported cases in the age group over 50 years is basically between 57% and 72% in recent five years. The case was found late and the death rate was high.

"The people who need to focus on prevention and control in our city are concentrated in the elderly and adolescents, mainly due to poor awareness of self-protection, resulting in a high proportion of infections. At the same time, most infected people were diagnosed after entering the AIDS period and missed the best treatment opportunity. " Deng Xinyan said that the difficulty of AIDS prevention and treatment lies in the difficulty of incurability and control. At present, no drugs have been developed to cure AIDS, and there is no effective vaccine to prevent AIDS. Under the current medical level, patients or infected people must take drugs for life. Therefore, it is particularly important to master the knowledge of AIDS prevention.

At present, our city actively promotes the publicity and education work of AIDS prevention and control "into the community, into the enterprise, into the hospital, into the campus and into the family". From January to November this year, Maoming CDC went into 17 towns (streets) in various districts (county-level cities) and went to many enterprises, universities and vocational schools to carry out AIDS publicity and education activities. Up to now, more than 80 AIDS "Five Enters" publicity activities have been carried out, covering more than 50,000 people.

In December, taking the 2023 "World AIDS Day" series of publicity activities as an opportunity, Maoming CDC successively carried out publicity activities to eliminate AIDS free clinics, "promoting buses to enter the campus and the community", intervention activities for men who have sex with men, "World AIDS Day" and related knowledge publicity. Through the development and promotion of activities, the public’s awareness of AIDS prevention and control has been significantly improved, and good results have been achieved, which has played a positive role in the in-depth development of AIDS prevention and control work in our city.

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Original title: "Maoming CDC experts answer hot issues of AIDS prevention and control →"

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　　Since 1933, Liqun brand has been deposited in Shandong Province for nearly 90 years.

　　Compared with modern shopping centers such as () and Vientiane City, which represent the young trend, "Liqun" is more like an "old brand" specializing in department stores and home appliance supermarkets in the impression of local people. However, it is this old brand that stands firm in the shopping mall. As an evergreen tree in Shandong’s commercial field, it continues to grow and flourish.

　　Reconstruct traditional commercial elements and launch "quasi-shopping center"

　　Compared with the business format of shopping centers, "department stores and supermarkets add appliances" is the "three axes" of Liqun’s traditional offline business format, which has made a good record for improving the territory. Facing the change of modern consumption concept and the diversified impact of shopping centers, Liqun chose its own development road-"quasi-shopping centers".

　　Once upon a time, "department store-shopping center" became a fixed upgrading model of the industry. Some people think that the biggest difference between shopping centers and department stores is the difference in thinking. The former is flow thinking and demand orientation, while the latter is sales thinking and performance orientation. "The shopping center is a market, and the department store is a business". The most essential difference between shopping centers and department stores is the separation of place management and retail management. The advantages of shopping centers lie in their large area, various formats and complete types of goods, but there are also disadvantages such as large investment, low rate of return, lack of brand resources and difficulty in realizing traffic.

　　Is there only one way for traditional department stores to upgrade to shopping centers? () gives a negative answer. The company’s concept of "quasi-shopping center" focuses on the organic combination of the two advantages: Liqun’s superior business layout of traditional "department stores, supermarkets and electrical appliances", plus various business elements such as shopping center catering, cinemas and entertainment, so that emerging, young and distinctive brands can find the display position closest to consumers, and Liqun can also meet consumers’ consumption needs with more diversified goods and services, and improve its own business performance.

　　The concept of "shopping+eating, drinking and having fun" is perfectly reflected in Jinding Square on the west coast of Liqun in Huangdao District, Qingdao: here, customers can buy inexpensive necessities such as people’s livelihood and home, high-quality and fidelity jewelry, gold ornaments and cosmetics of well-known brands, fashionable household appliances and clothing, and enjoy delicious meals and drinks, reading, watching movies, equestrian skating and so on after shopping. In the future, Liqun will continue to upgrade on this basis to create a unique shopping style belonging to Liqun.

　　Stick to the essence of retail and open up digital operation

　　Someone said, "The sadness of China Department Store is that when the market share is not big enough, it meets e-commerce. The business model has not yet begun to change, and it has met the shopping center. "

　　The impact of e-commerce on physical retail seems to be an indisputable fact. According to the data of the top 100 chain enterprises in China, the sales of the top 100 chain enterprises accounted for 9.3% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods in 2012, which was lower than the level of 11% in 2011. This is the first time that the proportion has decreased since 2003, and it also proves that the traditional retail industry is constantly being squeezed by e-commerce.

　　Since then, many physical retail enterprises have begun to practice hard and pursue transformation in various ways, and have spawned various new concepts and models, such as new entities, new consumption and new retail.

　　As early as 2004, Liqun began to set foot in the emerging format of e-commerce, set up an e-commerce company, opened Liqun. com and started to build a PC. After the rise of mobile e-commerce, the company began to develop O2O services. In August 2017, Liqun’s online procurement platform was launched, serving the bulk procurement of enterprises, institutions, restaurants, convenience stores and other front-end channels, which indicates that Liqun’s O2O and B2B business models have achieved certain results. In 2018, Liqun started the intelligent and digital reconstruction of the supply chain, used new technical means to improve operational efficiency and reduce operating costs, and built a smart supply chain information management platform, which was successfully launched in 2021, providing an effective guarantee for Liqun to realize the standardization, standardization and simplification of business operations. Today, the "Liqun Online Merchant" APP has moved more than 1 million items operated by nearly 100 shopping malls and supermarkets online. (1) It is deeply integrated, sharing inventory at the same price, and customers can stay at home and visit Liqun. With its smart logistics system, it can deliver goods to consumers efficiently, safely and quickly.

　　Liqun shares believe that cultivating consumers’ habits is the core work of the retail industry. Whether it is live broadcast with goods or new formats such as community group buying, it is essentially a change in habits brought about by technology to better cater to and even create the needs of consumers. The company will adhere to this core theory, work hard and quietly in its own main business field, and provide the most comfortable service to consumers with the concept of "high quality and low price, complete categories", "saving every penny for you" and the spirit of "doing with heart and never being satisfied".

　　Deeply ploughing retail is the foundation, and perfecting supply chain is the guidance.

　　Liqun shares describe its business model as a supply chain integrated enterprise that adheres to the principle of "whole industry chain+self-management". The company is committed to building a four-in-one retail and platform operator of "source batch direct mining+brand agent operation+warehousing and logistics distribution+self-operated terminal retail (e-commerce)".

　　There is a saying that "one minute on the stage, ten years off the stage". The retail industry has a wide range of categories, and it is an industry that needs to be "finely crafted". There is no shortcut, and only the continuous refinement and innovation of the supply chain system is the "king". Liqun adopts the integrated operation mode of "whole industry chain+self-operation", focusing on source procurement and brand wholesale operation companies, and fully controls the whole supply chain link of "purchase, sale, adjustment and storage", thus making Liqun an industry leader in commodity selection, circulation and inventory control.

　　Today’s Liqun, in the field of brand wholesale operation, the source procurement channels of goods are all over the country. Fuxingxiang Logistics Group, a subsidiary of Fuxingxiang Logistics Group, has more than 30 brand agents and wholesale operation companies, all of which are mainly operated by buyout and self-operation, and are equipped with professional buyers and operation and maintenance teams, covering all categories of commodities such as grain and oil, drinks, supermarkets, household appliances, clothing, shoes and hats, baby products, sports, cosmetics and jewelry, forming a diversified and professional brand agent echelon. Operating more than 4,000 brands, with channels and channel agency rights of more than 500 well-known brands; We have established a stable cooperative relationship with nearly 3,000 upstream suppliers, and the proportion of supermarkets and home appliances is 95%.

　　In terms of terminal distribution capacity, Liqun’s brand export operation has continued to expand, and its market share has continued to increase. The sales share of some brand operating companies’ non-Liqun systems has exceeded Liqun’s internal distribution, and external customers involve other commercial enterprises, large farmers’ markets, convenience stores, enterprises and institutions, schools and military units, showing strong anti-risk ability.

　　At the same time of channel operation, Liqun has continuously consolidated the construction of supply chain hardware facilities in recent years, and successively invested 5 billion to build more than 500,000 square meters of Fuxingxiang Logistics two large-scale smart warehousing and logistics centers in Huai ‘an, Jiangsu and Licha, Jiaozhou, enabling Liqun to expand rapidly around 300 kilometers with the support of the two major logistics bases in the north and south. Among them, JIAOZHOU Smart Logistics and Supply Chain Base is the first commercial supply chain base in China to build an automatic unmanned operation system of "automatic warehouse building+circular shuttle car +3D vision reading, disassembling and stacking robot", with a dynamic inventory of about 3 billion yuan. Liqun’s central kitchen can provide more than a thousand kinds of processed products, such as Chinese and Western pastry, hot halogen products, aquatic products, box lunch, prefabricated vegetables, etc., with a daily designed output of more than 80 tons and an annual designed output value of 500 million yuan; Bean products factory is the largest and most modernized new bean products processing factory in Shandong province with single format. It designs and puts into production 40 tons of dried beans and produces more than 60 kinds of bean products in a single day, and the bean sprouts factory designs and produces 30 tons of bean sprouts in a single day. Healthy baking brand "Maiguqianqian", bean product brand "Fuxing Tofu" designated by Shanghe Summit in 2018, and natural rice brand "Gurenzhuang" with "farm food and native flavor".

　　On the one hand, the supply side constantly innovates the supply of goods to reduce costs and increase efficiency. On the other hand, the continuous innovation on the sales side can improve the quality of service and marketing and enhance the customer experience. From Liqun, an old brand, we can’t help thinking: Perhaps, throwing away the routine, discarding the false and retaining the true, returning to the essence of the retail industry, and impressing consumers with "more, faster, better and more economical" is the way for commercial enterprises to last forever. (CIS)

Special topic: All parts of the country are United in fighting snow disasters.

Water pipes are blocked by freezing in Tianshan, water, sand and new urban areas.

Sanitation workers sweep the streets in the cold wind

　　　 Affected by the strong cold air from western Siberia heading south and the trough in Central Asia, from 17th to 27th, there was a large-scale cooling and snowfall in Xinjiang, which was not only unbearable in most parts of northern Xinjiang, but also a rare continuous snowfall in southern Xinjiang, and the temperature continued to drop. Changji suffered the coldest 49 in 37 years, while Hotan broke through the extreme low temperature in 30 years.

　　　 Yesterday (January 27th), Dou Xinying, a senior engineer of Urumqi Meteorological Observatory, said that the lowest temperature in Urumqi was below -20℃ for five consecutive days from 19th to 23rd during the "April 9th" period. Although it did not break through the continuous low temperature of -23℃ to -24℃ from January 19th to 23rd, 1962, it was also a rare continuous low temperature weather in recent 40 years.　

　　　 Changji Prefecture suffered the coldest April 9th in 37 years. According to the data of Changji Meteorological Observatory, up to now, except for the April 9th average temperature in two counties, the April 9th average temperature in Changji Prefecture has been the second lowest since 1971, and the average temperature in other places has reached the lowest historical extreme since 1971. The April 9th average temperature at Caijiahu Meteorological Station in Changji Prefecture is -30.4℃, which is the coldest than the previous April 9th.　

　　 Last week, low temperature also appeared in other parts of northern Xinjiang. On the 20th, the temperature in Altay and Tacheng dropped to between -30℃ and -35℃. There is also a low temperature of nearly -30℃ along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang.

　　　 The temperature in southern Xinjiang, which has always been warmer in winter, has also dropped all the way in this weather. In many areas, the temperature is lower than -20℃, and in some areas, the temperature is even lower than -30℃. Among them, the low temperature in Hotan area has exceeded the extreme value of low temperature in the past 30 years.

　　　 In addition, there are rare continuous snowfalls in Aksu, Kezhou, Kashgar, Hotan and other places in southern Xinjiang. Among them, the snowfall in Hotan lasted for 8 days, and yesterday, the snowfall in Kashgar lasted for 9 days.

　　　 However, according to the data of the meteorological department, by the 24th, the accumulated precipitation of 19 stations in Aksu, Kashgar, Kezhou, Hotan and other places around the Tarim Basin reached a large amount, and 7 stations reached a violent amount. At present, the thickness of snow in Kashgar and other areas exceeds 10 cm, while that in mountainous areas is close to 30 cm.

　　　 It is predicted that in the coming week, the weather in most parts of northern Xinjiang will be mainly sunny, and the temperature will rise slowly, while the snowfall in southern Xinjiang will continue, but the snowfall will be very weak, and the low temperature weather will continue for three to four days.

Editor: Feng Ye

The Indian military research institute exhibited a self-developed full-scale model of the "loyal wingman" stealth drone at this air show, which reflected the ambition of the Indian aviation industry.

On February 3rd, Bangalore Aerospace Exhibition (India Air Show) was held at Yelahanka Air Force Base. Indian Defense Minister Rajnath Singh attended the opening ceremony.

Although the epidemic in India is still raging, the United States and Russia have sent a large lineup of exhibitors for the potential large orders of the Indian Air Force, and they have all produced a variety of advanced fighters. This year’s air show attracted more than 600 exhibitors, including 78 foreign exhibitors. It is worth mentioning that the US bomber B-1B flew from South Dakota for 26 hours and arrived at the air show in Bangalore, India. Accompanied by an LCA fighter of the Indian Air Force, it passed the field at low altitude.

Warrior UAV adopts stealth design, and its shape is very similar to that of American Valkyria and Loyal Wingman.

For huge orders, the United States and Russia showed advanced fighters regardless of the epidemic.

According to the "India Times" reported on February 3, at the opening ceremony of the air show that day, The representative of the United States said at the press conference that Washington suggested that the Indian Air Force purchase American fighters, and the optional models include F-18, F-15 and F-16 (the United States later gave the specific number F-21).

The representative of the United States said that it is possible that the United States will produce American fighters in India as part of the "Made in India" plan. The representative of the United States also said that India is an important defense partner of Washington and the two sides will continue to cooperate to strengthen security in the Asia-Pacific region. The representative also said that Washington knew about India’s purchase of Russian-made S-400 air defense missile system and had asked India to abandon the deal, but the United States would consider this issue separately.

In June 2017, during the Paris Air Show in France, Lockheed Martin, an American military enterprise, announced that it had signed an agreement with India’s Tata Group to produce the F-16 Block70 in India at the Paris Air Show. India and the United States signed an agreement with a total value of over 10 billion US dollars, which became a heavy news during the air show and triggered a heated discussion. However, due to technology transfer, funds and other issues, the plan for the United States and India to jointly produce the improved F-16 has not yet landed. India plans to buy 114 multi-role fighters, with a budget allocation of about $17 billion. Several rounds of bidding have been conducted, but there has been no result. American F-16, Russian MIG -35, French Gust and Swedish Gryphon all participated in the bidding.

In recent years, the defense relationship between the United States and India has been deepening. Not only have high-level joint military exercises been conducted frequently, but the United States has also sold more and more advanced weapons to India. In the past 12 years, the United States has provided India with more than $18 billion in weapons and equipment, mainly including P-8 anti-submarine patrol aircraft, C-17 large transport aircraft, MH-60 anti-submarine helicopter, AH-64 armed helicopter and large-caliber artillery. At present, the United States has become the second largest exporter of weapons to India after Russia. According to the data at the end of 2018, Russia accounts for about 65% of India’s arms imports, the United States accounts for about 15%, and Israel accounts for about 11%.

F-16 is the third-generation fighter with the largest number of production in the world, and it is still in production today. With the expansion of the stealth fighter in the United States, the demand for the third-generation fighter is gradually decreasing. Transferring the F-16 production line to India can further extract the surplus value of the fighter and earn more money, and further deepen the defense cooperation between the two countries.

In addition to the F-16, the United States also actively promoted the F/A-18 carrier-based fighter to India. In August last year, the US F/A-18 carrier-based fighter successfully carried out the ground takeoff test, which proved to India that the aircraft can take off in the Indian Navy. At present, India has an aircraft carrier "Vikla Matia", and the aircraft carrier "Viklandt" is scheduled to enter the train next year. Both aircraft carriers take off in a skid mode, and the carrier aircraft is a Russian MIG -29. India has purchased 45 MIG-29s in total, but the performance of the aircraft is not good after being equipped in India, and the intact rate is less than 50%. So far, six MIG-29s have crashed. In this regard, the Indian Navy can be said to be "suffering", and the performance of domestic LCA carrier aircraft cannot meet the demand, and MIG-29s can only make do with it. Now, with the deepening of the defense relationship between the United States and India, the choice of carrier aircraft has increased by one.

The F/A-18 carrier-based fighter successfully carried out the ground takeoff test.

As India’s largest supplier of weapons, Russia also sent a core lineup to participate in this air show. Among them, the full-scale model of Su -57E fighter made its debut at the Indian Air Show.

Su -57 is the latest fifth-generation multi-role fighter developed by Russia. The fighter adopts stealth design and composite materials, and its weapons will include hypersonic missiles. The Su -57 prototype made its first flight in 2010, and the first mass production machine was delivered to the army in December 2020. Russia decided to purchase 76 Su-57s and equip three aviation regiments before 2027. Su -57E is the export model of Su -57, which made its debut at the Moscow Air Show in 2019. Its target customers include several Russian traditional fighter sales customers such as India, Vietnam, Indonesia and Algeria.

Victor Kladov, director of international cooperation and regional policy of Russian National Technology Group, said on February 1st that many foreign customers showed great interest in Russian foreign trade weapon Su -57E fifth-generation fighter. "This fighter has aroused great interest in many countries because of its unique combat performance and flight characteristics," Kladov said.

India has reached an agreement with Russia to jointly manufacture FGFA fighters based on Su -57 fighters. In 2007, India and Russia agreed to jointly manufacture FGFA fighters, and signed a cooperation agreement in 2010. In 2018, a senior Indian Defense Ministry official revealed that India will withdraw from the FGFA cooperation project that started 11 years ago. It is said that the FGFA project ended because the two sides have differences in research and development costs and technical capabilities.

Full-scale model of Su -57E fighter.

FGFA is actually an export version of Su -57, but some changes have been made according to the needs of India. At present, the fifth-generation aircraft that India is expected to acquire are only Russian products, the American F-22 is not for sale, and the F-35 has not been exported to India. Moreover, there are many orders for the F-35 from project partners and American allies. Even if the export is agreed, it is unlikely that India will equip the F-35 in the next few years.

Despite the twists and turns, the Su -57 was officially delivered to the troops last year, which is of great significance to this project. With the increase of stealth fighters in India’s neighboring countries, India is likely to buy Su -57 fighters again.

In addition, the close defense cooperation between India and Russia is also an important reason why India chose Su -57. More than 70% of the weapons of the Indian armed forces are Soviet-Russian products, and Russian equipment accounts for 80% of Indian combat aircraft, including Su -30MKI, MIG -29 multi-function fighter and Mi -17 military transport helicopter. Since India put forward the "Made in India" plan in 2014, Russia and India have implemented more than 200 joint projects under this framework.

India’s NG-CCM new generation fighting bomb displayed with Warrior UAV.

Following the military frontier technology, the Indian version of "loyal wingman" appeared.

In recent years, the UAV named "loyal wingman" has become a popular equipment in the field of UAV development. The concept of "loyal wingman" was first put forward by the United States in 2015. Subsequently, Russia, Australia, Britain and other countries also launched their own versions of "loyal wingman" drones.

Literally, the "loyal wingman" UAV mainly plays the role of wingman, has autonomous combat capability, can effectively integrate with manned fighters, complete coordinated operations, and improve operational efficiency. The specific operational roles of the "loyal wingman" drone are: acting as a weapon launching platform and launching attacks on targets designated by manned pilots; Strike the target set perceived by the drone; Attract anti-aircraft fire for manned aircraft and destroy threatening targets; Implement anti-interference outside the area; As an information fusion node of ISR.

Valkyria UAV developed by the US Air Force.

There are three main types of "loyal wingman" drones: one is modified from manned fighters; The other is a newly developed UAV. Some high-end UAVs generally adopt stealth design, and some low-end UAVs adopt non-stealth design. The "loyal wingman" drone sacrifices itself when necessary to ensure the safety of manned aircraft, so it is also fully considered in terms of cost and belongs to a product that can be quickly consumed. The "loyal wingman" who cooperates with the fifth-generation aircraft generally adopts stealth design, such as the American XQ-58A and the Russian "Grom".

The XQ-58A "Valkyria" UAV prototype completed its first flight in March 2019. It was jointly developed by the US Air Force Research Laboratory and Karatos UAV Systems Company, with a length of 9.14 meters and an internal bomb bay capable of carrying 272 kilograms of payload. It was mainly designed to cooperate with F-22, F-35 and other manned stealth fighters. The "Grom" UAV designed by Kronstadt Company of Russia was announced for the first time at the 6th International Military and Technical Forum held in August 2020. Airborne weapons, including laser-guided bombs, TV-guided bombs and air-to-ground missiles, were also displayed with the UAV. From the appearance, the stealth UAV is similar to the American XQ-58A UAV, both of which adopt a diamond nose and a backpack inlet.

The "Grom" UAV can carry a variety of precision guided munitions.

At this air show, the Indian military industrial organization also demonstrated the Indian version of the "Loyalty Wingman" drone. Hindustan Aviation Co., Ltd. (HAL) first demonstrated the full-scale Warrior UAV model. The aircraft was developed within the framework of AMCA battle plan, which has been implemented for about five years. In addition, India’s Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Aviation Development Agency (ADA) launched the dual-engine carrier aircraft (TEDBF) program.

From the appearance, the UAV is very similar to Boeing’s "loyal wingman". It adopts stealth design, the inlet is located above the fuselage, the cross section of the fuselage is irregular and polygonal, and the tail nozzle is stealth-treated, which can greatly weaken the radar reflection signal and infrared characteristics. The power system consists of two small turbojet or turbofan engines, which can ensure the UAV to fly at high subsonic speed.

In the vision of the Indian military industry organization, Warrior UAV can cooperate with the domestic AMCA fifth-generation fighter to keep up with the transformation of the combat style of the world-class air force. However, it is one thing to make a model, and it is one thing to really develop a reliable real machine. In the past, Indian military institutions often showed various advanced fighter models at air shows, but few of them were really developed successfully. AMCA’s fifth-generation fighter model has appeared for nearly 10 years, but the project has not been officially launched so far.

    Before the Spring Festival, we met representative Wang Yongcheng in Fujian Strait Massage Guidance Center for the Blind. He just finished his research in Sanming, Fujian, and is preparing to further sort out and revise this year’s proposal materials.

    There were a lot of things before, so I should quickly record the recent research content. Picking up the Braille dot ruler, Wang Yongcheng quickly wrote on the manuscript paper, and the silent corridor rang with the "click" sound when writing in Braille.

   With the help of volunteers, Wang Yongcheng (right) went to Hongqiangxiang Community, Gulou District, Fuzhou City to investigate the enrollment of children from blind families and the occupancy of affordable housing (photo taken on February 18).

    At the age of 18, Wang Yongcheng overcame many difficulties and gradually became the chief physician of medical massage for the blind. He held a training course on blind massage, founded the Fujian Strait Blind Massage Guidance Center, and trained more than 6,000 blind masseurs free of charge, driving more blind people onto the road of self-reliance.

    After being elected as a deputy to the National People’s Congress, Wang Yongcheng constantly received demands from friends with disabilities from all over the world. He conducted in-depth research and actively spoke for this group. Over the past year, Wang Yongcheng has faithfully performed the sacred duties of deputies to the National People’s Congress. He said that his dream is to let the voices of 85 million disabled people be heard and the wishes of 17 million visually impaired people be "seen".

   Wang Yongcheng wrote advice materials in Braille in the studio of Fuzhou Strait Massage Guidance Center for the Blind (photo taken on February 6).

    At last year’s National People’s Congress, as the only blind representative in the 14th National People’s Congress, Wang Yongcheng submitted four suggestions on issues such as employment, education and barrier-free environment construction for the blind.

    "I was very excited when I received the Braille reply for the first time." Wang Yongcheng took out the Braille reply and read it aloud with his fingers.

   Wang Yongcheng (first from right) teaches blind friends the essentials of blind pressing at Fujian Strait Massage Guidance Center for the Blind (photo taken on February 6).

    On the ninth day of the first month, just after the Spring Festival holiday, accompanied by volunteers, Wang Yongcheng went to Hongqiangxiang Community, Gulou District, Fuzhou City to investigate the enrollment of children from blind families and the occupancy of affordable housing. Picking up the four-year-old blind child, Wang Yongcheng asked about the child’s situation. When he learned that the blind child went to school and the blind family security room had landed, Wang Yongcheng smiled.

   Wang Yongcheng (first from left) sent New Year greetings to blind families in Hongqiangxiang Community, Gulou District, Fuzhou (photo taken on February 18).

    On March 5th, the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress opened in Beijing. In the resident room, we chatted with Wang Yongcheng about our performance in the past year.

    Wang Yongcheng said: "Last year, I attended the National People’s Congress for the first time. My wife accompanied me all the way as a guide. The resident room was equipped with a Braille computer and the venue was equipped with barrier-free access. This year, the conference provided me with a document in Braille. As a representative of the blind, I am deeply encouraged to continue to drum up and shout for the cause of the disabled. "

   On March 3, representative Wang Yongcheng was interviewed by reporters in his resident room in Beijing.

   On March 3, representative Wang Yongcheng showed his Braille notebook computer in his resident room in Beijing. The computer has no display screen, the upper part is an ordinary keyboard, and the lower part is a refreshable Braille display. Visually impaired people can get information by touching it with their hands.

   On March 3, representative Wang Yongcheng showed his suggestion of writing in Braille in his resident room in Beijing.

    It is because of his own special experience that Wang Yongcheng has a more real understanding and feeling of the practical needs of the blind group in his performance of his duties than others. After being elected as a deputy to the National People’s Congress, he often walked among the blind people, and continued to pay attention to the "urgent difficulties and worries" of the disabled people, seeking good strategies for better promoting the development of the disabled.

   At the opening meeting of the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress, Wang Yongcheng read the conference documents in Braille with his fingers (photo taken on March 5th).

    At the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress, the government work report and other conference documents were simultaneously published in Braille, which made the representative of Wang Yongcheng perform his duties more smoothly. In 2024, he prepared two suggestions on improving the construction of the old-age service system, paying attention to the special needs of the disabled for the elderly, and promoting the integrated development of the cause of the disabled on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, in order to do his part to better promote the development of the cause of the disabled.

   On March 5, in the resident room in Beijing, representative Wang Yongcheng touched and read the government work report in Braille with his finger.

    On March 8, Wang Yongcheng stood in front of the national media at the second centralized interview activity of the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress. His speech was forceful, so that people all over the country could hear him speak for the disabled.

   On March 8, at the second "Delegate Channel" of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress, the delegate Wang Yongcheng (front right) walked forward with the help of the staff, ready to answer the reporter’s questions.

   On March 8, at the second session of the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress, representative Wang Yongcheng answered questions from reporters.

    "Although I can’t see the colorful spring, I can feel the warmth of spring." Wang Yongcheng said.

    "I will not only bring the voices of disabled brothers and sisters to the National People’s Congress, but also convey the concern and care of the party and the people to the vast number of disabled people, and encourage disabled brothers and sisters to live in the sun and embark on a road of self-improvement, high spirits and brilliance."

    Producer: Lai Xiangdong

    Planning: Zheng Wei, Wang Jianhua and Li Ga.

    Coordinator: Fei Maohua and Liu Jinhai

    Reporter: Wang Yuguo, Jiang Kehong, Cai Yang, Shi Jingnan

    Editor: Wang Haiyan, Liu Jinhai, Hao Jianwei, Cheng Tingting, Lv Shuai

I. Meaning of price level?

The price level of a society is determined by the average price of the whole society, not the price of a certain item or a certain category of goods. It is a very important indicator to measure the market consumption capacity and analyze its economic situation. At the same time, it also represents the middle value of the common labor income of material producers in the whole society, so the price level is not determined by individuals or individual groups, but by the labor productivity of the whole society. ????

Two, the price level measurement index and legal accounting institutions

The most commonly used Consumer Price Index (CPI) in the international community, also known as consumer price index (CPI), is used as an indicator to measure the price level. The National Bureau of Statistics mainly investigates the consumer prices of residents, which are divided into eight categories: food, alcohol, tobacco, clothing, housing, daily necessities and services, transportation and communication, education, culture and entertainment, medical care, and prices of other goods and services. The National Bureau of Statistics announces the CPI increase level last month every month, which is the change of price level. The consumer price index (CPI) of our city is legally counted by the Qinzhou investigation team of the National Bureau of Statistics. ????

Third, the significance of price level accounting?

Measuring the price level of a region mainly depends on the change of CPI. CPI is an important economic indicator reflecting the changes in the price level of consumer goods and services related to residents’ lives, and it is also an important indicator of macroeconomic analysis and decision-making and national economic accounting. Generally speaking, the level of CPI directly affects the introduction and strength of the country’s macroeconomic regulation and control measures, and is the direction standard of market price regulation. ????

Four, the basic situation of the current price level in our city and the comparison with other places.?

（一）、我市物价水平基本情况。据国家统计局钦州调查队调查统计，?1—5月份，各月CPI同比涨幅分别为0.7%、1.8%、1.4%、2.1%、2.0%?；1-5月（CPI）同比累计上涨1.6%。统计数据显示，我市物价水平处于温和上涨区间，比年初市政府制定的3%以内控制目标低1.4个百分点，居民消费价格指数涨幅处在可控范围之内。????

（二）、我市物价水平与各地对比。我市1-5月（CPI）同比累计上涨1.6%。①与全国平均水平及北上广三个城市平均水平相比。比全国平均水平2.1 %低0.5个百分点；比北京市平均水平1.3%高0.3个百分点，比上海市平均水平3.1%低1.5个百分点，比广州市平均水平2.8%低1.2个百分点；②与广西壮族自治区平均水平及毗邻地区相比。比广西壮族自治区平均水平2.2 %低0.6个百分点，比毗邻地区的南宁市1.9%低0.3个百分点，比北海市的1.7%低0.1个百分点，比防城港市的1.0%高0.6个百分点，在广西壮族自治区14个设区市中，我市CPI同比涨幅排名第九位居中下水平。由此可见，我市的物价处于中等水平。????

5. Why do residents in our city feel that prices are higher at present????

1. The price of food has increased significantly, which is deeply felt by residents. ????

From the eight categories of prices that constitute the consumer price index (CPI), from January to May, the eight categories of prices showed a trend of "five rises and three falls", and the prices of food, tobacco, alcohol, clothing, daily necessities and services, education, culture, entertainment and medical care increased by 5.5%, 2.4%, 1.3%, 2.5% and 0.7% respectively. Obviously, food prices are leading the way. The daily necessities that residents contact most are food, especially during the strong cold weather attack and the Spring Festival at the beginning of this year, the prices of pork and vegetables climbed to a record high, and the prices in residents’ "food baskets" felt heavy, which also affected consumers’ psychology. ????

At present, the price of food, which mainly drives the increase of CPI, is affected by the government’s macro-control, and the increase of pork price will gradually narrow and is expected to stabilize; After the Spring Festival, with the warmer weather, the climate is relatively stable, seasonal fresh vegetables are on the market, the market supply is gradually increasing, and the price of vegetables has dropped significantly compared with the previous period. Since mid-March, the vegetable market price has started to show a downward trend. At present, the local leafy vegetables prices are between 2-3 yuan/500g, and the price has dropped by 10% compared with the previous period.

2. The public has a vague concept of price level. People have a misunderstanding. When they see the price of a certain commodity is high, they say that the price level is high, and they don’t understand or understand the meaning of the price level enough. For example, the price of pig’s foot powder, which belongs to the market-adjusted price, was 7-8 yuan per bowl in the previous two years. Now, due to the rising labor costs and raw material prices, the price of pig’s foot powder has increased to 9 yuan, and some consumers only see the price increase of pig’s foot powder, which is a fuzzy measure of the high market price level. For example, in the past two years, the prices of household appliances, mobile phones, daily industrial products, industrial means of production and real estate in the market have all fallen to varying degrees, which has played a pulling role in the price level and some consumers have ignored it. This is a manifestation of the vague understanding of the concept of price level. ????

6. Why do you feel that the prices in small cities are higher than those in big cities???

1. From the consumption level. Everyone’s income level is different, and their tolerance for prices is also different. High-income groups such as big enterprises, big groups, big finance, big consortia, central enterprises and state-owned enterprises are concentrated in big cities, while the industrial capacity of small cities is not strong, and high-income groups are mainly civil servants and state-owned enterprises and institutions, which also causes residents to feel different about price changes. For example, the price of a bowl of beef powder was originally sold in 8 yuan, but later it was sold to 10 yuan because of the rising labor costs and raw material prices. The consumer groups in big cities are not very strong, but they feel differently in small cities. ??

2. From the point of view of competition. Big cities have a large population, a large flow of people and a large consumption of goods. Full market competition will improve efficiency and lower prices. For example, if you sell beef powder, you can sell 500 Jin a day in a big city, but you may only sell 50 Jin in a small city. Selling 500 Jin to earn one yuan will be very impressive. Because of market competition, it will not be a big loss to make another Jin to earn 0.9 yuan. If a small city sells 50 kilograms, it is estimated that it can still make a living if it earns one yuan per kilogram. If it makes a profit again, it is estimated that it is difficult to make a living in 0.9 yuan. In addition, small cities generally have so-called "general agents" and other agents, and the formed commodity prices may not necessarily reflect the fully competitive market prices. ????

3. From the perspective of supply. In big cities, industries, manufacturing, commodities and services are relatively developed, and the supply is relatively sufficient, while in small cities, there is a structural shortage. For example, basic consumer goods, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar may not be much more expensive in small cities than in big cities. Because the local property or production area is close and the labor cost is low, it may be cheaper. In big cities, there are many brands and wide choices, and the competition between manufacturers and merchants is fierce, which may lead to the price of some necessities being lower than that in small cities.

4. From the perspective of logistics cost. The demand for goods in big cities is large, the logistics cost is relatively low, and the price will naturally be low. The logistics cost from big cities to small cities will be attached to the selling price of goods, and the price in small cities will naturally be higher. ??

The above reasons will lead to lower prices in big cities than in small cities, and the feeling that prices in small cities are higher than in big cities will arise. ????

Seven, the price department to regulate and supervise the market price measures.

With the development of market economy, the scope of government pricing has gradually decreased. Except for a few commodities, more than 95% of commodity prices are mainly formed by market mechanism. So does the price department need not care about the market price? That’s not true. The following are the main measures taken by the price authorities to regulate and supervise the price level:

1. Implement the duties entrusted to us by the Price Law. According to the fourth chapter of "Price Law", "Regulation of General Price Level" clearly stipulates. ????

Article 26 Stabilizing the overall market price level is an important macroeconomic policy goal of the state. According to the needs of national economic development and social affordability, the state determines the goal of regulating the overall market price level, which is included in the national economic and social development plan, and comprehensively applies policies and measures in the fields of currency, finance, investment, import and export to achieve it. ????

Article 27 The government may establish an important commodity reserve system, set up a price adjustment fund, regulate prices and stabilize the market. ????

Twenty-eighth in order to meet the needs of price regulation and management, the government price department should establish a price monitoring system to monitor the changes in the prices of important commodities and services. ????

Article 29 When the market purchase price of grain and other important agricultural products is too low, the government can implement protective prices in the purchase and take corresponding economic measures to ensure their realization. ????

Article 30 When the prices of important commodities and services have risen significantly or are likely to rise significantly, the people’s governments of the State Council and provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may take intervention measures such as limiting the price difference rate or profit rate, setting price limits, implementing a price increase declaration system and a price adjustment filing system.

The people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall report to the State Council for the record if they take the intervention measures specified in the preceding paragraph. ????

Article 31 When the general market price level is in an abnormal state such as violent fluctuation, the State Council may take emergency measures such as temporarily centralizing pricing authority or partially or completely freezing prices nationwide or in some regions. ????

Article 32 After the circumstances of implementing intervention measures and emergency measures in accordance with the provisions of Articles 30 and 31 of this Law are eliminated, the intervention measures and emergency measures shall be lifted in time. ????

2 actively implement the regulatory objectives set by the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress. On February 27th, 2016, the third meeting of the Presidium of the Seventh Session of the Fourth People’s Congress of Qinzhou adopted the Report of the Financial and Economic Committee of the Fourth People’s Congress of Qinzhou on the Review Results of the Implementation of the National Economic and Social Development Plan in 2015 and the Draft National Economic and Social Development Plan in 2016, which made it clear that the increase of the overall consumer price level in Qinzhou in 2016 should be controlled within 3%. That is to say, if the price level in our city is higher than 3%, intervention measures shall be taken in accordance with the provisions of the Price Law. ????

3. Start the emergency plan for the sale of affordable goods. According to Article 13 of the Measures for the Administration of Fair-price Stores of Agricultural and Sideline Products in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: In any of the following circumstances, the competent price department shall negotiate with the operators and put forward a plan for the sale of fair-price goods in conjunction with the financial department, which will be implemented after being approved by the people’s government at the same level: (1) The monthly year-on-year increase in the overall consumer price level reaches or exceeds the government’s annual price control target; (two) in each district and city as a unit, based on the monthly increase of CPI, when the year-on-year increase of CPI in each district and city reaches or exceeds 3% for three consecutive months; (3) The month-on-month increase in food prices exceeded 15%; (4) Pork prices rose by more than 10% month-on-month or accumulated by more than 15% for two consecutive months; (five) the price of vegetables increased by more than 20% year-on-year; (six) according to the market situation to determine other circumstances that may cause abnormal price fluctuations.

4. Strengthen market price supervision, and seriously investigate and deal with price violations such as price gouging, price collusion and hoarding. If there is a phenomenon of "high-priced shrimp and high-priced fish", it will not be tolerated and severely investigated. ????