CCTV News:According to Russian media reports, the International Olympic Committee recently cancelled the gold medal of the Russian track and field team in the 4× 100m relay event of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

　　According to the report of the International Olympic Committee, the female athlete Char Mosanska, who participated in the project, tested positive for drugs such as stanozolol in the re-examination of urine samples.

　　In May this year, the Russian Olympic Committee confirmed that 14 Russian athletes who participated in the Beijing Olympic Games failed in the re-examination of drug testing, including Char Mosanska. (CCTV reporter Gu Xin)

　　"Steaming on the top and cooking on the bottom" is the hottest time of the year. It seems that only ice and cold things can last, and even meals just want to eat ice. A delicious food that has been brushed frequently recently — — Chaoshan raw pickled, have you eaten it?

　　The method of raw pickling in Chaoshan is as follows: clean live shrimp, crab and shellfish, put them on a plate, add seasonings such as onion, ginger and cooking wine, and put them in the refrigerator.Freeze for hours or a day or two.A "raw salting" that is said to be addictive is ready.

　　The combination of seafood and raw salting has to be reminiscent of "parasites", and fish, crabs, shrimps and shellfish in seawater may carry parasites — — Anisodes. In this issue, we will take a look at the knowledge about anisakis..

　　What are the symptoms of infection with anisakis?

　　The general clinical manifestations of infection caused by anisakis nematodes are as followsGastrointestinal symptoms, or allergic reactions caused by repeated infections.After eating food containing live third-stage larvae of Anisodes, clinical symptoms usually appear in 1-12 hours.It is characterized by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, general fatigue, abnormal stool and other symptoms.In severe cases, larvae can penetrate the stomach or intestinal wall and migrate to peritoneum, pleural cavity, mesentery, liver, pancreas or ovary. Generally, the disease is self-healing, and the acute symptoms will disappear within a few days, but if left untreated, it can cause chronic ulcer-like symptoms, which last for weeks or even months.

　　Insects and their secretions can also cause strong allergic reactions, and the epitopes are urticaria, rubella, edema, even respiratory disorders, anaphylactic shock and so on.

　　Up to now, 12 kinds of simple anisakis allergens (Ani s1- Ani s12) have been reported, but only the first 9 allergens have been clearly identified and classified. Seven (Ani s1, Ani s4, Ani s5, Ani s6, Ani s7, Ani s8, Ani s9) are excretory and secretory allergens, and two (Ani s1, Ani s3) are allergens of the insect itself. Ani s1, Ani s2, Ani s3 and Ani s7 are the main allergens, and Ani s4, Ani s5, Ani s6, Ani s8, Ani s9 and Ani s10 are the secondary allergens.85% of people allergic to ANODONAS contain Ani s1-specific IgE. It is generally believed that,General anisakis allergy is caused by infection with live anisakis.However, it cannot be ruled out that contact with heat-resistant antigens or dead larvae may cause allergies.

　　Easily misdiagnosed? How to diagnose?

　　For the diagnosis of suspected cases,First of all, because of asking patients whether they have eaten raw and mature seafood.According to biochemical indexes and signs, it is different from other gastrointestinal diseases (acute appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, etc.). The diagnosis was assisted by endoscope and X-ray.

　　Fiberoptic endoscope is the most effective diagnostic method for the disease of Heterotopic Nematodes in esophagus and stomach. Using fiberoptic endoscope, we can directly find worms or find pathological changes such as erosion and edema on mucous membrane, and confirm them. At the same time, we can directly take out worms for treatment.

　　The X-ray signs of gastric anisakis disease are mainly longitudinal gastric wall wrinkling and swelling, and sometimes the larvae themselves are linear shadows. For anisakis enterobiasis, the X-ray sign of intestine is segmented after barium meal, and serrated or short rod-shaped shadows can be seen in the affected part, and the intestine above the affected part has strong expansion, in which the retained barium can be seen with granular shadows.

　　Ultrasound images can also be used to assist in the diagnosis of intestinal anisakiasis.When larvae cannot be found in the stomach and small intestine, immunological diagnostic techniques can be used to assist in the diagnosis of anisakis. Detection of IgG, IgA or IgE antibodies in the serum of suspected cases with larval excretory and secretory antigens, worm antigens or Anis1 allergens can assist in the diagnosis of recent and past infections, and has the advantages of high efficiency and strong specificity.

　　In the process of diagnosis and treatment,Anisodomy is easily misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis, intestinal tumor, localized enteritis, intestinal diverticulitis, etc.　It is difficult to get worms from the intestine, and the diagnosis is made by X-ray fluoroscopy and immunological blood clearing. Generally, albendazole conservative treatment combined with anti-inflammatory drugs is adopted.

　　There is no specific therapeutic drug for anisakis, and prevention is the key.

　　There is no specific treatment for anisakis, and the most effective treatment is to take out the worm as soon as possible.If the worm can’t be taken out, conservative treatment should be adopted, and observation should be strengthened while resisting infection and allergy. When the condition is serious, surgery should be performed to remove the worm in time to avoid local blockage.

　　We should adhere to the principle of giving priority to prevention for anisakis,Strengthen publicity and education for consumers and inform them of the dangers of eating immature processed seafood.Processing this kind of food should be cooked thoroughly to reduce raw seafood and fresh water products.Reduce food safety risks. It is advocated that related food enterprises and restaurants should freeze seafood before processing and selling it. Freezing can not only kill parasites in seafood, but also kill pathogenic Vibrio. The European Union stipulates that raw seafood must be frozen at -20℃ for at least 24 hours, and the US FDA requires that seafood eaten without being heated above 60℃ must be frozen at-35℃ for 15 hours or stored at -23℃ for at least 168 hours (7 days).

　　Focus on:Avoiding eating raw or half-baked marine fish is the primary preventive method, and the fish should be heated and cooked before eating. Anisodes can all die after being frozen at -20℃ for 24 hours.(Article source: "Jiangbin Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University" WeChat WeChat official account)

　　[Preface] "The environment is people’s livelihood, the green hills are beautiful, and the blue sky is also happiness." It is every Chinese’s dream to have a beautiful homeland with sky blue, green land and clean water. The supreme leader attaches great importance to the protection of ecological environment, and frequently explains it vividly with Miao Yan’s allegorical words. Xinhua News Agency’s "Learning in Progress" combs and extracts ten exquisite expositions of the supreme leader in ecological environment protection and shares them with you.

　　"Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets"

　　We want green mountains and green hills, as well as Jinshan Yinshan. I’d rather have green mountains and green hills than Jinshan Yinshan, and Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. We must not sacrifice the ecological environment for temporary economic development. We put forward the strategic task of building an ecological civilization and a beautiful China, leaving a beautiful home with sky blue, green land and clean water for future generations.

　　— — On September 7, 2013, when answering students’ questions at Nazarbayev University in Kazakhstan, the Supreme Leader pointed out

　　Green mountains and green hills and Jinshan Yinshan are by no means antagonistic. The key lies in people and ideas. Protecting the ecological environment means protecting productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing productive forces. Let the green mountains and green mountains give full play to their economic and social benefits, not to destroy them, but to protect them better.

　　— — On March 7, 2014, when attending the deliberation of the Guizhou delegation, the Supreme Leader pointed out that

　　It is necessary to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, delimit the red line of ecological protection, leave enough space for sustainable development, and leave a home with blue sky and clear water for future generations.

　　— — On March 7, 2016, when attending the deliberation of the Heilongjiang delegation, the Supreme Leader emphasized that

　　Green mountains and green hills are not only Jinshan Yinshan, but also an important guarantee for people’s health. Party committees and governments at all levels must attach great importance to the problem of ecological environment pollution, face up to the problem and try to solve it instead of covering it up.

　　— — On August 19, 2016, Speech at the National Health and Wellness Conference

　　"Protect the ecological environment like eyes and treat it like life"

　　Environment is people’s livelihood, green hills are beautiful, and blue sky is also happiness. Efforts should be made to promote the protection of the ecological environment, protect the ecological environment like eyes and treat the ecological environment like life.

　　— — On March 6, 2015, when attending the deliberation of the Jiangxi delegation, the Supreme Leader emphasized that

　　There is no substitute for the ecological environment. If you don’t feel it, it will be difficult to survive. In the construction of ecological environment protection, we must establish the overall situation view, long-term view and holistic view, adhere to the priority of protection, adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, protect the ecological environment like eyes, treat the ecological environment like life, and promote the formation of a green development mode and lifestyle.

　　— — On March 10, 2016, the Supreme Leader emphasized when he participated in the deliberation of the Qinghai delegation.

　　"Ecological environmental protection is a cause that benefits the present and the future."

　　Eco-environmental protection is a cause that benefits the present and the future. We should clearly understand the urgency and arduousness of protecting the ecological environment and controlling environmental pollution, and the importance and necessity of strengthening the construction of ecological civilization. With a highly responsible attitude and responsibility to the people and future generations, we should really make up our minds to control environmental pollution and build the ecological environment well, strive to enter a new era of socialist ecological civilization, and create a good production and living environment for the people.

　　— — On May 24, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out during the sixth collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee

　　Building ecological civilization is a Millennium plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. We must establish and practice Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’s concept, adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, treat the ecological environment like life, coordinate the management of landscape, forest, fields, lakes and grasses, implement the strictest ecological environment protection system, form a green development mode and lifestyle, firmly follow the civilized development path of production development, affluent life and good ecology, build a beautiful China, create a good production and living environment for the people, and contribute to global ecological security.

　　— — On October 18, 2017, the supreme leader emphasized in the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

　　"Put ecological environment protection in a more prominent position"

　　Building ecological civilization is a major project that concerns people’s well-being and the future of the nation. To realize industrialization, urbanization, informationization and agricultural modernization, China must embark on a new development path. China clearly put ecological environment protection in a more prominent position.

　　— — On September 7, 2013, when answering students’ questions at Nazarbayev University in Kazakhstan, the Supreme Leader pointed out

　　"the growth point of people’s life", "the support point of sustained and healthy economic and social development" and "the force point of China’s good image"

　　Resolutely abandon the development model that damages or even destroys the ecological environment, and resolutely abandon the practice of sacrificing the ecological environment for economic growth in one place at a time, so that a good ecological environment will become the growth point of people’s lives, the support point of sustained and healthy economic and social development, and the power point to show China’s good image, making China’s land bluer, greener, clearer and more beautiful.

　　— — On May 26, 2017, the Supreme Leader emphasized during the 41st collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee.

　　"Landscape, forest, field and lake are a community of life"

　　We should realize that landscape, forest, field and lake are a community of life. The lifeblood of people lies in fields, the lifeblood of fields lies in water, the lifeblood of water lies in mountains, the lifeblood of mountains lies in soil, and the lifeblood of soil lies in trees.

　　— — On November 9, 2013, when the Supreme Leader made a statement on "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Comprehensively Deepening Reform" at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, he pointed out that

　　"Fairest public goods" and "Most inclusive people’s livelihood and welfare"

　　A good ecological environment is the fairest public product and the most inclusive people’s livelihood. Green mountains and green waters, blue sea and blue sky are the biggest capital for building an international tourist island, which must be cherished and carefully cared for.

　　— — From April 8 to 10, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out during his inspection tour in Hainan

　　"Precious wealth that can’t be bought or borrowed"

　　Green mountains and green waters, blue sea and blue sky are Hainan’s strongest advantages and biggest capital. It is a precious wealth that can neither be bought nor borrowed. If it is destroyed, it will be difficult to recover. We should take the protection of the ecological environment as the fundamental foothold of Hainan’s development, firmly establish the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, treat this oasis on the sea and this blue water like life, and strive to make greater achievements in building socialist ecological civilization.

　　— — From April 11 to 13, 2018, the Supreme Leader emphasized during his inspection tour in Hainan.

　　"Leave a sustainable development for future generations ‘ Green bank ’ "

　　It is hoped that Hainan will properly handle the relationship between development and protection, focus on "greening" and "protecting blue", set an example for the construction of ecological civilization in the country, and leave a "green bank" for sustainable development for future generations.

　　— — From April 8 to 10, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out during his inspection tour in Hainan

　　Eco-environmental problems, in the final analysis, are caused by over-exploitation, extensive utilization and extravagant consumption of resources. The development and utilization of resources should not only support contemporary people to live a happy life, but also leave a foundation for future generations.

　　— — On May 26, 2017, the Supreme Leader emphasized during the 41st collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee.

　　"Don’t cross the line"

　　We should firmly establish the concept of ecological red line. On the issue of ecological environment protection, it is necessary to cross the line, otherwise it should be punished.

　　To establish a system of accountability, those who make blind decisions regardless of the ecological environment and cause serious consequences must be held accountable, and they should be held accountable for life.

　　— — On May 24, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out during the sixth collective study in the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee

　　We must not be soft on acts that destroy the ecological environment, and we must not do it again.

　　— — On March 6, 2015, when attending the deliberation of the Jiangxi delegation, the Supreme Leader emphasized that