The Yellow River, flowing from the snow and ice in bayan har, gathers thousands of streams and rivers, crossing nine provinces and regions to nourish Chinese civilization. Under the guidance of the concept of "jointly protecting and promoting great governance", a new generation of Yellow River "water conservancy people" have made unremitting efforts to restore ecology, improve water quality and use water rationally. A picture of harmonious coexistence between man and nature is slowly unfolding along the Yellow River.

　　Water Ecology: Respect for Nature and Harmonious Symbiosis

　　In early autumn, standing in the Star Sea in maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, countless lakes are like stars sprinkled into the earth.

　　Early in the morning, Tongde, an ecological manager in Gadan Village, Machali Town, maduo county, took the reporter on the road to patrol the Star Sea. His family lived by grazing for generations and witnessed the change of grassland ecology. More than 20 years ago, due to long-term overgrazing, Maduo became devastated from a land rich in water and grass, and the income of herders decreased.

　　In recent years, maduo county has implemented the policy of "fixing livestock by grass", scientifically and rationally utilized grasslands, and explored the development path of modern ecological grassland animal husbandry. Like many herders, Tongde put down his whip, and now his job is to pick up garbage, patrol lakes and grasslands and protect wild animals.

　　On October 20, 2021, in Lena Village, Zhalinghu Township, maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, the ecological manager of the Yellow River Source Park of Sanjiangyuan National Park picked up garbage by Zhalinghu Lake. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Long photo

　　The Yellow River descends from Maduo on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and meets Fenhe on the Loess Plateau.

　　Wanrong section of Fenhe River in Shanxi Province is the last pass where Fenhe River flows into the Yellow River. "People often say that the Yellow River is only 48 poles wide, and both sides can hear it." Pan Xinjie, former director of the office of Wanrong Yellow River Affairs Bureau, said that it is said that Xuanyuan Huangdi once swept the floor on the bank of the Yellow River as an altar to worship the afterlife. Today, the site of the sweeping altar is located in the Houtu Temple. Historically, the Houtu Temple has been destroyed by floods three times and moved twice.

　　This is a photo taken in Wanrong County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province overlooking the Yellow River and Fenhe River. (UAV shooting) (Photo courtesy of the interviewee)

　　Fenhe River is the second largest tributary of the Yellow River, which has an important impact on the ecological security of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Nowadays, walking in the Wanrong section of Fenhe River, we can see that there are holes in the coastal slopes, and the holes are full of Amorpha fruticosa.

　　"More than 4 million such holes have been pierced on the left bank of the Fenhe River in Wanrong." Xie Xiaobin, a staff member of Wanrong County Water Conservancy Bureau, said that Amorpha fruticosa has the functions of protecting dike sand, preventing wind and fixing sand, and is a "living steel bar" for dam protection. More than 4 million Amorpha fruticosa roots on the shore to build a beautiful ecological barrier for the Wanrong section of Fenhe River.

　　The Yellow River falls to the East China Sea, and Wan Li writes in his mind.

　　From the mouth of the Yellow River in Dongying, Shandong Province, all the way upstream, Liang Jinhui, a researcher of the ecological investigation project team of key rivers and lakes in Shandong Province, and his colleagues sampled along the Yellow River. Water, sediment and epiphytic algae of the Yellow River … … Samples were carefully collected into the container.

　　Liang Jinhui introduced that after the later detection and analysis of the samples, the sampling at 40 points on the bank of the Yellow River will generate a "physical examination report" containing 85 indicators, providing first-hand information for dynamically recording the alternation and evolution of aquatic organisms in the Yellow River.

　　In the game of ecological protection, the ecological environment in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River has its own characteristics, and each can exert its ecological linkage control effect.

　　Water Environment: Long-term System Governance.

　　Shapotou district, zhongwei, Ningxia is the first stop for the Yellow River to enter Ningxia. In Fengzhuang Village, Rouyuan Town, shapotou district, there are many houses, the streets are clean and tidy, and a small river at the entrance of the village flows quietly under the bridge. "This river is the fourth drainage ditch. In the past, garbage and weeds were piled up along the ditch all the year round, and sewage was discharged directly into the ditch, which smelled bad in summer." Mai Xueping, a village cadre in feng village, said.

　　In recent years, Ningxia has strengthened the protection of water ecological environment, and implemented projects such as desilting and dredging of key drainage ditches into the Yellow River and construction of constructed wetlands.

　　The Yellow River, which flows through Qingtongxia City, Ningxia, nourishes rice and various vegetation on the shore (photo of drone, taken on May 25th). Xinhua News Agency reporter Feng Kaihua photo

　　In order to ensure that the water quality will not be polluted after the water system is connected, five video monitoring points, five automatic water monitoring points and five water quality monitoring points have been set up in shapotou district, and a special App has been developed to monitor the changes of water quantity and water quality online in real time.

　　Water environment control is not limited to rural non-point source pollution. In recent years, urban pollution control has also achieved remarkable results.

　　In the evening, Nanchuan River in Xining City, Qinghai Province is sparkling under the setting sun. In the urban greenway along the Nanchuan River, Jiang Xiaoyun, the river head of Xinqing Community in Nantan Sub-district Office, Chengzhong District, Xining City, opened the "Smart Water Conservancy Cloud" App and clicked "River Patrol" to start the 1.83km river patrol from Hongshui Bridge to Kunlun Bridge. "Only when I see that there is no garbage on the river and the water conservancy facilities are operating normally will my heart be practical." Jiang Xiaoyu said.

　　On June 3, along the Nanchuan River in Xining City, Jiang Xiaoyun, the community river chief, was patrolling the river. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Ning photo

　　The Nanchuan River, now known as the "city living room", was once plagued by water pollution, silt at the bottom of the river and the wild growth of aquatic plants.

　　The problem is in the water, and the root is on the shore. In recent years, Xining City has improved the water quality through measures such as renovation of municipal pipe network along the river, sewage collection and treatment, improvement of river bottom, microbial purification, aquatic plant configuration, etc., and upgraded the coastal ecological environment through measures such as shoreline renovation, facility repair and beautification, and wetland ecological restoration, and the beautiful scenery of harmonious coexistence of people, birds and fish reappeared.

　　In recent years, under the guidance of the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, a series of "combination boxing" have been launched along the Yellow River. The water quality of the Yellow River basin is improving year by year, and the main stream of the Yellow River will reach Grade II water quality for the first time in 2022.

　　Water resources: water saving and water diversion.

　　Autumn is crisp. In the Qianjin Farm of Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation, tens of thousands of acres of farmland are dressed in green, showing a different "face value". After the high standard transformation of farmland and the application of intelligent irrigation technology, more than half of the water can be saved per mu here. On the exclusive trading platform, 6 million cubic meters of water saved by the farm was purchased by two water-deficient enterprises to ensure production.

　　The Yellow River water is like soup and steamed buns to Xia Chuan.

　　Ningxia, which is located in the northwest and is dry and rainy, relies heavily on the Yellow River for its development. In the past, it faced the dilemma of long-term water shortage and flood irrigation.

　　The utilization of water resources in Ningxia is the epitome of the Yellow River Basin, which accounts for 2% of the country’s river runoff and supports the water demand of 12% of the country’s population and 17% of its cultivated land. On the basis of a series of water right and water price reforms in recent years, since 2021, Ningxia has taken the lead in exploring the reform of water right in the provinces along the Yellow River and Nine Provinces.

　　Water use warrants for some villages in Gaozha Town, Litong District, Wuzhong City, Ningxia (photo taken on May 24). Xinhua News Agency reporter Feng Kaihua photo

　　"The confirmation of water rights is based on the red line of total amount and efficiency, which forces water users to recognize the upper limit of water use, so that suitable water planting and water production are gradually rooted in the hearts of the people." Bao Lumin, head of the special class of water right reform in Ningxia Water Resources Department, said.

　　Nowadays, water, as an asset, shows great value on the trading platform. Industrial enterprises and water users purchase water rights from the exclusive water market for new projects and expansion of scale.

　　In the past summer, the work of water and sediment regulation in the Yellow River Delta has come to an end, but the story of water, sand and people continues.

　　For the Yellow River Delta, water shortage is a big problem. In the past, the wetland water supply in the Yellow River Delta could only be realized by self-flowing water diversion during the water and sediment regulation period of the Yellow River.

　　"Every year from June 19 to July 10, there is only about 20 days." Liujing, deputy director of the Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Management Committee, said, "But according to years of observation, we found that the whole wetland is not the most in need of water at this stage. For example, in the spring when animals and plants grow most vigorously, the demand for water in wetlands is very strong. However, during this period, the flow of the Yellow River is small, and it is impossible to replenish water by self-flow diversion. "

　　This is the scenery of Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve (drone photo) taken on October 31, 2022. Xinhua News Agency reporter Guo Xulei photo

　　In August last year, six sluice boats for diverting water from the Yellow River were completed in the nature reserve, and water was replenished as needed at any time according to the needs of animals and plants. The rolling Yellow River water infiltrated this vast land before it was injected into the Bohai Sea.

　　In recent years, the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve has built a scientific ecological water supply system of "diversion, transportation, storage and discharge", and at the same time, it has made great efforts to build a "river — Lu — Beach — "Sea" connectivity system, connecting the water system for 115 kilometers, dredging tidal gullies for 76 kilometers, and restoring hydrological connectivity between the Yellow River and the ocean. The original bare land and saline-alkali beach have become large wetlands with abundant aquatic plants and rich biodiversity.

　　Rushing from the depths of history, the Yellow River has nurtured generations of Chinese people. River soup, don’t give up day and night Today, under the guidance of the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, people all over the Yellow River are constantly exploring ways to protect the water of the Yellow River and striving to promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. (Reporter Shi Weiyan, Yuan Min, Zou Xinyuan, Li Ning, Chai Ting)

　　Source: CCTV

　　Chinanews. com client March 4 th The press conference of the first session of the 13 th National People’s Congress was held on the 4 th. Zhang Yesui, spokesman of the conference, answered questions from Chinese and foreign journalists on the agenda of the conference and the work of the NPC. At the press conference, Zhang Yesui responded to hot topics such as government institutional reform, supervision law, real estate tax law, China’s defense budget, and Sino-US relations.

　　[Meeting schedule: there are 10 agendas from March 5th to 20th]

　　Zhang Yesui introduced that the congress will open on the morning of March 5 and close on the morning of March 20, with a duration of 15 and a half days, which is slightly longer than the first session of the 12th National People’s Congress, which is mainly determined by the agenda of the congress.

　　There are ten agendas for this conference. The first to third items are to review the government work report and review the plan report and budget report. The fourth and fifth agendas are to consider the draft constitutional amendment and the draft supervision law. The sixth to eighth agendas are to review the work reports of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. The ninth agenda is to consider the State Council’s institutional reform plan. The tenth agenda is to elect and decide on the appointment of members of state institutions.

　　[Deliberating and adopting constitutional amendments is an important task of the General Assembly]

　　After 14 years, the Constitution will be revised for the fifth time. Zhang Yesui said that an important task of this congress is to revise some contents of the Constitution, and to review and pass constitutional amendments.

　　He pointed out that amending the Constitution is a major event in the country’s political life and a major legislative activity that concerns the overall situation. The principles of amending the Constitution this time are as follows: First, adhere to the leadership of the Party, adhere to the rule of law in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and adhere to the correct political direction. Second, in strict accordance with the law and procedures. Third, fully carry forward democracy, build consensus extensively, and ensure that it reflects the will of the people and is supported by the people. Four, adhere to the principle of partial revision of the constitution, not major changes, so as to comply with the requirements of the development of the cause of the party and the people, and follow the law of the development of constitutional laws to ensure the continuity, stability and authority of the constitution.

　　[Response "How to reform the government institutions?"】

　　On the question of how to reform government institutions, Zhang Yesui pointed out that this congress will listen to and consider the State Council’s institutional reform plan, and the State Council’s institutional reform plan is an important part of the party and state institutional reform plan, with the goal of building a functional system of party and state institutions with complete systems, scientific norms and efficient operation. This draft will be explained at the fourth plenary meeting on March 13th.

　　[the National Supervisory Commission (NSC) is the anti-corruption work organization with China characteristics]

　　Talking about the formulation of the supervision law and the establishment of the National Supervisory Commission (NSC), Zhang Yesui emphasized that the National Supervisory Commission (NSC) is an anti-corruption working institution with China characteristics. The State Supervision Commission and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection are co-located and perform two duties of discipline inspection and supervision. The supervision law is the national legislation against corruption.

　　He said that it is of great and far-reaching significance to strengthen the party’s unified leadership over anti-corruption work, build an authoritative and efficient supervision system, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity by formulating the supervision law, implementing institutional innovation and organizational innovation, and upgrading the practices and experiences that have proved effective in practice into legal systems.

　　[Talking about environmental protection: there were indeed more blue sky and white clouds in Beijing in the past year]

　　Speaking of environmental protection, Zhang Yesui said that in the past year, there were indeed more blue sky and white clouds in Beijing.

　　He said that in 2018, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) will continue to pay close attention to the environmental protection work, formulate the law on the prevention and control of soil pollution, revise the law on the prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste, review the annual report on the state of the environment and the completion of environmental protection objectives, carry out law enforcement inspections on the law on the prevention and control of air pollution and the law on marine environmental protection, and strive to provide a solid legal guarantee for winning the battle against pollution.

　　[Strive to complete the preparation for submitting the real estate tax legislation for deliberation as soon as possible]

　　What is the progress of real estate tax law aimed at social concern? Zhang Yesui responded that speeding up the legislation of real estate tax is an important task put forward by the CPC Central Committee, which was drafted by the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Budget Working Committee and the Ministry of Finance. At present, the work of drafting and improving the draft law, demonstrating important issues and soliciting opinions internally is being accelerated, so as to complete the preparatory work for submitting it to the Standing Committee for initial consideration as soon as possible.

　　He said that this year, the farmland occupation tax law, vehicle purchase tax law, resource tax law, etc. will also be formulated, and the tax collection and management law will be revised.

　　[China’s moderate increase in defense investment in recent years is still lower than that of major countries in the world]

　　With regard to China’s defense budget, Zhang Yesui responded that in recent years, China has moderately increased its defense investment, a considerable part of which is to make up for the lack of investment in the past, mainly for updating armed equipment, improving the living conditions of soldiers and training and living conditions of grass-roots units.

　　He emphasized that China’s defense investment level is lower than that of major countries in the world, no matter from the proportion of defense budget to GDP, national fiscal expenditure or per capita. China has always adhered to the path of peaceful development and pursued a defensive national defense policy. The development of China will not pose a threat to any country.

　　On Sino-US Relations: Never sit idly by and watch China’s interests get hurt.

　　Talking about Sino-US relations, Zhang Yesui said that Sino-US economic and trade relations are essentially mutually beneficial and win-win. The volume of trade between the two countries can be said to be huge. Last year, the bilateral trade volume between China and the United States exceeded 580 billion US dollars, so it is not surprising that there are some frictions. China does not want to engage in a trade war with the United States, but we must not sit idly by and watch China’s interests get hurt.

　　He emphasized that China and the United States have different social systems, historical cultures and stages of development. It is normal for the two sides to have different views or even differences on some issues, but these differences and differences do not necessarily lead to confrontation. The key is that both sides should treat each other’s strategic intentions objectively and accurately and grasp the development direction of bilateral relations. If policies are formulated based on wrong judgments or assumptions, it will damage the relations between the two countries and bring consequences that neither side wants to see.

　　[It is not in the interest of either side to have war and chaos on the Korean Peninsula]

　　Regarding the situation on the Korean Peninsula, Zhang Yesui responded that the DPRK and the United States are the main parties to the Korean Peninsula issue. If the DPRK-ROK relations and the DPRK-US relations are compared to two wheels, we hope that the DPRK-US relations will continue to turn, and we hope that the DPRK-US relations will turn as soon as possible. In other words, we hope to see the DPRK and the United States start dialogue as soon as possible.

　　Zhang Yesui emphasized that both the DPRK and the United States have made some positive statements recently. China’s position on the peninsula issue is consistent and clear, that is, we insist on realizing the denuclearization of the peninsula, maintaining peace and stability on the peninsula, and solving problems through dialogue and consultation. War and chaos on the peninsula are not in the interest of either side. China will maintain close communication with relevant parties, further increase efforts to persuade peace and promote talks in accordance with the "double suspension" initiative and the idea of parallel tracks, and strive to resolve the Korean Peninsula issue through political and diplomatic means.

　　[The Belt and Road Initiative is open to all interested countries]

　　In response to a media question that some people think that the Belt and Road Initiative is a geostrategic tool of China, Zhang Yesui refuted this view, saying it was a misunderstanding of the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　He said that the "Belt and Road" is an economic cooperation initiative that focuses on interconnection and aims at mutual benefit and win-win. It is hoped that by complementing each other’s advantages, it will create more opportunities for world economic growth and common development of all countries. The principle of "Belt and Road" is to discuss, build and share, and all participants are equal partners. The Belt and Road Initiative is an open and inclusive platform that does not exclude or target any country and is open to all interested countries.

　　[Refuting "China’s export of China model is to change the international order"]

　　A reporter mentioned that China has vigorously advocated building a community of human destiny in recent years, and also proposed to provide China’s plan and China’s wisdom for solving human problems. However, some critics worry that China’s China model is to change the existing international order and rules, and Zhang Yesui also refutes it.

　　He stressed that China will stick to its own path, neither importing foreign models nor exporting China models, and will not ask other countries to copy China’s practices. Of course, if some countries are interested in China’s development experience and practices, we are willing to discuss and share with them, but we will never impose them on others. On the issue of international order, we are not trying to reinvent ourselves and engage in subversion and substitution, but we must persist in being the maintainer and builder of the international order. (End)

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