The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the strong leading core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause and the highest political leading force. Upholding and perfecting the Party’s leadership is the root and lifeblood of the Party and the country, and the interests and happiness of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country. We must firmly and consciously uphold the Party’s leadership in all fields and aspects of work. Economic construction is the central work of the party. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "as the ruling party, we must earnestly strengthen the party’s leadership over economic work and do a solid job in economic work".

　　Marxist historical materialism holds that there is a dialectical relationship between politics and economy, with economy as the foundation and politics as the concentrated expression of economy. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The political system of a country depends on its economic and social foundation, and at the same time it reacts on its economic and social foundation, and even plays a decisive role." As a powerful organizational form among the elements of the superstructure, political parties have a direct and powerful reaction to the economic base. Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always regarded seeking happiness for the people of China and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation as its initial intention and mission. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China has created a miracle of rapid economic development and long-term social stability. When Socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, only by strengthening the Party’s overall leadership over economic work can we ensure the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the right direction, provide a strong political guarantee for the realization of socialist modernization, promote high-quality economic development, and meet the growing needs of the people for a better life. Strengthening the Party’s overall leadership over economic work is an inevitable requirement for respecting the dialectical relationship between politics and economy.

　　Conform to the law of socialized mass production

　　The reason why modern society adopts the political system under the leadership of the political party is closely related to socialized mass production. Socialized mass production has the following characteristics: First, product socialization. The purpose of this production is no longer just to meet their own needs, but more importantly, to meet the needs of society through exchange. The second is the socialization of the use of means of production. Under the socialized mode of production, the means of production are no longer used by individuals or families, but by a large number of workers based on machine industry. Today’s digital technology and artificial intelligence have broken the way of using the means of production with factories as the boundary, and further improved the socialization of the use of means of production. The third is the socialization of the production process. Under the condition of socialized production, the whole production process is completed under a certain social division of labor system, which requires producers to cooperate. Cooperation makes producers become closely linked interest communities, and whether the relationship between all parties can be coordinated is the key to improving production efficiency.

　　There is a contradiction between capitalist private ownership and socialized mass production. The essence of this contradiction is the contradiction between the narrow interests of the capitalist class and the economic and social adjustment and the expansion of the scope of public interests required by socialized mass production. Marx’s scientific revelation of capitalist economic laws shows that bourgeois political parties cannot coordinate the contradiction between capitalist private ownership and socialized mass production. We can see that in some capitalist countries, in addition to periodic economic crises, there are also various social problems, especially since the international financial crisis in 2008, some developed countries have fallen into systematic crises such as politics, economy, society and values.

　　On behalf of the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, the Communist Party of China (CPC) adheres to the principle of public ownership as the mainstay and the common development of various forms of ownership, and the principle of distribution according to work as the mainstay and the coexistence of various modes of distribution, which conforms to the requirements of socialized mass production. The higher the degree of socialized mass production, the higher the coordination of production is objectively required. Strengthening the Party’s overall leadership over economic work and ensuring and guiding the balanced and coordinated development between industries and departments through long-term planning and major proportional arrangements within the whole society are not only conducive to liberating productive forces and creating conditions for socialized large-scale production, but also conducive to solving the problem of insufficient imbalance in China’s economic development and meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership can ensure the coordination and organization of production within the enterprise. By perfecting the modern enterprise system with China characteristics and embedding the enterprise party organization into the corporate governance structure, we can ensure that the principles, policies and major arrangements of the party and the state are truly implemented and implemented, and provide a strong organizational guarantee and political guarantee for making the state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises stronger and better. It can be seen that strengthening the party’s overall leadership over economic work is an inherent requirement of conforming to the law of socialized large-scale production and is conducive to better liberating and developing productive forces.

　　Follow the laws of socialist market economy

　　As a way of resource allocation, market economy combines with capitalist system to form capitalist market economy and with socialist system to form socialist market economy. The basic law of market economy is the law of value, but the specific application and grasp of the law of value are significantly different between capitalist market economy and socialist market economy.

　　In the capitalist market economy, the bourgeoisie advocates the free market economy, and the law of value plays a self-initiated role. Capital makes full use of the law of value to pursue self-expansion, and wherever it makes money, it goes. The socialist market economy is a market economy that explores the organic combination of socialism and market economy. It is a market economy that respects and applies the law of value, while giving play to the advantages of the socialist system and overcoming the limitations of the law of value. Developing market economy under socialist conditions is a great pioneering work of the Communist Party of China (CPC). To develop the socialist market economy, we must uphold the Party’s overall leadership over economic work.

　　Our party insists on combining paying attention to top-level design with respecting the initiative of the masses, constantly exploring how the government and the market can play an organic role, and striving to solve the world-wide problems in economics in practice. The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress clearly put forward: "Deepening the administration of decentralization, combining the administration with the management, and optimizing the service reform. Build a unified national market, deepen the reform of factor marketization, and build a high-standard market system. Improve the basic systems of market economy such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition and social credit, and optimize the business environment. " These requirements and arrangements are conducive to stimulating the vitality of various business entities and effectively giving play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation.

　　In practice, the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation, but the market mechanism is not omnipotent; Theoretically, the market economy is spontaneous, blind and lagging. Therefore, to develop the socialist market economy, we should not only give full play to the positive role of the market economy, but also improve the ability of the party and the government to control the market economy. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "In China, the strong leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee for the government to play its role." The fundamental purpose of our party to control the market economy is to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties, use the market to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, and at the same time prevent the disorderly expansion of capital.

　　To control the socialist market economy well, first, we must adhere to the dominant position of public ownership. Second, we must promote the modernization of government governance system and governance capacity, innovate ways and means of macro-control, improve the macroeconomic governance system, give play to the strategic guiding role of national development planning, strengthen the coordination and cooperation between fiscal policy and monetary policy, keep the bottom line of systemic risk, and improve the ability and level of macroeconomic governance. Third, by strengthening the party’s overall leadership over economic work, maintaining macroeconomic stability, optimizing public services, ensuring fair competition, strengthening market supervision, promoting sustainable development, and promoting common prosperity and all-round development of people. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Whether we can control the world’s second largest economy and maintain sustained and healthy economic and social development fundamentally depends on whether the party plays a leading role in economic and social development." It can be seen that strengthening the party’s leadership over economic work is an inevitable requirement for exploring and following the laws of the socialist market economy. We must build a high-level socialist market economic system in the process of making good use of the advantages of the market economy and controlling it well.

　　Exploring the development law of Chinese modernization

　　Modernization is the common pursuit of human society. What kind of modernization to build and how to build it are questions that the ruling party of every country pursuing modernization should explore and answer. When it comes to modernization, people tend to be confined to the modernization of western developed countries, because human modernization really started in the West. For a long time, people’s measure of modernization is mainly based on the level of industrialization development, which can reflect a country’s productivity development level in the process of modernization to a certain extent, but it is difficult to reflect the contradictions and problems existing in this country’s modernization process, such as economic crisis, ecological crisis and polarization in western modernization, which runs counter to the modernization dream pursued by mankind. Therefore, we must break the myth that "modernization equals westernization". General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "There is neither a model of modernization in the world nor a universal standard of modernization."

　　To explore the law of modernization development, we must stand on the height of the law of human social development and combine our national conditions. As an important force leading and promoting the modernization process, political parties have the responsibility to answer a series of questions about modernization. The foundation and concept of the ruling party are directly related to the nature, goal, value orientation and development direction of modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly expounded the problems that need to be considered and answered in the development of human modernization. First, what is the fundamental force and ultimate goal of promoting modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The people are the creators of history, the most solid foundation and the deepest force to promote modernization. The ultimate goal of modernization is to realize the free and all-round development of human beings. " Therefore, the modernization development must adhere to the people as the center. Second, the question of the road to modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "Modernization is not owned by a few countries ‘ Patents ’ , nor is it either ‘ Multiple choice questions ’ " . The diversity of human civilization determines that the road to modernization must also have diversity. Therefore, countries pursuing modernization must respect each other’s road choices. Third, the relationship between countries in the process of modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "any country pursuing modernization should adhere to the concept of unity, cooperation and common development and take the road of joint construction, sharing and win-win".The development process of human modernization should not be a zero-sum game, but a win-win situation. Therefore, all countries should go hand in hand in promoting the construction of a community of human destiny.

　　For more than 100 years, the Communist Party of China (CPC) United and led the people of China to explore the law of modernization and embarked on the road of Chinese modernization. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization with a huge population, the common prosperity of all people, the coordination of material civilization and spiritual civilization, the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and the modernization of peaceful development. The essential requirements of Chinese modernization are: adhering to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and Socialism with Chinese characteristics, achieving high-quality development, developing people’s democracy in the whole process, enriching people’s spiritual world, achieving common prosperity for all people, promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature, promoting the construction of a community of human destiny and creating a new form of human civilization. Chinese modernization is not only based on its own national conditions, but also draws lessons from the experience of other countries, which not only inherits history and culture, but also integrates modern civilization, which not only benefits the people of China, but also promotes the common development of the world. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward and elaborated the Chinese modernization theory, which reflected our party’s new understanding of the law of modernization development.

　　To promote Chinese modernization, we must strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over economic work. First, it is conducive to ensuring the correct direction of Chinese modernization. The party’s nature and purpose, initial mission, beliefs and policy propositions determine that Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization, which requires that we must persist in taking the people as the center, promote people’s all-round development, and let all people continuously enhance their sense of acquisition and happiness in the process of modernization. Second, it is conducive to rallying strength for promoting Chinese modernization. Under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party, we can always insist on doing everything for the people, relying on the people, responding to people’s concerns, reflecting people’s wishes, respecting people’s creative spirit, mobilizing the enthusiasm and creativity of all parties, and gathering the wisdom of all the people into great power to promote modernization. Third, it is conducive to coping with the risk challenges in the process of Chinese modernization. Modernization is a systematic project. China’s development has entered a period in which strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertainties and unpredictable factors increase. All kinds of "black swan" and "grey rhinoceros" incidents may occur at any time. We must uphold and strengthen the overall leadership of the party, implement the leadership of the party in all aspects of the cause of the party and the state, make every effort to overcome all kinds of difficulties and challenges on the way forward, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization.

　　(This article Source: The author of Economic Daily is the deputy director of the Political Economy Research Center of Nankai University and Liu Fengyi, a researcher at the Tianjin Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center)

　　How to manage it specifically, let’s take a look.

　　Guiding opinions on field management technology in the middle and late stage of maize

　　At present, the growth of maize in Liaoning province has entered the filling stage one after another, which is in the critical period of yield formation. In some areas, there was more rainfall in the early stage, the soil moisture was higher, the growth process of corn was delayed, and the pests and diseases were aggravated. In view of the above situation, combined with the current and late weather conditions and production practice, the following technical guidance for field management is put forward.

　　First, strengthen water management to prevent droughts and floods

　　According to the law of maize growth and water demand, combined with weather conditions and soil moisture, corresponding irrigation and drainage measures should be taken in time. In case of flood disaster, it is necessary to mobilize the masses as soon as possible, increase the input of machines and manpower, dredge ditches in time, dispatch all kinds of drainage machinery, quickly remove the accumulated water in the field, so as to discharge it completely, speed up the reduction of soil moisture, shorten the soaking time of plants to the greatest extent, and restore their growth as soon as possible. Where conditions permit, a reservoir can be dug in the field according to the topographic conditions, and the accumulated water can be introduced into the reservoir for storage. When some easy-to-dry land blocks, such as sloping fields and sand hills, encounter staged high temperature and drought, it is necessary to start drought-resistant water sources and facilities in time in combination with weather conditions, soil moisture and field water conservancy facilities to meet the water demand of plants and reduce the impact of high temperature and drought.

　　Second, timely topdressing to promote growth

　　According to the growth and early fertilization of maize, especially in fields with late sowing, delayed plant growth and development, and waterlogging, timely and appropriate topdressing of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can replenish nutrient supply in time and improve lodging resistance. When topdressing fertilizer, it is best to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate or plant growth regulator on the leaves, which can be combined with pest control, and spray fertilizer, bactericide and insecticide together through drones to promote crop growth and development while controlling pests and diseases.

　　Third, prevent and control pests and diseases and reduce losses

　　Strengthen the monitoring and investigation of field pests and diseases, especially the fields affected by waterlogging and lagging growth and development, and issue early warning and forecast in time. In view of the migratory major pests such as Spodoptera exigua, armyworm and cotton bollworm, we should do a good job in monitoring the adults and investigating the insect situation in the field, and implement centralized and effective prevention and control in high-density areas at the first time to prevent local outbreaks. In view of the corn borer, corn leaf spot, stem rot, ear rot and other pests and diseases, it is necessary to prevent them early, seize the critical period of prevention and control, use pesticides scientifically, lower the base of bacterial and insect sources at ear stage, and reduce the damage and loss. Actively adopt biological or physical methods for prevention and control, or spray high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue chemical pesticides with plant protection machinery such as unmanned aerial vehicles and high-gap pulling pesticide sprayer for point prevention and control or unified prevention and control. It is necessary to strengthen the application of measures such as ecological regulation, biological control, physical and chemical inducement and release of natural enemies, and improve the level of green and scientific prevention and control of major pests and diseases. On the basis of strengthening the green prevention and control of pests and diseases, we will focus on the emergency chemical prevention and joint prevention and control of high-density spots.

　　Fourth, strengthen field management to prevent lodging

　　Affected by frequent rainfall in the early stage, maize plants grow well in most areas, but the roots are not deep enough, so they are prone to lodging in severe weather. Therefore, rational topdressing or foliar spraying, appropriate application of potassium fertilizer and growth regulator should be adopted to promote root growth, improve plant quality and enhance lodging resistance of maize. For plots with accumulated water in the field, communication channels should be dug in time, and the accumulated water in the field should be drained by mechanical drainage or gravity drainage to prevent the ability of wind and lodging resistance from decreasing after the plants are soaked for a long time. After the wind disaster, try to maintain the status quo of the plots where the plants are tilted and not completely lodging, and rely on their own ability to resume growth; For plots where the plants are completely lodging and the stems are not broken, the ear of the fruit should be padded as early as possible according to the actual situation to prevent the ear from sprouting and mildew; For plots where plants are seriously lodging or stems are broken and cannot be recovered, timely harvest; For the blocks that have been extinct, the straw should be harvested as silage in time according to the situation, or the crops with short growth period should be replanted in time to reduce losses.

　　Fifth, pay attention to prevent early frost and promote early maturity.

　　Measures to prevent early frost and promote early maturity should be implemented in fields with delayed corn development and areas susceptible to early frost. Foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate and brassinolide can be sprayed to quickly replenish nutrients and enhance the stress and cold resistance of plants. Do a good job of peeling and drying corn stalks in time, accelerate corn grain filling and dehydration of mature grains, reduce corn water content and promote early maturity of corn. At the same time, measures to promote early maturity, such as cutting empty plants and bottoming leaves, are taken to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field, reduce nutrient consumption, promote nutrient transfer to grains, and accelerate maturity. Once the early frost occurs, we should guide the masses not to harvest it in a hurry, make full use of the after-ripening function of corn to harvest it at a timely and late time, appropriately extend the after-ripening growth time, give full play to the function of storing nutrients in roots and transferring them to grains, and improve the yield and quality.

　　Guiding opinions on field management technology in the middle and late stage of rice

　　At present, the growth of rice in Liaoning Province has entered the heading and filling stage, and the overall growth situation is good. However, due to the influence of many factors, such as rain and lack of sunlight, some plots failed to control water to dry the fields, the root system development was not as good as in previous years, the rice growth process was slightly delayed, and rice leaf blast and sheath blight occurred in some areas. In view of the above situation, combined with the heavy rainfall in flood season and the fact that the temperature dropped and the temperature difference was large after beginning of autumn, the following technical guidance on field management was put forward.

　　First, strengthen management to prevent lodging

　　Due to the abundant rain in the early stage, the stems and leaves on the ground of rice grow well, but the roots have not experienced drying in the sun and airing in the field, and their development is not as good as in previous years, so they are prone to lodging in the late growth stage or in severe weather. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally apply growth regulators to promote root growth, improve plant quality and enhance rice lodging resistance; To maintain the shallow water layer of rice field, intermittent irrigation should be given priority to during the filling and fruiting period, that is, shallow water should be irrigated once, and then shallow water should be irrigated once after it is naturally drained until there is water in the footwell. In addition, water should not be cut off within 30 days after heading of rice to avoid premature plant senescence and incomplete grains. For the plots with too much water accumulated in the fields due to flood disasters, it is necessary to dig communication channels in time, and drain the water accumulated in the fields by mechanical drainage or gravity drainage to prevent the plants from being soaked for a long time, which will lead to premature senescence of roots and decline of lodging resistance.

　　Second, scientifically apply granular fertilizer

　　Due to low temperature and poor illumination, the seedlings are delayed, tillers are delayed and rows are closed late. Although the number of effective tillers and grains per panicle are close to normal, there is a form of excessive growth. Increasing grain weight and grain maturity is the focus of the next work. According to the change of rice leaf color, the amount of fertilizer applied in the early stage and other factors, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at the right time and properly, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be sprayed on the leaves. The first 10 days after full heading is the best application period of granular fertilizer. Before fertilization, ensure the water layer and spread it evenly. The grain fertilizer may not be applied to the overgrown plots, and more fertilizer may be applied to the plots with lighter leaves.

　　Third, reasonable regulation and promotion of early maturity

　　Due to the slow development of rice and the cold weather, it is necessary to adhere to the technical route of "keeping ground temperature, promoting early maturity and delaying harvest" to improve the microclimate in the field and enhance the ability of rice to resist low temperature. It is necessary to promote early maturity, timely spray foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, water-soluble fertilizers or plant growth regulators to supplement plant nutrients, enhance cold resistance, improve plant quality, and create good conditions for grain filling. To irrigate fields with well water, it is necessary to reduce irrigation frequency and increase ground temperature. After the yellow is ripe, it is necessary to cut off the water in time and harvest it in time. Late-maturing plots that are greedy for green crops should be harvested appropriately. In case of low temperature chilling injury, don’t rush to harvest, but postpone harvesting appropriately, prolong the growth time of after-ripening, promote the transfer of nutrients stored in roots to grains, and reduce the impact of chilling injury.

　　Fourth, timely prevention of diseases, pests and weeds

　　Rice should focus on preventing armyworm, planthopper and rice blast. It is necessary to strengthen the application of measures such as ecological regulation, biological control, physical and chemical inducement and release of natural enemies, and improve the level of green and scientific prevention and control of major pests and diseases. On the basis of strengthening the green prevention and control of pests and diseases, we will focus on the emergency chemical prevention and joint prevention and control of high-density spots. To prevent and control the armyworm, it is necessary to carry out ecological regulation, take advantage of the biological habit that adults need to feed to replenish energy before mating and spawning, and use bait with the odor that adults like to mix with a small amount of pesticides for biological trapping and killing. At the same time, grasp the early stage of egg incubation and the young larval stage to carry out scientific drug control. To control Laodelphax striatellus mainly, it is necessary to stress pressing before controlling and focusing on protecting the rice filling stage. The prevention and control of rice blast is mainly based on prevention, and the prevention of rice blast should be emphasized at the break, heading and full heading stages to prevent the occurrence of ear neck blast. At the same time, attention should be paid to the continuous rainy weather in the late growth period, and the branch blast and grain blast should be prevented in the late-maturing plots.

　　V. Resume production in time after the disaster

　　For the flooded fields or flooded fields caused by the previous flood disaster, we should adhere to the measures of "draining, dispersing, managing and promoting" simultaneously, grab and drain the accumulated water in time, restore the air permeability of the soil, raise roots and protect leaves, and promote the growth of waterlogged rice. It is necessary to dredge the ditches in time to eliminate the accumulated water in the field. It can be drained at one time in rainy days, and the field should be properly dried after drainage, so as to enhance soil permeability and root activity and restore plant growth. Top dressing should be applied in time for the fields that have been fertilized by water, and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to promote the recovery of roots and plants, so as to prevent premature aging and death caused by stagnant water.

　　Guiding opinions on field management technology of soybean in the middle and late stage

　　At present, the soybean in Liaoning province is in the period of flowering and pod filling, which is the key period of yield formation. According to the pest control and scientific disaster prevention and mitigation in the middle and late stage of soybean production, the following technical guidance for field management is put forward.

　　First, topdressing promotes weakness

　　In general soybean growing fields, if the plants are found to be fertilized or the growth period is delayed, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed to prolong the functional period of leaves, enhance the disease resistance, increase the grain weight and minimize the yield loss. If there are symptoms of trace element deficiency, trace elements such as magnesium, manganese, molybdenum and boron can be supplemented by spraying trace fertilizers on the leaves. Spraying 0.25 kg urea+0.2 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu at the initial flowering stage of soybean for the first time; The second time was in the pod setting stage and the third time was in the pod filling stage, combined with pest control, and 0.2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+0.16 kg of rice vinegar+boron fertilizer was sprayed to increase pods and promote maturity.

　　Second, pest control

　　According to the occurrence law of pests and diseases, the prevention plan is formulated in time, and the principle of prevention first and prevention second is followed. Spring soybean focuses on the prevention and control of pests such as soybean moth, firefly beetle, aphid and red spider, as well as diseases such as root rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and downy mildew. In summer soybean, stinkbug, aphid, Bemisia tabaci, Spodoptera litura and other pests should be mainly controlled. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of sucking pests such as stinkbug, and prevent the occurrence of "green disease". It is suggested that a large-scale unified prevention and control measure should be taken at the flowering and pod stage, and the pesticide should be sprayed once every 7-10 days for 2-3 times continuously. At the same time, pay attention to the prevention and control of root rot, stem blight and other diseases. In the process of major pest control, it can be operated at the same time as spraying foliar fertilizer, so as to achieve the effects of "one spraying for multiple prevention", "one spraying for multiple promotion" and "one spraying for multiple effects", and to achieve the effects of disease prevention, insect prevention, disaster reduction, quality improvement and yield increase.

　　Third, flood control and drought relief

　　Since the flood season, there has been a lot of precipitation in Liaoning Province. In view of the waterlogging disaster caused by continuous rainy weather, according to the waterlogging situation and topography, ditches should be dredged quickly, and drainage machinery and drainage ditches should be adopted to discharge the accumulated water in the field and stagnant water in the plough layer as soon as possible, so as to reduce the time of accumulated water in the field, reduce the soil water content and promote or maintain the root activity. After the accumulated water is discharged, after the topsoil of the soil is dried, intertillage should be carried out in time to loosen the soil moisture, so as to avoid soil hardening, enhance the permeability of the soil, help the soybean root system to return to the normal physiological state, improve the lodging resistance of the soybean, and play a role in preventing weeds. In view of the malnutrition caused by waterlogging, the roots and leaves can be fertilized to supplement nutrients, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as the main fertilizer at the roots (3-5 kg/mu) and nitrate nitrogen fertilizer as appropriate (2-3 kg/mu); 125 grams of urea, 15 grams of boron and molybdenum microelement fertilizer, 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 30 kilograms of water are used for leaf spraying. Appropriate amount of amino acids and other nutrients can also be added to enhance their resilience. In addition, some easy-to-dry land blocks, such as sloping land and sand hillock land, should be irrigated in time when they encounter staged high temperature and drought during the soybean grain bulging period, with an irrigation amount of about 20 cubic meters per mu each time to minimize the shedding of flowers and pods.

　　Fourth, timely harvest

　　The best period of combined harvest is the early stage of soybean maturity, when all the leaves of soybean fall off, the plants show the original variety color, and the grain water content drops below 18%. In order to improve the harvest quality, soybean combine harvester can be equipped with disturbing cutting table, reduce the speed of reel as much as possible, adjust the gap between threshing drum and concave screen, and adjust the speed of fan in cleaning system.

　　Guiding opinions on field management technology of peanut in the middle and late stage

　　At present, peanut in Liaoning province is in pod setting stage, which is the key period of yield formation, and the demand for nutrition is very large. We should pay close attention to the abnormal weather changes in the middle and late period, make good plans for disaster prevention and mitigation, actively deal with various hazards such as waterlogging and drought, and effectively reduce the impact of disasters on peanut production. Combined with meteorological conditions and peanut growth, the following technical guidance on field management was put forward.

　　First, timely drainage and moisture dissipation

　　According to the rainfall and soil moisture, seize the drainage window period and organize drainage quickly. After heavy rain, according to the situation and topography of water accumulation in peanut fields, mechanical drainage or manual drainage ditches should be taken in time to reduce the water accumulation in the fields as soon as possible, drain the waterlogging in the plough layer and reduce the time of water accumulation in the fields. For the field with sticky soil and poor drainage, it should be combined with intertillage and hoeing as soon as possible to promote soil ventilation and air moisture, and reduce the harm of waterlogging to peanuts. Peanut covered with plastic film should break the film to disperse moisture, reduce soil water content, keep soil well ventilated and reduce the occurrence of rotten fruit.

　　Second, timely supplement fertilizer

　　The middle and late period of peanut is the key period of more nutritional requirements and pod enrichment. Due to the high rainfall in the early stage, soil fertility is lost, root absorption capacity is weakened, and plants are prone to fertilization and premature aging. Therefore, combined with the growth potential of flowers, fertilizers should be supplemented in time to ensure nutrient supply, restore plant growth, prevent fertilization and premature aging in the later stage, reduce waterlogging losses and ensure stable peanut production. Peanuts planted in the open field can be combined with intertillage for topdressing, and a certain amount of calcium fertilizer can be applied to promote pod expansion.

　　Third, strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases

　　Adhere to the principle of "prevention first, green prevention and control". Physical control and chemical control are combined, and black light, yellow and blue board, sex attractant and high-efficiency and low-toxicity drugs are combined. Due to the heavy rainfall in the early stage, high soil water content in the field and high temperature in August, high temperature and high humidity environment are easy to cause peanut diseases and insect pests, especially leaf brown spot, net spot and white silk disease, as well as grubs, aphids, cotton bollworm and thrips, so the field disease monitoring should be strengthened. For leaf diseases, fungicides such as bifonazole, epoxiconazole, difenoconazole, nitrile benzoxazole, diniconazole, triadimefon, tebuconazole, etc. +0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution +1% urea solution can be sprayed on the leaves, generally once every 7-10 days, and sprayed for 2-3 times. For grubs, 30% phoxim microcapsule suspension can be used to irrigate roots with 1000 times liquid, and the dosage is 300 ml per mu; For aphids, 3% phoxim granules can be used, and 6 kg per mu can be applied to the ridge with fertilizer, or imidacloprid+additives can be used for control; Spraying 2.5% cypermethrin EC 2000 times or 1.8 avermectin 2000 times on the leaves of Helicoverpa armigera before the 3rd instar; For thrips, emamectin benzoate+acetamiprid (imidacloprid), emamectin benzoate+spinosad+adjuvant, emamectin benzoate+nitenpyram, or bifenthrin+abamectin can be sprayed on the leaves.

　　Four, timely removal of weeds

　　Due to the heavy rainfall in the early stage, weeds in the field grow rapidly and should be removed in time. During the 2-4 leaf stage of weeds, 150 ml of 48% bentazone EC +108 g/L of high-efficiency flufenpyrad-ethyl 20 ml or 30 ml of 11.8% mequine-rufop-ethyl EC were selected per mu, and the stems and leaves were sprayed evenly, which could effectively control gramineous weeds and broad-leaved weeds for one year. However, the chemical weeding effect of big grass and old grass with seeds in the field is not good, so it should be manually pulled out and cleaned out of the field.

　　V. Chemical control

　　Pod-setting period is the most vigorous period of peanut growth. Due to insufficient light on rainy days, peanuts are easy to grow in vain, resulting in imbalance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. For plots where plants tend to grow in vain and the plant height exceeds 35 cm, chemical control should be carried out for 2-3 times in combination with pest control. After applying peanut Chaoshengbao, uniconazole, or Zhuangbaoan with reasonable water, foliar spraying should be carried out evenly to avoid re-spraying, missed spraying and rain after spraying.

　　Sixth, timely harvest

　　Generally, at harvest time, the plants show senescence, the middle and lower leaves turn from green to yellow and gradually fall off, and the stems turn to yellow-green. 5-10 peanut plants can be randomly selected. When more than 70% of pod shells are hardened, the texture is clear, the color changes from white to light yellow, the sponge tissue in the shell shrinks and becomes thin, and the inner wall of the shell is dark brown, it is a suitable harvest period. The key to reduce the loss and improve the cleanliness of peanut mechanized harvesting lies in: first, check and debug the harvester to make the machine work with high quality and efficiency in the best condition; Second, accurately grasp the suitable harvest period and operating conditions, and harvest at the best time; Third, choose suitable mechanized harvesting methods and machines; Fourth, timely drying to reduce mildew; The fifth is to strengthen the training and supervision of machine collection.

CCTV News:Today (September 29th) is the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is our traditional festival. Similarly, the naming of spacecraft in China’s lunar exploration project also has strong China traditional cultural characteristics. Apart from the "Yutu" lunar rover we just met, there are also the "Chang ‘e" project and the "Queqiao" relay star. In fact, there are many place names with China elements on the moon. Let’s take a look.

Guanghan Palace, Tianhe, Weaver Girl, Mount Tai and Huashan … … These elements with unique China charm mark the mountains, basins, craters and so on on the moon in the form of naming the geographical entities of the moon. At present, there are 35 place names named after China element on the moon, including 3 landing sites, 22 ring pits, 2 moon streams, 5 satellite pits and 3 mountains.

Naming geographical entities on the moon is not only as simple as a name, but also related to exploration achievements, scientific research level and international contribution.

Chinese scientists used the image data of Chang ‘e-1 to apply for the naming of three ring pits: Bi Sheng, Cai Lun and Yuzhe Zhang. After the success of Chang ‘e III, the naming of four lunar geographic entities including Guanghan Palace in the landing area was officially approved. For the Chang ‘e IV mission, the names of "Tianhe Base" and "Tianjin, Hegu, Weaver Girl and Mount Tai" on the back of the moon were approved. Eight lunar geographic entities, such as the Chang ‘e-5 mission and the "Celestial Ship Base", were named.

Tang Yuhua, deputy chief designer of Chang ‘e VII mission of National Space Administration’s Lunar Exploration and Aerospace Engineering Center;It proves the strength of our country’s technology, or the ability of lunar exploration has reached a certain level. In addition, the elements of China are more reflected on the moon, which is also an international recognition of China culture.