On October 10th, after the trial, Zhao Yang (right) and attorney Zhang Xiaoli took a group photo in front of Luolong District People’s Court.

　　"What do you think of my character?" "Do you think I am mentally ill?" "am I abnormal?"

　　These questions, Zhao Yang (pseudonym) asked his two roommates, Yuan Caihong, the dean of his college, and also asked the reporter of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online.

　　Before July 20th, 2015, Zhao Yang, an English education major in the School of Foreign Languages of Luoyang Normal University, never thought that one day he would ask these questions. On July 20th, Chen Guan ‘an, deputy secretary in charge of student affairs, informed Zhao Yang’s mother, Li Yan (a pseudonym), that Zhao Yang had abnormal behavior at school and belonged to a mental disorder patient. The medical staff of Luoyang Mental Health Center forced Zhao Yang to seek medical treatment without Zhao Yang’s willingness. It was not until November 30, 2015 that Zhao Yang was discharged from the hospital.

　　After leaving the hospital, Zhao Yang sued Luoyang Normal University and Luoyang Mental Health Center, demanding compensation for medical expenses, follow-up medical expenses, transportation expenses, mental damages and other losses totaling 170,000 yuan, and publicly apologized.

　　The case went through the judgment of the first instance, and the second instance was sent back for retrial.

　　On October 10, 2018, the People’s Court of Luolong District, Luoyang City retried the case.

　　Admission: Zhao Yang himself is unwilling to be admitted to the hospital.

　　According to the school of Luoyang Normal University, Zhao Yang is not a student who obeys management. According to the defense of the second trial, Luoyang Normal University believes that Zhao Yang repeatedly violated school discipline, clashed with teachers and classmates, did not communicate with others, and did not abide by dormitory management regulations. He repeatedly proposed to suspend school and resume school.

　　Zhao Yang explained that he applied to change the dormitory because the newly-built dormitory in the school had an odor after renovation; Before he was admitted to the hospital for "mental illness", he only applied for suspension and resumption of school once, because he was older and all the other female students in his class were 18 years old, and he felt a little lonely.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter noticed that on October 29, 2014, shortly after entering school, Zhao Yang applied for suspension from school on the grounds that he did not adapt to school life and wanted to get employment in advance. On January 8, 2015, he hoped that the school would approve the resumption of school and claimed to be eager to study on the grounds of giving up the idea of early employment by the department and parents.

　　In 2014, 27-year-old Zhao Yang took the college entrance examination as a social student. Previously, he had been working outside for many years.

　　Introverted and few friends, Xu Tian (a pseudonym), a classmate of Zhao Yang, commented on Zhao Yang. In his impression, Zhao Yang told his college teacher Chen Guanan that he was dissatisfied with him at school.

　　The turning point was the summer vacation in 2015, that is, during the summer vacation after Zhao Yang’s freshman year, the college teacher Chen Guanan called Zhao Yang’s mother Li Yan, hoping that Li Yan would take Zhao Yang home after staying in school for the summer.

　　In several telephone conversations, Chen Guanan told Li Yan about Zhao Yang’s performance at school, suspecting that Zhao Yang was ill, and hoped that Li Yan could take Zhao Yang for a psychiatric examination, or take Zhao Yang off campus and rent a house with her parents.

　　For the sake of her children’s studies, Li Yan came to Luoyang Mental Health Center and told the doctor Xu Mincong that her son was suspected to be ill by the teacher, hoping to have a check-up. Then the hospital sent a car from Xu Mincong and other medical staff to the school with Li Yan.

　　After arriving at the school gate, Chen Guanan communicated with the doorman, allowing Li Yan and his party to enter the campus and contact Zhao Yang in the dormitory in Zhao Yang. Because Zhao Yang didn’t want to leave the dormitory, Chen Guan ‘an discussed with Xu Min and Li Yan and tied Zhao Yang away. Li Yan disagreed and went into the dormitory to pack things for Zhao Yang.

　　Li Yan recalled that when she was packing for her son, she found that Chen Guanan and Xu Mincong and other four people tied Zhao Yang’s hands behind his back, and Zhao Yang struggled desperately. She was so scared that she burst into tears and repeatedly asked the medical staff and teachers to let Zhao Yang go.

　　Chen Guan ‘an told Li Yan that Zhao Yang could continue to go to school only after a certificate from a mental hospital proved that Zhao was really not ill.

　　In order to get the certificate, Li Yan agreed that Chen Guan ‘an and Xu Min would take Zhao Yang to the hospital for mental disorder diagnosis, and she also went to Luoyang Mental Health Center with the hospital car. Chen Guan ‘an did not participate in the follow-up Zhao Yang’s medical treatment.

　　In the defense of the second instance, Luoyang Mental Health Center believes that it is not improper to assist Li Yan to send Zhao Yang to the hospital for treatment. According to the first paragraph of Article 28 of the Mental Health Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), close relatives of patients with suspected mental disorders can send them to medical institutions for mental disorder diagnosis.

　　Zhao Yang recalled that when he arrived at the hospital, Xu Mincong and others didn’t send Zhao Yang to the outpatient clinic or check-up, but drove the car directly to the inpatient department. As soon as he got off the bus, he sent Zhao to the iron fence and forced Zhao Yang to seek medical treatment. Although Li Yan didn’t want Zhao Yang to be hospitalized directly, she hoped to have a check-up and a certificate report after admission, and finally agreed to Zhao Yang’s admission.

　　In hindsight, Zhao Yang felt that his mother was a "muddled egg" and trusted the teachers and doctors.

　　On the hospitalization certificate, Zhao Yang’s admission status is "urgent", admission status is "escort" and he is diagnosed as "schizophrenia". In addition to "escort", the other two options are "self-help" and "rescue state transportation". Zhao Yang’s attorney Chang Boyang explained that "escort" means that Zhao Yang’s admission status is mandatory.

　　However, in the judgment of the first instance, the statement of Luoyang Mental Health Center was different from that of Zhao Yang’s mother and son: after the medical staff arrived at the scene (dormitory), Zhao Yang was initially diagnosed as schizophrenia in combination with on-site judgment, emotional judgment, insight judgment and past medical history.

　　Xu Min explained Zhao Yang’s disease diagnosis, condition, degree of harm and treatment suggestions to Li Yan from the deputy chief physician. Li Yan repeatedly persuaded Zhao Yang to accept hospitalization, but after more than an hour of persuasion, it was ineffective. Finally, Li Yan begged the medical staff to help escort Zhao Yang to the hospital for hospitalization.

　　The only intersection between the two sides’ descriptions is that Zhao Yang was hospitalized involuntarily.

　　The Mental Health Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that hospitalization for mental disorders is voluntary.

　　Among them, when the patient has harmed himself or is in danger of harming himself, the medical institution shall, with the consent of his guardian, treat the patient in hospital; However, if the patient or his guardian disagrees with the diagnosis conclusion that the patient needs hospitalization and disagrees with the hospitalization, he may ask for a second diagnosis and appraisal.

　　Lawyer Chang Boyang believes that Zhao Yang has never done or is in danger of doing harm to himself, nor has it done anything that endangers the safety of others. Therefore, even if the guardian agrees, the mental health center should not forcibly treat Zhao Yang without Zhao Yang’s will.

　　The admission record of that day showed that Zhao Yang was conscious and his cognition, intelligence and memory were normal. Lawyer Chang Boyang analyzed that Zhao Yang has the ability of his own judgment, and he can decide whether he should be hospitalized or not. Moreover, regardless of whether Zhao Yang is sick or not, the school should not deprive him of his right to education and require a hospital certificate to continue his education.

　　In the hospital: injured by a nurse.

　　During his 134 days in Luoyang Mental Health Center, Zhao Yang experienced four electric shocks, tied or injected tranquilizers many times, and took three tablets every day, with about 10 tablets each time, mostly quetiapine fumarate and clozapine for the treatment of schizophrenia and sertraline hydrochloride for the treatment of depression.

　　On the day of admission, Li Yan had signed an informed consent form of non-convulsive electric shock.

　　Zhao Yang told the reporter of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online that after each electric shock, he was in poor physical condition, especially forgetful, and sometimes he couldn’t remember anything.

　　However, he always insisted that he had never been examined and was sent directly to the inpatient department of the hospital for treatment. The hospital deliberately fabricated his illness.

　　It is worth mentioning that Zhao Yang’s EEG topographic examination two days after admission showed that there was no abnormality in EEG and brain topographic map. However, in another examination on August 19th, the conclusion was that the borderline EEG and brain topographic map were abnormal. That is to say, after admission, Zhao Yang’s condition became more serious in the performance of EEG topographic examination.

　　One year after leaving the hospital, Zhao Yang went to the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology for the same examination, and the conclusion was borderline EEG, not psychosis.

　　In the defense, Luoyang Mental Health Center explained that as a routine examination, EEG topographic examination is mostly used to judge whether there are nervous system diseases such as epilepsy and space occupation, and can not be used to judge whether there is schizophrenia. The EEG results made by Zhao Yang after discharge from hospital cannot prove that Zhao Yang was not mentally ill or did not need hospitalization on July 20th, 2015.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter consulted experts in schizophrenia treatment and learned that the diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia are more "subjective" and more based on doctors’ professional judgment.

　　According to Zhao Yang’s admission record, Zhao Yang’s thinking was rambling, his logic was upside down, his concept was confused, delusion of reference was obviously killed, his auditory hallucinations could lead to him, his behavior was weird, he kept covering his nose and mouth with his hands, his attention was not concentrated, and his self-knowledge was lacking. He was initially diagnosed as schizophrenia.

　　Different from the routine discharge from hospital, Zhao Yang was discharged from hospital because he was beaten and injured by a nurse.

　　On the evening of October 14th, 2015, Zhao Yang had a verbal and physical conflict with Guan Jingdong, a nurse in the mental health center, which caused Zhao Yang to be injured. Zhao Yang recalled that because he advised his patients not to change beds, and the other room was more dangerous, the nurse beat him for no reason, resulting in minor facial injuries.

　　On November 30, 2015, Guan Jingdong, Zhao Yang and Li Yan reached an agreement to pay a lump sum of 7,000 yuan to Zhao Yang’s mother and son. Thereafter, neither party may claim any rights from the public administration department, the competent department and the unit employed by Guan Jingdong.

　　According to the agreement, because Zhao Yang interfered with the normal work of Guan Jingdong, a nurse on duty during his hospitalization, they had verbal and physical conflicts, which led to disputes between doctors and patients. After the incident, Guan Jingdong realized his recklessness, took the initiative to sincerely apologize to Zhao Yang and her mother and made an understanding.

　　On the same day that the agreement was signed, Zhao Yang was released from the hospital and set free. According to the Medical Records, the patient’s clinical mental symptoms have been relieved, and further treatment is still needed. The patient insisted on leaving the hospital, and after coordination with the patient’s family, he was discharged today. The discharge diagnosis was schizophrenia.

　　Leaving the hospital: "10 billion can’t be compensated"

　　After leaving the hospital, Zhao Yang reported to the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Henan universities and other departments that he was forced to be treated and suspended from school because of illness.

　　After that, the relevant personnel from the Foreign Languages Institute of Luoyang Normal University went to Zhao Yang’s home, hoping to help him solve practical difficulties. Zhao Yang didn’t appreciate it: "A billion dollars can’t compensate, I’d rather have my original appearance."

　　During the interview, Zhao Yang’s response was slow. Sometimes, like pressing the pause button, he needed to wait for a while to answer questions. He asked for two or three breaks in the middle. "I haven’t slept well for more than three years." Zhao Yang said that his health was not as good as before after he was discharged from the hospital, his memory declined, and he often suffered from insomnia.

　　In the recording provided by Zhao Yang, the school leaders have repeatedly admitted that Chen Guan ‘an’s practice is inappropriate and bears unshirkable responsibility. They should not let the hospital tie the students away without reporting to the leaders. The school will criticize and educate Chen Guan ‘an, and hope that Zhao Yang can continue his studies, and apologize for Zhao Yang’s absence from the school during his hospitalization.

　　In the transcript of the second trial, Luoyang Normal University responded that Zhao Yang had broken into the leadership office in the school many times. When the main leaders received Zhao Yang, it was entirely out of the teacher’s encouragement to the students, and the recording was secretly recorded without the teacher’s knowledge, which could not prove that the school was at fault in Zhao Yang’s prosecution case.

　　When the reporter of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online asked Yuan Caihong, the president of the Foreign Languages Institute, whether the voice in the recording was her own, she said that she could not remember clearly and didn’t know. She also said that the Foreign Languages Institute had no right to respond.

　　During the trial, the school lawyer believed that the school teacher only performed the management duties of the university in a responsible attitude towards Zhao Yang, but Zhao Yang showed no respect for his alma mater and teachers.

　　On November 23, 2017, the Luolong District People’s Court ruled in the first instance that Luoyang Normal University, in the process of student management, timely contacted the parents of students with problems and reflected the situation, which was the embodiment of the school’s responsibility for student management, and Luoyang Normal University did not participate in the plaintiff’s medical treatment, medical treatment and treatment, and there was no infringement.

　　The original trial held that there was no evidence to prove that Zhao had self-injury or wounding in this case, which did not belong to the situation of compulsory treatment, and Zhao Yang’s outpatient examination report concluded that he was not mentally ill. Therefore, Luoyang Mental Health Center took coercive measures against Zhao Yang, which constituted infringement.

　　After the judgment of the first instance, both Zhao Yang and Luoyang Mental Health Center appealed.

　　Luoyang Mental Health Center stated in the defense of the second trial that the doctor who diagnosed and treated Zhao Yang was a psychiatrist (deputy chief physician), and Luoyang Mental Health Center had the right to diagnose and treat Zhao Yang’s mental disorder, and the diagnosis and treatment behavior was legal and correct.

　　In the second trial, Zhao Yang once stated that the focus of the dispute in this case is not whether Zhao Yang has mental illness, but whether the compulsory treatment of Zhao Yang by the health center conforms to the legal provisions and the legal conditions for compulsory treatment. Whether the patient is willing to treat is the patient’s right, and others have no right to impose interference.

　　On May 14th, 2018, Luoyang Intermediate People’s Court ruled that the facts were unclear in the first-instance judgment, and whether Luoyang Mental Health Center and Luoyang Normal College infringed on Zhao Yang should be based on whether Luoyang Mental Health Center and its medical staff were at fault in the diagnosis and treatment activities.

　　Moreover, in this case, whether the Luoyang Mental Health Center and its medical staff are at fault in the diagnosis and treatment activities is a professional issue, which should be identified with reference to judicial expertise. Therefore, the original first-instance judgment was revoked and sent back for retrial.

　　In this regard, Zhang Xiaoli, another attorney of Zhao Yang, said that according to Article 58 of the Tort Liability Law, the hospital violated the provisions of Article 30 of the Mental Health Law, and forced treatment without Zhao Yang’s will, which can directly infer that the hospital is at fault and does not require judicial expertise.

　　It has been almost three years since I left the mental hospital on November 30, 2015. For three years, Zhao Yang has been arguing, but he is also worried that the media exposure will affect his life and that of his mother. I have been living at the bottom, and I know that the bottom has a misunderstanding of mental illness, and they can talk about us all their lives at will.

　　On October 10th, the Luolong District People’s Court held a public hearing to hear the case. Due to time, the court cross-examination procedure has not been completed, and the time for the next court session has not been determined.

　　On October 16, the hospital publicly responded that "the case is currently being tried according to law, and our hospital will make a fair judgment according to law."

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online Trainee Reporter Wei Yiwen and photo source: China Youth Daily

The just-concluded Winter Olympics reminds people of the dolls, Ice Dun Dun and Snow Rongrong. Their designs contain the Olympic spirit and China cultural symbols. The generation and development of a symbol has a strong and complex cultural support behind it, and once the culture has formed a symbol after a long period of accumulation, its meaning will be long-term and stable. Only by reading symbols can we understand the culture carried by symbols. In the book "China in Symbols", more than 100 symbols that can best represent China are identified.

A pair of mascots in the Winter Olympics-the ice pier and the snow rongrong-have won everyone’s love. The design of the ice pier contains the determination, courage, futurity and sense of the times of the Olympic spirit; Snow Rongrong seeks for the interior of China traditional culture, illuminates the road ahead with the metaphor of "lantern", and responds to the theme of "community of human destiny" with warmth and warmth. Ruyi Ring, Great Wall pattern, Beijing pigeon pattern and Ruyi pattern all over the snow Rongrong are typical China traditional decorative patterns, and each pattern has a profound cultural significance.

To some extent, ice piers and snow melts are symbols deliberately created to represent a cultural phenomenon and convey a certain meaning. We collect and love them, not only because they are a pair of lovely dolls, but also because of the Olympic spirit precipitated from them and the inspiring spiritual memory about the Winter Olympics. Therefore, we pay attention to some cultural symbols, but in fact we pay attention to the cultural significance it represents.

On January 18, 2022, in Beijing, the mascots of the Winter Olympics, Bing Dundun and Xue Rongrong, were on the subway line 11, and the train was decorated to welcome the Winter Olympics. Chang Zhitao/vision china Map

China is a big country with "cultural symbols". In thousands of years’ history, we are very good at symbolizing and conveying spiritual meanings that are difficult to express or are easy to escape because of mystery, such as class and power, seeking happiness, spiritual belief, and avoiding evil and disasters. China in Symbols, published by Zhonghua, selected more than 100 symbols that best represent China, such as Dragon, Phoenix, HarmonyOS, Zhu Rong, Taiji, Bagua, Hutuluo, and Sanxingdui’s "Sun-Bird of God-Man of God-Tree of God", which were divided into four series: auspicious, guardian, sacred and humanistic, and examined the generation and evolution of these symbols.

Animals as symbols

The generation and development of a symbol must have strong and complex cultural support behind it, and once the culture has formed a symbol after a long period of accumulation, its meaning will be long-term and stable. Only by reading symbols can we understand the culture carried by symbols.

As mentioned above, the theme of the mascot chosen for several international competitions held in China is panda, and panda is increasingly becoming the most representative animal of China. The panda was not so conspicuous among the animal symbols in ancient China. When choosing symbols, China prefers to choose the "god beast" handed down from ancient times. For example, the dragon and phoenix, which Wen Yiduo said were "symbols of the origin of a nation and the beginning of a culture", the nine sons of the dragon derived from the dragon system, as well as the brave and unicorn, which have experienced some combination and creation like the dragon.

Chen Rong’s Painting of Kowloon in Southern Song Dynasty

It seems that only those animals full of mystery and re-creation can be used as a symbol of auspiciousness, such as Kirin, which, as a symbol of auspiciousness, is said to appear only in times of peace and prosperity or when saints are born. The real animals are often attached to these beasts. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, a foreign messenger presented a beast, which was thought to be a unicorn, which caused a sensation throughout the country, but was actually a giraffe. The picture of Ruiying Kirin was painted by people who mistook giraffes for unicorns at that time.

Ruiying Qilin Map

Another example is the lion, an animal introduced to China from the Western Regions. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Biography of the Western Regions, records that the country of interest "sent envoys to offer lions", which caused a sensation in the capital. Since then, more and more countries have offered lions to China. Until the Yuan Dynasty, it was recorded that lions entered China as a tribute. After the lion entered China, it gradually merged into the myths and legends of China and became a sacred thing. However, as auspicious symbols, such as the stone lion with strong symbolic significance, it will integrate the characteristics of animals such as dragon, tiger, unicorn and gluttony, and distinguish it from ordinary lions according to the characteristics of China’s "God beast" culture.

In the "All Nations Come to Korea", it is possible to re-create a "Rui beast" based on some animals.

In the "All Nations Come to Korea", it is possible to re-create a "Rui beast" based on some animals.

Even native and common animals, in order to highlight their mystery and preciousness, will increase or decrease organs, or replace some parts to stand out from the crowd. For example, the "Four Spirits", such as the three-legged golden toad, had a high position in the Han Dynasty. In the whole process of "Ascending Immortal" in the tombs of the Han Dynasty, the Queen Mother of the West often set up a tripod in front of her, and the jade rabbit pounded the medicine and the toad took charge of the medicine, symbolizing the making and mastering of the immortal medicine.

"Errors" and "Dislocation" in the Evolution of Symbols

As a symbol, the shape and meaning of an animal will change constantly. Take the golden toad as an example. In the Han Dynasty, it was a symbol of longevity. In the Tang Dynasty, people called the golden toad the golden toad and thought it was a symbol of wealth. When these auspicious symbols are given meaning, there is often no logic. Zhao Yuntao, the author of China in Symbols, believes that the formation or evolution of many symbols can be summarized in two words-"error" and "dislocation".

Zhao Yuntao said that one of the manifestations of "mistakes and errors" is gradually "accumulation of non-achievements". For example, "Zhang Guolao" in the Eight Immortals, there is a sentence of "Mr. Zhang Guolao" in the handed down literature. In ancient times, there was no punctuation, and there was no definite sentence. Later, "Zhang Guo, the old gentleman" became "Mr. Zhang Guolao"; In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people attached it to the character of the Eastern Han Dynasty: Liu Haichan. Because of the word "toad" in its name, people made up the story of "Liu Haichan playing with golden toad", and the name of Liu Haichan became "Liu Hai". Zhong Kui, according to an ancient book, the dialect of Qi often called the big wooden stick, namely "chuí", as "Zhong Kui". This big wooden stick can be used to drive away ghosts. Later, it was a myth that led to an exorcist named "Zhong Kui".

However, some "mistakes" are consciously generated by people. For example, taking animals and plants as auspicious elements, the formation of auspicious meanings mostly relies on associative thinking and deliberately forms the "mistakes" effect. "Deer" is homophonic "Lu", so people draw a deer, which means that they can get Fu Lu, because bats are homophonic "Fu"; There is also a typical "Four donkey kong" which has been adjusted because of the homonym "good weather" of the treasure in hand.

Ming anonymous Liu Hai Jin Chan Tu

Qing Yongzheng pastel gourd bowl

Zhao Yuntao believes that the "dislocation" in the formation and evolution of symbols is a more advanced "error". "Dislocation" means that some symbols have gradually changed in the process of sanctification, secularization and localization.

In China’s belief system, a considerable number of Buddhist immortals will undergo a "localized" transformation in China. Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva in ancient India was male and spread to China. Before the Tang Dynasty, it was mostly male with a moustache. With the improvement of women’s status after Wu Zetian came to power, Guanyin Bodhisattva also became a female image. After Yuan Dynasty, Guanyin became the mainstream. The early Maitreya Buddha was not a big belly. It is said that the shape of the big belly was based on a cloth-bag monk named Qiben in the Five Dynasties. People liked this image and gradually settled down, resulting in the big-bellied Maitreya Buddha.

Liang Kai’s Picture of a Bag Monk in the Southern Song Dynasty

With China’s vast territory and frequent dynasty changes, the choice of immortals is also very arbitrary. For example, Yan Luowang, who is familiar with the underworld, was originally the God of Mount Tai before him. According to the Natural History, the God of Mount Tai is called "Tiansun" and is the grandson of the Emperor of Heaven. He is responsible for calling people’s souls and knowing the length of their lives. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, a new destination and manager was born in the ghost world, namely feng du and Fengdu Emperor created by Taoism. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that the Buddhist belief in Yan Luowang began to prevail.

Yan Luowang came with the spread of Indian Buddhism to the east. It can be seen that the belief symbol that we originally thought was very characteristic of China was the result of cultural integration. For example, the "hell" in folk imagination is the widely accepted and loved "the Monkey King" which combines China’s "yellow earth" with Buddhism. According to Hu Shi’s textual research, its prototype is the Indian monkey Ha Numan in the Indian epic Ramayana.

In addition to the dislocation caused by thinking and aesthetic mode and cultural integration, people’s behavior will also lead to the occurrence of "dislocation" in the symbol system. For example, sweeping graves is a custom of the Cold Food Festival in the Tang Dynasty, but the Cold Food Festival is forbidden by fire, and it is popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties to burn paper money for sweeping graves. So in order to avoid conflicts, the custom of sweeping graves has gradually become a symbol of Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Interpretation of the symbol of "daily use without knowing" in The Journey to the West

In the writing of China in Symbols, the author starts with China’s classical novels, and talks about the application of symbols in the novels, so as to arouse readers’ interest in those symbols that are "unknown for daily use".

The most prominent text is The Journey to the West. The Journey to the West’s seemingly illogical stories of ghosts and gods actually have a very solid foundation of folk beliefs. For example, at the end of The Journey to the West, why are all the scriptures that Tang Priest got back for the first time blank, and the scriptures that he finally got are shelved? Zhao Yuntao thinks: "The Tang Priest in The Journey to the West went to the Western Heaven Lingshan, and it was Jia Ye and Ah Nuo (prototype is Ananda) who led the Tang Priest to fetch books. The scripture that Tang Priest took for the first time was blank, which actually showed the purpose of Zen’s "no writing" and inheritance. " And "the story of Tang Priest’s learning from the scriptures is familiar to everyone. In history, Tang Xuanzang went to India to learn from the scriptures, mainly taking the classics of the only Sect. But the classics he brought back were quickly shelved and later lost. One of the most important reasons is that it is difficult for the general public to accept or approach the only-knowing Sect, because many terms in the classic of the only-knowing Sect are incomprehensible to most people, and the practice is hierarchical, and the steps are very complicated, and it is more inclined to professionals. "

The Journey to the West stills

Many monsters who make waves in The Journey to the West are mounts of immortals in the sky. The only demon that appears twice in The Journey to the West is the lion spirit of Manjusri Bodhisattva, once in Wuji State and once in Shituoling. In The Journey to the West, there is a monster that even the Monkey King is afraid of him, that is, the Nine Spirits Yuan Sheng, also called nine lions, which is the mount of Taiyi to save the suffering Buddha. The Holy Spirit of Nine Spirits and Yuan is very powerful, and he can capture the Monkey King and Friar Sand alive with his head, making the Monkey King flee at the sound of it. There is also the mount of the birthday girl, the White Deer, which is a demon in the lower bound and becomes the father-in-law of the King of the Kingdom of Bhikkhu.

In the Year of the Tiger, a monster spoofed by netizens-the leopard essence of wormwood flower skin, which occupies Yinwu Mountain as the king, is known as the "King of Nanshan". It is a simple monster with no heavenly background among the monsters who come down to earth to make trouble.

Leopard essence in The Journey to the West

In The Journey to the West, their scenes are also arranged according to the level of immortals and the functions of their divisions. For example, because of their low rank, the little deity-Land God, whose belief originated from the worship of "social gods" in ancient times, had a very high status before the Qin and Han Dynasties, but since the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the status of land gods has become more and more humble. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people often thought that the Land Lord was the patron saint of the countryside or suburbs and the most basic fairy, and because of its closest connection with people’s lives, the Land Temple was also the most common.

In The Journey to the West, there are many land lords, for example, as the patron saint of special areas, such as the land of Flat Peach Garden and the land of Flame Mountain. In Che Chi Guo, the Monkey King and Tiger force big fairy beheaded each other. When the Monkey King’s head fell to the ground, Tiger force big fairy secretly called out the land and said to him, "Hold the head, and when I win the monk, I will play the king and build the small ancestral temple into a big temple with you, and the clay sculpture will be changed into a golden body." As a result, the land really listened to his words, which also shows the humble status of the land public.

The Monkey King and Land Mountain Gods in The Journey to the West

Every time the Monkey King moves reinforcements, he will meet the gods in the sky, such as the four heavenly kings. When the Monkey King moves reinforcements to heaven, he always goes to the gates of the worse gate and east door first, and he will meet the king who is the gatekeeper of today’s "turn to patrol". The author of China in Symbols believes that the one with the best relationship with the Monkey King is the growth king. "This may contain the traditional concept of" no discord, no concord "in China. When the Monkey King went to heaven for the first time, he met the king of growth and had a dispute. ….. Then the relationship between the two people became better, and the Monkey King’s "sleepy" was won by playing games with the growth king. "

The immortal system in the sky is more complicated. The young ox essence of Taishang Laojun stole the "King Kong Zhuo" and descended to the earth to take the mountain as the king, and seized the Tang Priest. He also used the "King Kong Zhuo" to take away the Monkey King’s golden cudgel. When the Monkey King complained to heaven and asked to find out which "evil star" was thinking of the lower bound, he briefly introduced the immortal system represented by the stars in the sky: first, he checked the officials of the God King on the Four Tianmen Gate; I checked the truth of the large, small and medium-sized groups in the three micro-walls; Also checked the thunder generals Tao, Zhang, Xin, Deng, Gou, Bi, Pang and Liu; Finally, I checked for thirty-three days, and I was comfortable every day; Also check twenty-eight nights, seven nights in the east, horns, horns, temples, houses, ginseng, tails and dustpans; Seven nights in the west, fighting, cattle, women, emptiness, danger, room and wall; Seven nights in the south, seven nights in the north, and peaceful nights; Also checked the sun, lunar, water, fire, wood, gold, earth seven politics; Luo, Ji Du and Bo Yu. There are stars all over the sky, and there is no lower bound of thinking.

China in Symbols by Zhao Yuntao Zhonghua Book Company

China in Symbols provides a new way to read the totem of China’s beasts and auspicious symbols. He introduces the terms of symbols and rhetoric from German philosophers Ernst Cassirer, roland barthes and other western philosophers, and uses the word "symbol" to unify more beliefs and totems scattered in China in various regions and times and write a book. While researching the origin of each symbol, we also start with The Journey to the West’s novels, such as Romance of the Gods and Dream of Red Mansions, to add interest to the narrative with "mutual proof of literature and history".

Special feature of 1905 film network　Last week, the mainland box office closed at 708 million yuan, and in the first week of the new film, there were countless circles of powder, which attracted attention with the theme of "telecom fraud" which was very close to life and only won 10 million box office; The heat has not diminished, and it has once again topped the list, ranking fourth with a stable trend; Two films were on the list by showing surprises in advance.

From December 4 to December 10, there were 2.01 million screenings, and the number of people watching the movie was about 22.05 million.

Paddington Bear 2 broke through 100 million yuan in the first week, but it didn’t end the "dream-seeking" championship.

Stills of Paddington Bear 2 movie

Paddington Bear 2, a Xiong Haizi from Britain, officially landed in the mainland cinema last Friday, earning 22.49% of the box office on the first day of its release with 24.95% of the films. Since then, the film has maintained a single-day film release rate of more than 20%, and the box office trend has risen steadily, successfully breaking through the 100 million yuan mark in the first week. At present, the film’s Douban score is 8.4, which not only does not fall into the "sequel cycle" word-of-mouth transcendence (Douban score is 7.6), but also easily surpasses the previous film’s total box office in the mainland in 2015 (99.89 million yuan) to achieve a series of new highs.

The significance of popularizing the law of "Huge Call" is higher than the market value.

"Huge Call" movie stills

Directed by Peng Shun and starring Cheney Chen, Joseph Chang and Kwai Lun Mei, The Huge Call was officially released last Friday. The film was based on a real telecom fraud case filed by the Ministry of Public Security. As the first anti-telecom fraud film in China, the film attracted great attention as soon as it was released. On the first day of the film’s release, it ranked third in the box office list with 14.56% of the films, and many moviegoers admitted that this film was "the most suitable movie for the elders at home".

The Mystery of Beloved Van Gogh Starry Sky opens a new chapter in art films.

Film stills of The Mystery of Beloved Van Gogh Starry Sky

Neither biographical film nor animated film is the most mainstream film type in the mainland film market, but last week, a film combining the two types, The Mystery of Beloved Van Gogh Starry Sky, landed on the national big screen. This film is the world’s first animated feature film in oil painting style, which reveals the mystery of Van Gogh’s death in a "painting" way. On the first day of the film’s release, the release rate was only 16%, which rose to 24.15% after word-of-mouth fermentation. Among many blockbusters, the film’s first week box office closed at nearly 30 million yuan, and its performance was excellent in this type of film. Throughout this year’s mainland film market, many small-scale films have staged a counterattack battle, which not only represents the increasingly diversified development of the mainland film market, but also the active choice of films by mainland moviegoers.

"Journey to the Dream Ring" won the first place in the week, and the box office trend was stable and orderly.

Film stills of "Journey to the Dream Ring"

Pixar’s first mainland "explosion" "Journey to the Dream Ring" entered the third week of release, and the box office trend was still good. The total box office exceeded 800 million yuan, winning the box office championship for two weeks and winning the box office championship for 15 days in a row. Even the release of Paddington Bear 2, which wanted to compete with it, failed to pull it off the championship. At present, the single-day arrangement of "Journey to the Dream Ring" is still around 30%. This week will be a crucial week for the film to break through 1 billion yuan on the eve of the upcoming Lunar New Year file.

"Fanghua" and "Fanghua" are shown ahead of schedule, and the New Year’s Eve craze is started in advance.

Film stills of "Fanghua"

Last weekend, the two films "Fanghua" and "daoist magic" were screened in advance, and both of them earned more than 10 million box office, and they were ranked third and fourth in the box office list on Saturday (December 9), and both of them reached nearly 50% attendance rate with only 3% single-day filming. The popularity and expectation of the two films can be seen. On the one hand, Fanghua finally met the audience after "bumps"

Daoist magic movie stills.

This week, it officially entered the New Year’s Eve, and domestic blockbusters were shown in a concentrated way. The debut of two blockbusters, Fanghua and daoist magic, is bound to set off the first wave of climax of the year-end festival in the mainland film market. The imported film "Only Miao" strives to survive in the cracks, and whether the French humorous "Christmas Dinner" can stand out from the encirclement needs to be tested by the market. In addition, there are other films that intend to share a piece of the cake in the early stage of the New Year’s Eve. Let’s wait and see who can reach the peak!

1905 Film Data College

Writer: phoenix de tears

There are thousands of marketing methods, and Reuters is one of them. In variety shows, Reuters’s marketing forms are various, and it plays an important role in the preheating and broadcasting period of the show. The simple variety Reuters map is produced and exposed by multiple roles such as stars, fans, drama parties, brands and marketing numbers. When Reuters becomes a conventional marketing method, the consequences of excessive Reuters, acting as a substitute for literature and Reuters’s fraud will also have a more or less impact on the whole industry.

author　| Guo Xuemei (author group of cultural industry review, researcher of Sanchuan Huiwen Tourism Research Institute)

read and edit　| Time　

edit　| Peninsula

source　| Cultural Industry Review

After the launch of "Sister Lang" in the new season, the Internet ushered in the explosion of Cyndi Wang. In the hottest days, there were many hot searches about her in Weibo, and her entries even began to dominate the daily list. Among them, in addition to the program, Cyndi Wang, which is full of life in Reuters, also has a strong enthusiasm, and the sweet girl after work has caused discussion among netizens.

　

The so-called Reuters refers to some unofficial photos, videos, star schedules, etc. At present, it has become an ordinary and popular marketing method. Judging from the variety shows, whether it’s the trip of the veteran season-broadcast variety runner to Reuters, or the recent topic that Miss Lang wears Reuters to and from work, it can be seen that Reuters marketing has gradually become an important "course" in the variety industry.

　

For variety shows, what are the specific forms of marketing in Reuters? What are the interests behind it? When Reuters became a star’s daily marketing tool, what problems were exposed?

"Thirty-six Strategies" of Variety Reuters Marketing

At present, the variety Reuters has many specific ways, such as program itinerary, guest lineup, star modeling, CP sense, variety link and so on, which runs through the whole stage from shooting to the end of the broadcast.

　

　

Before the program is broadcast, it is usually necessary to constantly create topics for exposure, and gain a certain audience base in the early stage, thus winning considerable ratings for the broadcast.

　

In the warm-up stage, Reuters marketing generally focuses on three aspects: program itinerary, guests and variety shows.

　

For location reality shows such as A Desired Life, My Wife’s Romantic Travel, Flowers and Teenagers, the Reuters of the itinerary is usually easy to arouse the curiosity of the program audience, stimulate the enthusiasm of the fans in the planning place of the program itinerary, and generate the motivation to promote it spontaneously during the off-air period.

　

△ "Yearning for Life" trip to Reuters

　

And some variety shows with flying guests, Reuters, who invited the star lineup, will attract attention. On the one hand, for the stars invited by well-known domestic variety shows, their fans will have a certain sense of pride, and then they are more willing to promote through Reuters; On the other hand, the program itself will also bring topic ahead of time because of the chemical reactions that different guest partners may stimulate, which will attract more attention from passers-by.

　

△ Running male guest Reuters

　

In addition, some Reuters will also reveal some links in the variety show, which is more likely to arouse the curiosity of star fans and audience and increase their expectation for the feature film because of its uncertainty.

　

△ "Chinese Restaurant" Variety Link Reuters

　

　

After the program starts, the focus of Reuters’s marketing will change, but the forms will be richer.

　

On the one hand, because variety shows are mostly close to daily life, it is almost impossible to have the freshness brought by costume dramas. Therefore, many variety shows will set up people for stars through modeling and costumes, which has also become an important gimmick for program promotion.

　

For example, in the Great Escape from the Chamber of Secrets, each guest will play a role in the story, and different costumes will become the basis for sorting out the roles. Reuters with the theme of program wearing has therefore become a necessity for each escape from the Chamber of Secrets, which will continuously promote the popularity of program broadcasting by arousing the audience’s prediction and discussion on the roles in the next issue.

　

△ "The Great Escape of the Chamber of Secrets" styling Reuters

　

As a result, the star private server business in Reuters’s picture was also formed. Because some stars don’t wear exaggerated and big-name costumes in their daily lives, this also allows fans to get the experience of "the same as idols" through low-cost consumption. The relationship between stars and fans is also closer.

　

　

On the other hand, group CP has also become a common operation in variety shows. Especially the sense of CP embodied in Reuters, compared with the deliberate creation in the program, the daily CP interaction is more loved by people.

　

△ Group CP from the map of Langjie Reuters

　

In addition, the Reuters marketing of variety shows is not only in the show, but also outside the programs such as commuting, which is common in variety shows while shooting and broadcasting. Reuters’s pictures with this theme can quickly draw close to the fans, especially in short videos with interactive nature or face shots that have not been over-retouched, and can restore more real stars to fans, thus more effectively increasing the audience’s stickiness of the program.

　

Multi-party "Mind" behind Variety Reuters Marketing

The seemingly ordinary variety Reuters map on the hot search actually contains many thoughts and interests. Not only the visible characters such as stars, fans and producers, but also the hidden characters such as clothing brands and marketing numbers.

　

　

In the marketing of variety show Reuters, stars, clothing brands and fans are in a special relationship structure. Stars wear clothes and accessories of a certain brand, and spread their own personal designs through the wearing style in Reuters’s picture, so as to realize the potential personal designs.

　

△ Meng Mei Qi "fashionista" people set up

　

The brand, on the other hand, opens its popularity with the help of Reuters, a celebrity private server, and adapts to the consumers who turn their fans into brands. At the same time, fans are exposed by Reuters, the star’s private server, and establish more potential contacts with them.

　

Due to the constant interaction between the three, stars and brands can slowly find their own marketing methods. For example, a star likes the daily wear of neutral style, and the corresponding brands can also cooperate with them to form positive guidance, thus promoting fan consumption.

　

　

In the marketing of variety Reuters, the producer, the marketing number and the audience constitute another relationship. Before the program starts, in addition to official publicity, the producers will also release a large number of Reuters to the marketing number, thus attracting the attention of the audience. In addition, these marketing numbers will also trigger discussion among netizens by creating topics, create a certain degree of memory among passers-by, and attract more passers-by powder for the program.

　

△ There are many marketing numbers on Tik Tok for short video shooting of "Star commuting".

　

Fans’ responses under the marketing number will also form useful feedback for producers, which can help them identify the market and be targeted in Reuters marketing.

　

△ Variety scenes similar to the "Beginning" of the explosion are easy to circle.

Hidden worries behind Reuters’s marketing

When Reuters marketing became the routine operation of variety shows, the problems it brought became more and more obvious.

　

Excessive Reuters: Affect editing and cause losses.

　

For Reuters, on the face of it, producers and fans generally resist. On the one hand, there is too much mystery and novelty in the broadcast of Reuters’s variety shows. Although variety shows are mostly in the form of periodical broadcast, such problems can be avoided through lens editing and deletion, but there will still be labor costs, and this selective editing may also lead to misleading plots.

　

△ Speaking rules in Sean Xiao fans’ super words

　

On the other hand, Reuters’s excessive editing and mending may also make the stars who are not expressive enough in the variety show passively disappear in front of the camera, thus causing psychological damage to the fans of these stars. Therefore, the overall attitude of fans towards Reuters is mostly resisted.

　

　

In addition, it is the negative influence brought by the substitute filming accompanied by Reuters. After the star agency has become a lucrative business, the whole agency industry has also begun to move towards involution.

　

It turns out that the clear and perfect Reuters map is the favorite of fans. Now, only when the "small composition" is well written, it is possible to harvest leeks well. Nowadays, writing on behalf of others has evolved into a network term of "literature on behalf of others" and formed a unique expression technique.

　

△ Image from Sohu Entertainment

　

However, due to the pursuit of eyeball effect in "substitute literature", many times deliberate fabrication or vocabulary creation easily affects the setting of some links in the variety show itself, resulting in misunderstandings in the hearts of the audience.

　

　

Nowadays, variety shows are willing to attract attention through group CP. But the problem is that the information revealed by Reuters’s map is probably just the imagination of the audience. If the program doesn’t have such an effect after broadcast, it will lead to the failure of fans’ expectations.

　

△ "Chinese Restaurant" Reuters hinted that Ding Zhen and Zhou Ye had a strong sense of CP, but the program presentation rarely reflected the sense of CP interaction.

　

In addition, if the producers try to cater to this setting, it will also bring some bad experiences to some fans, especially some star fans who exclude the CP group. For example, in the early days, the Running Man would implicitly bind Lu Han and Dilraba in the program, trying to harvest the topic with their CP, which once caused some disputes among fans.

tag

At present, the marketing of variety shows in Reuters has become a normal phenomenon. When Reuters Map, an illegitimate propaganda method, began to be included in the category of normal marketing, our understanding of variety shows and stars may begin to deviate. In essence, a variety show, if the content is not innovative enough and the final product performance is not good, no matter how good or how hidden the marketing means, will only be killing.

　

　　

Cctv news In March 2010, a car accident changed the life track of Zeng Wei, a girl born after 1985. She was identified as a fourth-grade physical disability, and since then, headaches, numbness and other sequelae have plagued her every day.

Before the accident, Zeng Wei was a doctor and opened a clinic in Wu Shan Village, Huaxi District, Guiyang. Now, she has to choose to start a new business. Considering her own situation and understanding of the disabled group, she founded a mosaic glass factory and recruited a large number of disabled people.

Xiao Liu is a deaf-mute and doesn’t like to communicate with others when he first came to the glass factory. Zeng Wei often chats with him, which is more helpful in life and work. Gradually, Xiao Liu became cheerful. He is smart and eager to learn, and he can do some complicated work well. Now, Xiao Liu’s monthly income has exceeded 4000 yuan.

A few years ago, the village-run schools in Wu Shan Village of Guiyang City faced closure due to financial difficulties, which meant that many children in the village would have no schooling. After understanding the situation, Zeng Wei quickly invested in a Chengxing school. In order to let the teachers who live far away feel at ease in teaching, she also arranged dormitories for the teachers out of her own pocket. Every year, the school will have a funding gap of 30,000 to 50,000 yuan, and Zeng Wei will use the income of the factory to subsidize the school.

For schools, the education of left-behind children is a big problem. Zeng Wei and the teachers discussed the educational methods and gave classified guidance to the left-behind students. Over the years, the school has reduced tuition and miscellaneous fees for 110 students by more than 45,000 yuan, and the enrollment rate has remained above 90% all the year round.

In addition to donating money for education, Zeng Wei also mobilized students to form a volunteer service group to care for the poor elderly. They are led by teachers and regularly help the elderly in the village to do farm work and housework. Zeng Wei has many years of medical experience and is very familiar with health preservation. Over the years, she has given more than 50 lectures on health and shared her experience with nearly 2,500 people.

Today, Zeng Wei’s biggest dream is still related to the education of children in her hometown. By her side, love is growing from point to line, from line to surface. Here, let’s say "thank you" to this charity messenger!

　　TV series The Longest Day In Chang’an stills information pictures

　　[Ask and cut the net text]

　　● The cultural consciousness of online novels with the theme of ancient costumes in the process of film and television adaptation has broadened the space for their development. At the same time, the arrival of the "internet plus" era has also brought a new opportunity and challenge to the development of online literature.

　　● From online novels to film and television dramas, it belongs to "re-creation" and "re-creation". The value guidance and cultural atmosphere should not be a process of weakening, but should be a process of continuous improvement and strengthening, so that the value guidance is more in line with social value norms and the cultural atmosphere is fuller and more authentic.

　　From its germination, prosperity to popularity, online novels with the theme of ancient costumes have always been inextricably linked with Chinese traditional culture. The mature development of online literature can not be separated from the influence and nourishment of traditional culture, from the ancient costume theme in the early days, to the hot travel novels later, and to the increasingly popular online novels with biographical costume themes recently. In recent years, some popular TV series adapted from online novels, such as Hougong Zhenhuan Biography, Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace, legend of miyue, nirvana in fire, Do you know if it should be green and fat, The Longest Day In Chang’an and Joy of Life, show the grand Chinese history, classic poems and songs, and traditional folk customs one by one, coupled with different types and styles of plays, personalized character design and subtle cultural connotation, showing Chinese tradition. The cultural consciousness in the process of film adaptation of online novels with the theme of ancient costume broadens the space for their development, and the arrival of the "internet plus" era also brings a new opportunity and challenge to the development of online literature.

　　Let "overhead" land.

　　In the early stage of creation, online novels with the theme of ancient costume tend to adopt the writing style of "overhead" history, or construct the whole work in the mode of crossing time and space. This creative way far away from history has found a more reasonable solution in the process of film and television adaptation of online novels.

　　Wu Xuelan’s Biography of Zhen Huan, an online writer, is the main representative of returning to historical film and television works from online novels with overhead history. In the original work, the author fictionalized a dynasty, telling the story of a bloody incident in the former imperial harem from the first year of Ganyuan to the thirty years of Ganyuan. In the film adaptation, he chose to land in the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, relying on the history of the Qing Dynasty, to show that familiar and unfamiliar court story.

　　Joy of Life, an online novel, was originally a novel about crossing the theme. It tells the story of a dying patient in modern times, Fan Shen, who happened to cross the fictional country of Qingguo by chance and started a confusing adventure for the rest of his life, hence the name "Yunian Qing". In the process of film and television adaptation, the creator adopted the narrative mode of "play in play" to transform Fan Xian’s legendary experience of celebrating the country into the content of a novel written by Jasmine Zhang, a university student. This plot design not only conforms to the narrative logic of "crossing" the plot in the original work, but also complements the research idea of the protagonist Jasmine Zhang "analyzing the history of ancient literature with modern concepts", and better sews up the gap between the fiction of online literature and the official history, which makes a powerful exploration for the realistic return of novels with costume themes.

　　In addition, the accurate positioning of historical events is also a new attempt in the film adaptation of online novels in recent years. The TV series "legend of miyue" directed by Zheng Xiaolong tells the ups and downs of the life story of Mi Yue, the first empress dowager in China history and a female politician of Qin State in the Warring States Period. Among them, allusions such as "Returning to Zhao in perfect condition", "encircling Wei to save Zhao" and "uniting Lian Heng" are accurately reproduced, and figures such as Zhang Yi, Qu Yuan and Huang Xie also appear in the Warring States Period, realizing a high degree of integration of biographies and historical facts. It can be seen that the landing of "overhead" history, the reversal through time and space, and the innovative interpretation of celebrity allusions have become an important path for the film adaptation of online novels, gradually guiding the audience to pay attention to, respect and reflect on history, and to understand and observe reality with a more rational and comprehensive eye.

　　Let classical poetry "appear" vividly

　　Five thousand years of Chinese traditional culture is extensive and profound, which has become the spiritual soil for the creation of online novels with the theme of ancient costumes. At the same time, online novels actively absorb and transmit the artistic essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture. The emerging network literature forms and excellent traditional culture join hands to explore new ways forward.

　　In recent years, the film and television dramas adapted from online novels with the theme of ancient costumes have tried to integrate classical poetry and lyrics into film and television works, making a new attempt for the revival and dissemination of traditional poetry. At present, there are several types of reproduction methods of classic poems in popular dramas with costume themes adapted from online novels.

　　First, the name of the play is vividly used in poetry and allusions. For example, the title of the TV series "Do you know if it should be green, fat, red and thin?" is taken from the words in the Song Dynasty poetess Li Qingzhao’s "Like a dream, it rained last night and the wind blew suddenly." When the novel was published, seven poems were also used as the titles of each volume, namely, "Begonia blooms in my hometown today, and only famous flowers are bitter and lonely", "I faded my makeup from plum powder and painted a new red begonia", "Begonia doesn’t hesitate to be rouge, and I don’t wait for the golden house to recommend Huatang", "I don’t know that flowers are more gorgeous until I am pale, and I am eager to love Begonia", "How can I make peaches and plums speak, and sleep with a new begonia?" The title of each volume revolves around "Haitang", which coincides with "green, fat, red and thin". At the same time, the style of writing is the same, and the cultural heritage of the whole work is added.

　　Second, classic poems appear frequently in film and television works in the form of lines. For example, in "Biography of the Harem Zhen Huan", Zhen Xuan explained the origin of his maiden name to Yongzheng when he participated in the draft, and quoted the words "a beautiful waist" in Cai Shen’s "A Prune of Plums" in the Northern Song Dynasty, which coincided with Zhen Xuan’s charming appearance and cool temperament. At the same time, he also used Cai Shen’s words and quality to express his personal feelings to Zhen Xuan’s father Zhen Yuandao in the play. In addition, the characters in the play are lined with corresponding poems, which are closely related to the characters’ personalities and fates. For example, Shen Meizhuang chanted "I would rather hold the incense in the branches and die than blow it into the north wind" (Zheng Sixiao’s "Cold Chrysanthemum"), and An Lingrong sang "Advise you not to cherish the golden gowns, and advise you to cherish your youth. When flowers bloom, they must be folded straight, so don’t wait until there are no flowers and empty branches "(Yuefu poem" Goldilocks "), and the king of Guojun lamented on the night of Tanabata that" when the golden wind and the jade dew meet, they will overcome countless people "(Qin Guan’s" Queqiao Fairy ").

　　The third is to take the allusions in the famous works as the core plot of the film and television drama. For example, the hit drama Joy of Life quoted the poem "Stay in Qing Yu" in A Dream of Red Mansions: "Stay in Qing Yu, stay in Qing Yu, and suddenly meet a benefactor; Lucky mother, lucky mother, accumulated yin gong. Don’t be like my cruel uncle and traitor who loves money and forgets flesh and blood! It is multiplication, division, addition and subtraction, and there is a sky on it! " Taking this as the plot of the drama, and then persuading people to uphold the idea of helping the poor and helping the poor, which is highly consistent with the theme of the drama. The diversified and flexible use of classic poetry in the film and television works adapted from online novels not only expands the communication path of traditional poetry, but also creates an immersive space field for the audience to understand the profound meaning of poetry, which is a novel and extensive way of communication.

　　Let the "textual research fever" continue to heat up

　　The popularity of film and television dramas on mass cultural consumption is relatively high, and excellent ancient costume works can become a powerful carrier of traditional cultural communication to some extent. The audience’s "textual research" on customs, costumes and etiquette in film and television dramas has given new narrative dimensions to the works with the theme of ancient costume to a certain extent, and also put forward higher and stricter requirements for the writing of online novels with the theme of ancient costume.

　　Many details in the drama The Longest Day In Chang’an have caused a heated discussion among netizens. The drama focuses on depicting the prosperous scene of the Tang Dynasty, from the costumes and hair accessories, to the furnishings of daily life, and then to the scene setting of the times, all of which are exquisite and exquisite. In the play, Li Bi, played by Jackson Yee, has attracted everyone’s attention because of his lotus-crowned hair style with hair pins inserted from back to front. The audience carried out in-depth textual research and exploration around the production time and identity symbol of "Meridian Hairpin" and "Maoyou Hairpin". To some extent, this also increases the appreciation dimension of TV series.

　　In addition, the "bad teacher" played by Lei Jiayin in the play wears the "round neck robe" and "six-in-one boots", and carries the accessories such as "tie rope", "arm shovel" and "smoke pill" with him, which truly reproduces the mixed style and characteristics of Hu and Han in the Tang Dynasty. In the play, women’s clothing accessories such as "flowers", "bun", "skirt" and "half-chest skirt" mostly echo the characters in famous paintings and poems. "One scoop of food and one drink" has become an important method to spread traditional culture.

　　Do you know whether it should be green, fat, red and thin? nirvana in fire and other film and television dramas also reproduce Chinese traditional manners and customs exquisitely. When women meet each other every day, they ask each other "make-up safety" and perform "Wan Fu Li"; Men bow down and bow their hands; When the younger generation says hello to their elders, they will "cross their hands". These courtesies are numerous and varied, and they are also used in exquisite occasions. There are concrete explanations and graphic descriptions in works such as Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Tokyo Meng Hua Lu and Han Xizai’s Night Banquet.

　　There are also studies and unique displays of traditional ingredients and pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine in film and television dramas. For example, in Ruyi’s Royal Love in the Palace, the delicacies such as chicken soup with purple ginseng and snow, lotus root with bi Nuo, milk cake and dark fragrant soup are often mentioned, which are unique in color matching. Even when chopsticks are dropped, the instant when the chopsticks touch the "chopsticks pillow" is particularly attractive. These designs convey the charm of Chinese traditional culture to the audience and bring visual enjoyment. At the same time, the "homophonic" and "metaphor" of dish names have also become an important driving force for the development of drama plots.

　　Another example is the interpretation of the efficacy of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, Herba Scorzonepetae, Folium Perillae and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae in "legend of miyue", which better integrates Chinese traditional culture and Chinese medicine, makes film and television dramas more pyrotechnic, and opens the pace for online literature to land in real life.

　　It can be seen that the details of traditional folk customs in film and television dramas can better stimulate the audience’s viewing enthusiasm and psychological expectations. The upsurge of "textual research fever" reflects, to some extent, the desire and pursuit of cultural values by film and television consumption, and therefore film and television dramas have become more diverse and multidimensional, becoming an effective way to convey traditional culture.

　　Let the creative concept always walk on the right path

　　Under the background of media integration, the network provides more possibilities for the spread of literature, and network literature also has a broader spread space. In the process of film and television adaptation, online novels with the theme of ancient costume have more new ways to inherit and popularize Chinese traditional culture.

　　The "little knowledge" pop-up window of "Do you know whether it should be green, fat, red and thin" broadcast on the video website timely and accurately explains the "knowledge points" in the series, and the design of real-time barrage, mini-theater and other links is novel and flexible, opening up a new position for the arrival of traditional culture to "new and new mankind".

　　Weibo’s hot topic search, friends circle forwarding, promotion of post bars and related cultural activities on the client side have, to some extent, become new ways to spread traditional culture in film and television dramas. At the same time, the film and television drama adapted from online novels has gradually opened up the linkage with games and animation, realizing industrial integration, providing reference and experience for the cross-industry communication of film and television drama, and also providing the possibility for the cross-industry communication of "national style and Chinese rhyme".

　　As some scholars have said, the correlation patterns between the literary value and market value of contemporary literary works are more and more diverse. The arrival of "internet plus" and the era of media integration has brought more possibilities for the spread of literature, art and culture, but it has also brought more tests and challenges. Writers of online novels need to uphold a firm cultural stand and cultural self-confidence, and spread and re-create Chinese traditional culture by removing the rough and the essence, discarding the dross and taking the essence. They should not introduce some pseudoscience, feudal ideas and metaphysical superstitions into their creation, which will lead to the loss of their creative ideas. From online novels to film and television dramas, it belongs to "re-creation" and "re-creation". The value guidance and cultural atmosphere should not be a process of weakening, but a process of continuous improvement and strengthening, so that the value guidance is more in line with social value norms and the cultural atmosphere is fuller and more authentic.

　　Under the background of media integration, the film and television works adapted from online novels are more diverse in strategies and ways to spread traditional culture. The interaction of industries such as network, literature, film and television, games and animation will make new explorations for the future development of online literature and network culture. In the face of such a new situation, we need to be full of longing, but also need to be vigilant at all times.

　　(Author: Ouyang Yifei, a lecturer at the School of Art and Design of Changzhou Institute of Technology, Dr. college of nanjing normal university, this article is a research project of philosophy and social sciences in Jiangsu universities "‘ Internet plus & rsquo; Film and television major in colleges and universities in the times ‘ Double span ’ Research on talent training mode "phased results)

[Soda soda market trends]The main transaction price of soda ash and heavy alkali is about 1500 yuan/ton. This week, the output of soda ash was 695,300 tons, a decrease of 15,000 tons from the previous month or 2.11%. Among them, the output of light alkali was 288,600 tons, a decrease of 0.42 million tons from the previous month; The output of heavy alkali was 406,700 tons, a decrease of 10,800 tons from the previous month. This week, the total inventory of domestic soda ash manufacturers was 1,648,100 tons, an increase of 0.43 million tons or 0.26% compared with Monday. Among them, light soda ash was 701,400 tons, a decrease of 0.66 million tons from the previous month; 946,700 tons of heavy soda ash, an increase of 10,900 tons from the previous month. Due to the great pressure of supply and demand and the continuous accumulation pattern, the overall pressure of soda ash disk is great, and the macro expectation cools down after the superposition meeting, and the disk weakens. From the fundamentals of soda ash itself, the pattern of supply and demand is more obvious than that of glass surplus, and the production lines of downstream float glass and photovoltaic glass are obviously reduced, which aggravates the excess pressure. If there is no large upstream load reduction in the market outlook, the industry accumulation pattern will continue. It is expected that the short-term disk of soda ash will have a bullish mood driven by macro emotions, which is still a narrow range of shocks. Short-term operation can be considered near 1600 on the upper edge of the 01 shock range, and the short-term view is neutral.

[car home Shijiazhuang Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, a large-scale price reduction promotion activity was launched in Shijiazhuang, and the highest preferential amount reached an astonishing 59,000 yuan, which made the lowest starting price of this car series drop to 165,900 yuan, attracting the attention of many consumers. Interested friends may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get higher discounts.

The design of FAW-Volkswagen CC shows the combination of modernity and elegance. Its front face adopts a unique family-style design language, with a wide air intake grille, creating a strong visual impact. The overall style is biased towards sports and fashion, and the streamlined body lines outline the dynamic outline, making FAW-Volkswagen CC particularly eye-catching on the road.

The body size of FAW-Volkswagen CC is 4865*1870*1459mm, the wheelbase is 2841mm, and the front and rear wheel tracks are 1586mm and 1572mm respectively. Its body lines are smooth and elegant, showing a unique sports style. Equipped with tyre size 245/45 R18, the rim design is fashionable and atmospheric, which improves the visual effect of the whole vehicle.

The interior design of FAW-Volkswagen CC is simple and luxurious, and the steering wheel is wrapped in leather, which provides manual up-and-down and forward-and-backward adjustment functions to ensure that drivers can find the best grip position under different body shapes and driving habits. The center console is equipped with a 9.2-inch touch screen, which supports voice recognition control system and can easily operate multimedia system, navigation, telephone and air conditioning. The seat is made of leather and Alcantara, providing excellent comfort and wrapping. The front seats have heating function, which increases the comfort of long-distance driving. At the same time, the vehicle is equipped with multiple USB and Type-C interfaces to facilitate passengers to charge or connect devices. The rear seats support proportional tilting, which increases the flexibility and practicability of the trunk.

FAW-Volkswagen CC is equipped with a 2.0T engine, with a maximum power of 137kW and a maximum torque of 320 N m. With the 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, it provides a strong power output and a smooth shifting experience for the vehicle.

The owner of car home said that the thick lines on the hood of FAW-Volkswagen CC show a sense of strength, and the white body shines in the sun, which is highly recognizable on the road, whether static or dynamic.

Nowadays, young people have various requirements for buying a car. In addition to high requirements for face value, they also hope that they can’t lag behind in terms of power and configuration, and only hope to bear the price. Today, this car is very distinctive. Next, let’s take a look with Xiaobian.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face of Seal 06 has taken a simple route as a whole and looks very sporty. Coupled with headlights, it is very visually impactful. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the size of the car body is 4830MM*1875MM*1495MM. The car adopts simple lines, and the car body presents an avant-garde design style. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it looks full of movement. At the rear of the car, the rear of the car echoes the front of the car, and the taillights give people a very dynamic and lively feeling, creating a good atmosphere.

Sitting in the car, the interior design has taken the fashion sports route, and the overall design atmosphere is still in place. The steering wheel of the car is well designed and made of leather, which gives people an impulse to control it. From the central control point of view, the 15.6-inch central control panel is used for decoration, which makes the interior design quite layered, and the overall design of the central control is remarkable. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The dashboard design is remarkable and the sports atmosphere is in place. The car uses leather seats, which are wide and thick, and are basically enough for daily use.

Equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, Bluetooth key, NFC/RFID key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, the configuration has reached the mainstream level of the same level.

The Seal 06 introduced today is not only eye-catching in space, but also has reached the mainstream level in various configurations, and there is nothing to be picky about driving experience and space experience. If you are concerned, you might as well experience it.

Recently, the veteran variety show "Run 2024" was officially announced and will be launched on April 19th. The program official micro-released this quarter’s resident fit poster, with 8 people on it, including 7 old members returning and 1 new member joining. Ryan didn’t take part in the C position, Angelababy’s application for flying was rejected, and Bailu became a "sister" naturally. The poster is dominated by pink and yellow, giving people a sense of recovery in spring. Adam and Zhang Zhenyuan are the two farthest members in the poster. The former has been in the poster for a short time, while the latter is a brand-new member. On the periphery are Charlie and YUQI, as well as Bailu and Ryan. It is worth mentioning that Charlie and Bailu originally joined at the same time, but the program group attached great importance to Bailu and put her in the same position as Ryan.

In the resident lineup of "Run 12", most of them are old members, and no new female resident is invited, and Angelababy’s situation is not ideal. According to Angelababy’s fans, Angelababy did not expect to return to his permanent residence at first, but talked with the program group about the first flight. The program group initially said it would consider it, but there was no news later, and it has been confirmed that it was rejected until now. According to Angelababy’s fans, since it has been confirmed that Angelababy will not participate in this program, they will not indulge the program group any more. Because Angelababy has been in "Running Man" program group for a long time, although there is no credit, she has also made a lot of efforts. Now is the time when Angelababy really needs support, but the program refused to give her any chance, not even a flying guest. In this case, they will also give up the program and stop paying attention to the news of the program.

The entertainment circle should cherish the true feelings, and the difficulty Angelababy encountered this time is not just a simple problem. Although it is unreasonable for the program group not to help, they did it for the sake of the overall situation. Do you agree with the practice of the program group?

Painting beautiful women with AI can’t stop! Royal Sister, Sweet Sister, Lori, everything you want is here. Click to experience it now →

Editor in charge: